FindTrial
Sign In

Multi-ingredient Supplement for Strength and Power

The Impact of T+ Supplementation on Anabolic Hormone Profile and Performance in Power Athletes

Status
Completed
Phases
NA
Study type
Interventional
Source
ClinicalTrials.gov
Registry ID
NCT01971723
Enrollment
32
Registered
2013-10-29
Start date
2013-06-30
Completion date
2015-12-31
Last updated
2016-02-29

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Supplement

Keywords

Testosterone, Estrogen, Insulin, Blood Lipid, Glucose, Creatine Kinase, Strength, Power Athlete

Brief summary

It has been suggested that high amounts of total serum testosterone levels correlate with higher lean body mass, lowered fat mass, greater muscle strength, and faster recovery. These suggestions drive athletes and body builders to find ways to raise their testosterone levels. Many athletes and bodybuilders look to alternative methods to anabolic steroids in order increase their testosterone levels without legal repercussions or physiological side effects. Herbs and other plant extracts have been introduced as a possible source to naturally boost testosterone levels. Research supporting the use of herbs and plant extracts has been shown to be equivocal. However, evidence in studies with hypogonadal men suggests that longjack root may naturally boost testosterone levels. Onnit Labs, LLC has packaged this supplement (T+) which claims it can naturally boost testosterone and lower estrogen levels and subsequently improve performance. This product is a powder (11g) that is mixed with 16 oz of water and consumed 20 minutes prior to anaerobic workouts, such as high intensity weight training. T+ is a multi-ingredient supplement that consists of vitamins B5 and B6, magnesium aspartic acid, mucuna pruriens, longjack root, nettle root, red clover luteolin, resveratrol, beta- alanine, branch chain amino acids, L- glutamine, Bioperine, and Fibersol 2. The active ingredients purported to boost plasma testosterone levels are mucuna pruriens, longjack root, and magnesium aspartic acid. The active ingredients claimed to lower plasma estrogen concentrations are red clover, luteolin, resveratrol and nettle root. All other ingredients (Branch Chain Amino Acids and Beta-Alanine) have been documented to improve exercise performance. It is hypothesized that there will not be any physiological changes after supplementation of T+. It is also hypothesized that performance will not be affected by the supplementation of T+.

Detailed description

The purpose of this study is to examine the physiological and performance effects of T+ on power athletes.

Interventions

OTHERT+ Supplement

Randomized, placebo-controlled, double blind protocol with two treatment groups (matched by lean body mass). Group 1 will receive the recommended serving of one scoop (11g) of T+ supplement. This serving will be taken 45 minutes before the beginning of working out on an empty stomach (\>1 hour after meal). On non-training days, the participants will also take a serving at the same time as on training days. This will continue for four weeks (28 days).

OTHERPlacebo

The placebo group will consume a calorie-match placebo in the same manner as the supplement group (one serving 45 minutes prior to work outs on an empty stomach). The placebo group will also follow the same supplementation patterns and workout as their counterparts in the supplement group.

Sponsors

East Carolina University
CollaboratorOTHER
Florida State University
Lead SponsorOTHER

Study design

Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Investigator)

Eligibility

Sex/Gender
MALE
Age
18 Years to 35 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes

Inclusion criteria

* Must be familiar with the three main powerlifting movements (squat, bench and deadlift) * Must have one month training with a designated strength coach to understand the expectations of the strength coach and movement patterns for performance * Have no pre-existing musculoskeletal disorders * Participate in the three-week supplement wash out prior to beginning the experiment (except for basic protein supplements and multivitamins)

Exclusion criteria

* Female

Design outcomes

Primary

MeasureTime frameDescription
Free Testosterone OutcomesBaseline, 2-week mark, 4-week markMeasurements for free testosterone will occur on three occasions: prior to the start of supplementation and training, at the end of two weeks, and finally at the end of training.
Creatine-Kinase OutcomesBaseline, 2-week mark, 4-week mark—
Dihydrotestosterone OutcomesBaseline, 2-week mark, 4-week markMeasurements for dihydrotestosterone (DHT) will occur on three occasions: prior to the start of supplementation and training, at the end of two weeks, and finally at the end of training.
Cortisol OutcomesBaseline, 2-week mark, 4-week mark—
Sex-hormone Binding Globulin OutcomesBaseline, 2-week mark, 4-week mark—
Strength Performance OutcomesBaseline measures and 4 weeks from start of studyMeasurement of one repetition maximums strength for all competition lifts included in a standard, ungeared, powerlifting competition (squat, bench, and deadlift). This testing will take place before the supplementation of either T+ or placebo and at the end of the four-week training period. Each measure was only compared within it's own category against the baseline measurement and against that of the other group at the same time point.
Insulin OutcomesBaseline, 2-week mark, 4-week markMeasurements of insulin will occur on three occasions: prior to the start of supplementation and training, at the end of two weeks, and finally at the end of training.
Blood Lipid OutcomesBaseline, 2-week mark, 4-week markMeasurements for blood lipid panels will occur on three occasions: prior to the start of supplementation and training, at the end of two weeks, and finally at the end of training.
Total Testosterone OutcomesBaseline, 2-week mark, 4-week markMeasurements for testosterone will occur on three occasions: prior to the start of supplementation and training, at the end of two weeks, and finally at the end of training.
Estrogen OutcomesBaseline, 2-week mark, 4-week markMeasurements for estrogen will occur on three occasions: prior to the start of supplementation and training, at the end of two weeks, and finally at the end of training.
Insulin-like Growth Factor-I OutcomesBaseline, 2-week mark, 4-week markMeasurements for insulin-like growth factor-I will occur on three occasions: prior to the start of supplementation and training, at the end of two weeks, and finally at the end of training.
Bio-availableTestosterone OutcomesBaseline, 2-week mark, 4-week markMeasurements for total testosterone will occur on three occasions: prior to the start of supplementation and training, at the end of two weeks, and finally at the end of training.

Secondary

MeasureTime frameDescription
Volume Performance Outcomes4 WeeksDuring the four weeks, the volume ((weight x reps)set 1+(weight x reps)set 2+ (weight x reps)set 3….. ) will be calculated and measured for each exercise in each lifting session.

Countries

United States

Participant flow

Participants by arm

ArmCount
T+ Supplement
This arm requires the participants to take a prescribed dose of the T+ supplement for 4 weeks while completing an exercise regiment. T+ Supplement: Randomized, placebo-controlled, double blind protocol with two treatment groups (matched by lean body mass). Group 1 will receive the recommended serving of one scoop (11g) of T+ supplement. This serving will be taken 45 minutes before the beginning of working out on an empty stomach (\>1 hour after meal). On non-training days, the participants will also take a serving at the same time as on training days. This will continue for four weeks (28 days).
14
Placebo
This arm requires the participants to take a prescribed dose of a calorie matched placebo for 4 weeks while completing an exercise regiment. Placebo: The placebo group will consume a calorie-match placebo in the same manner as the supplement group (one serving 45 minutes prior to work outs on an empty stomach). The placebo group will also follow the same supplementation patterns and workout as their counterparts in the supplement group.
13
Total27

Withdrawals & dropouts

PeriodReasonFG000FG001
Overall StudyProtocol Violation12
Overall StudyWithdrawal by Subject11

Baseline characteristics

CharacteristicTotalPlaceboT+ Supplement
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
27 Participants13 Participants14 Participants
BMI(kg/m^2)25.06 kg/m^2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.9
25.43 kg/m^2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.15
24.73 kg/m^2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.45
Body Mass (kg)77.43 kg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.85
79.24 kg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.71
75.89 kg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.43
Height (cm)178.39 cm
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.51
177.64 cm
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.78
179.13 cm
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.57
Sex: Female, Male
Female
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
27 Participants13 Participants14 Participants
Total Strength (kg)375.87 kg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 61.97
375.87 kg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 70.07
379 kg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 58.61

Adverse events

Event typeEG000
affected / at risk
EG001
affected / at risk
deaths
Total, all-cause mortality
— / —— / —
other
Total, other adverse events
5 / 140 / 13
serious
Total, serious adverse events
0 / 140 / 13

Outcome results

Primary

Bio-availableTestosterone Outcomes

Measurements for total testosterone will occur on three occasions: prior to the start of supplementation and training, at the end of two weeks, and finally at the end of training.

Time frame: Baseline, 2-week mark, 4-week mark

ArmMeasureGroupValue (MEAN)Dispersion
T+ SupplementBio-availableTestosterone OutcomesPre Training Levels321 ng/dLStandard Deviation 105
T+ SupplementBio-availableTestosterone OutcomesMid Training Levels286 ng/dLStandard Deviation 91
T+ SupplementBio-availableTestosterone OutcomesPost Training Levels313 ng/dLStandard Deviation 117
PlaceboBio-availableTestosterone OutcomesPre Training Levels282 ng/dLStandard Deviation 93
PlaceboBio-availableTestosterone OutcomesMid Training Levels234 ng/dLStandard Deviation 53
PlaceboBio-availableTestosterone OutcomesPost Training Levels273 ng/dLStandard Deviation 90
p-value: >0.05ANOVA
Primary

Blood Lipid Outcomes

Measurements for blood lipid panels will occur on three occasions: prior to the start of supplementation and training, at the end of two weeks, and finally at the end of training.

Time frame: Baseline, 2-week mark, 4-week mark

ArmMeasureGroupValue (MEAN)Dispersion
T+ SupplementBlood Lipid OutcomesGlucose Mid Training96 mg/dlStandard Deviation 6
T+ SupplementBlood Lipid OutcomesHDL Post Training47 mg/dlStandard Deviation 7
T+ SupplementBlood Lipid OutcomesCholesterol Mid Training161 mg/dlStandard Deviation 26
T+ SupplementBlood Lipid OutcomesLDL Basline91 mg/dlStandard Deviation 20
T+ SupplementBlood Lipid OutcomesGlucose Post Training97 mg/dlStandard Deviation 9
T+ SupplementBlood Lipid OutcomesLDL Mid Training90 mg/dlStandard Deviation 22
T+ SupplementBlood Lipid OutcomesGlucose Baseline93 mg/dlStandard Deviation 11
T+ SupplementBlood Lipid OutcomesLDL Post Training89 mg/dlStandard Deviation 20
T+ SupplementBlood Lipid OutcomesHDL Basline47 mg/dlStandard Deviation 8
T+ SupplementBlood Lipid OutcomesTriglycerides Basline102 mg/dlStandard Deviation 51
T+ SupplementBlood Lipid OutcomesCholesterol Post Training162 mg/dlStandard Deviation 27
T+ SupplementBlood Lipid OutcomesTriglycerides Mid Training111 mg/dlStandard Deviation 34
T+ SupplementBlood Lipid OutcomesHDL Mid Training47 mg/dlStandard Deviation 8
T+ SupplementBlood Lipid OutcomesTriglycerides Post Training122 mg/dlStandard Deviation 51
T+ SupplementBlood Lipid OutcomesCholesterol Baseline158 mg/dlStandard Deviation 28
PlaceboBlood Lipid OutcomesTriglycerides Post Training99 mg/dlStandard Deviation 45
PlaceboBlood Lipid OutcomesCholesterol Baseline162 mg/dlStandard Deviation 31
PlaceboBlood Lipid OutcomesCholesterol Mid Training160 mg/dlStandard Deviation 29
PlaceboBlood Lipid OutcomesCholesterol Post Training161 mg/dlStandard Deviation 26
PlaceboBlood Lipid OutcomesGlucose Baseline98 mg/dlStandard Deviation 12
PlaceboBlood Lipid OutcomesGlucose Mid Training94 mg/dlStandard Deviation 14
PlaceboBlood Lipid OutcomesGlucose Post Training96 mg/dlStandard Deviation 11
PlaceboBlood Lipid OutcomesHDL Basline50 mg/dlStandard Deviation 8
PlaceboBlood Lipid OutcomesHDL Mid Training50 mg/dlStandard Deviation 9
PlaceboBlood Lipid OutcomesHDL Post Training53 mg/dlStandard Deviation 9
PlaceboBlood Lipid OutcomesLDL Basline91 mg/dlStandard Deviation 27
PlaceboBlood Lipid OutcomesLDL Mid Training86 mg/dlStandard Deviation 21
PlaceboBlood Lipid OutcomesLDL Post Training86 mg/dlStandard Deviation 19
PlaceboBlood Lipid OutcomesTriglycerides Basline88 mg/dlStandard Deviation 38
PlaceboBlood Lipid OutcomesTriglycerides Mid Training94 mg/dlStandard Deviation 37
Comparison: This statistical measurement is for cholesterol measure outcomes, only.p-value: >0.05ANOVA
Comparison: This statistical analysis is for glucose measure outcomes, only.p-value: >0.05ANOVA
Comparison: This statistical analysis is for HDL measure outcomes, only.p-value: >0.05ANOVA
Comparison: This statistical analysis is for LDL measure outcomes, only.p-value: >0.05ANOVA
Comparison: This statistical analysis for the triglyceride measure outcomes, only.p-value: >0.05ANOVA
Primary

Cortisol Outcomes

Time frame: Baseline, 2-week mark, 4-week mark

ArmMeasureGroupValue (MEAN)Dispersion
T+ SupplementCortisol OutcomesPre Training Levels17.0 ug/dlStandard Deviation 4.1
T+ SupplementCortisol OutcomesMid Training Levels17.7 ug/dlStandard Deviation 4.4
T+ SupplementCortisol OutcomesPost Training Levels19.3 ug/dlStandard Deviation 3.1
PlaceboCortisol OutcomesMid Training Levels19.9 ug/dlStandard Deviation 3.9
PlaceboCortisol OutcomesPre Training Levels20.1 ug/dlStandard Deviation 4
PlaceboCortisol OutcomesPost Training Levels19.2 ug/dlStandard Deviation 3
p-value: >0.05ANOVA
Primary

Creatine-Kinase Outcomes

Time frame: Baseline, 2-week mark, 4-week mark

ArmMeasureGroupValue (MEAN)Dispersion
T+ SupplementCreatine-Kinase OutcomesPre Training Levels2.0 mkat/LStandard Deviation 1
T+ SupplementCreatine-Kinase OutcomesMid Training Levels2.5 mkat/LStandard Deviation 1.7
T+ SupplementCreatine-Kinase OutcomesPost Training Levels1.8 mkat/LStandard Deviation 1.2
PlaceboCreatine-Kinase OutcomesPre Training Levels2.2 mkat/LStandard Deviation 2.4
PlaceboCreatine-Kinase OutcomesMid Training Levels1.7 mkat/LStandard Deviation 0.9
PlaceboCreatine-Kinase OutcomesPost Training Levels1.8 mkat/LStandard Deviation 1.7
p-value: 0.05ANOVA
Primary

Dihydrotestosterone Outcomes

Measurements for dihydrotestosterone (DHT) will occur on three occasions: prior to the start of supplementation and training, at the end of two weeks, and finally at the end of training.

Time frame: Baseline, 2-week mark, 4-week mark

ArmMeasureGroupValue (MEAN)Dispersion
T+ SupplementDihydrotestosterone OutcomesPre Training Levels901 ng/dLStandard Deviation 267
T+ SupplementDihydrotestosterone OutcomesMid Training Levels690 ng/dLStandard Deviation 226
T+ SupplementDihydrotestosterone OutcomesPost Training Levels926 ng/dLStandard Deviation 427
PlaceboDihydrotestosterone OutcomesPre Training Levels919 ng/dLStandard Deviation 424
PlaceboDihydrotestosterone OutcomesMid Training Levels939 ng/dLStandard Deviation 405
PlaceboDihydrotestosterone OutcomesPost Training Levels952 ng/dLStandard Deviation 341
p-value: >0.05Chi-squared
Primary

Estrogen Outcomes

Measurements for estrogen will occur on three occasions: prior to the start of supplementation and training, at the end of two weeks, and finally at the end of training.

Time frame: Baseline, 2-week mark, 4-week mark

ArmMeasureGroupValue (MEAN)Dispersion
T+ SupplementEstrogen OutcomesPre Training Levels32.7 pg/mlStandard Deviation 16.6
T+ SupplementEstrogen OutcomesMid Training Levels33.2 pg/mlStandard Deviation 12.7
T+ SupplementEstrogen OutcomesPost Training Levels37.4 pg/mlStandard Deviation 12.2
PlaceboEstrogen OutcomesPre Training Levels31.9 pg/mlStandard Deviation 13.4
PlaceboEstrogen OutcomesMid Training Levels35.1 pg/mlStandard Deviation 16.1
PlaceboEstrogen OutcomesPost Training Levels35.5 pg/mlStandard Deviation 11.3
p-value: >0.05ANOVA
Primary

Free Testosterone Outcomes

Measurements for free testosterone will occur on three occasions: prior to the start of supplementation and training, at the end of two weeks, and finally at the end of training.

Time frame: Baseline, 2-week mark, 4-week mark

ArmMeasureGroupValue (MEAN)Dispersion
T+ SupplementFree Testosterone OutcomesPre Training Levels13.7 ng/dLStandard Deviation 4.5
T+ SupplementFree Testosterone OutcomesMid Training Levels12.2 ng/dLStandard Deviation 3.9
T+ SupplementFree Testosterone OutcomesPost Training Levels13.4 ng/dLStandard Deviation 5
PlaceboFree Testosterone OutcomesPre Training Levels12.0 ng/dLStandard Deviation 3.9
PlaceboFree Testosterone OutcomesMid Training Levels10.0 ng/dLStandard Deviation 2.3
PlaceboFree Testosterone OutcomesPost Training Levels11.6 ng/dLStandard Deviation 3.8
p-value: >0.05ANOVA
Primary

Insulin-like Growth Factor-I Outcomes

Measurements for insulin-like growth factor-I will occur on three occasions: prior to the start of supplementation and training, at the end of two weeks, and finally at the end of training.

Time frame: Baseline, 2-week mark, 4-week mark

ArmMeasureGroupValue (MEAN)Dispersion
T+ SupplementInsulin-like Growth Factor-I OutcomesPre Training Levels166 ng/dLStandard Deviation 69
T+ SupplementInsulin-like Growth Factor-I OutcomesMid Training Levels157 ng/dLStandard Deviation 59
T+ SupplementInsulin-like Growth Factor-I OutcomesPost Training Levels163 ng/dLStandard Deviation 54
PlaceboInsulin-like Growth Factor-I OutcomesPre Training Levels213 ng/dLStandard Deviation 74
PlaceboInsulin-like Growth Factor-I OutcomesMid Training Levels207 ng/dLStandard Deviation 67
PlaceboInsulin-like Growth Factor-I OutcomesPost Training Levels237 ng/dLStandard Deviation 105
p-value: >0.05ANOVA
Primary

Insulin Outcomes

Measurements of insulin will occur on three occasions: prior to the start of supplementation and training, at the end of two weeks, and finally at the end of training.

Time frame: Baseline, 2-week mark, 4-week mark

ArmMeasureGroupValue (MEAN)Dispersion
T+ SupplementInsulin OutcomesBaseline Levels5.70 ulU/mlStandard Deviation 3.42
T+ SupplementInsulin OutcomesMid Training Levels5.68 ulU/mlStandard Deviation 4.51
T+ SupplementInsulin OutcomesPost Training Levels5.52 ulU/mlStandard Deviation 2.3
PlaceboInsulin OutcomesBaseline Levels5.83 ulU/mlStandard Deviation 2.73
PlaceboInsulin OutcomesMid Training Levels5.34 ulU/mlStandard Deviation 2.39
PlaceboInsulin OutcomesPost Training Levels6.51 ulU/mlStandard Deviation 2.67
p-value: >0.05ANOVA
Primary

Sex-hormone Binding Globulin Outcomes

Time frame: Baseline, 2-week mark, 4-week mark

ArmMeasureGroupValue (MEAN)Dispersion
T+ SupplementSex-hormone Binding Globulin OutcomesPre Training Levels28.2 nmol/lStandard Deviation 12.3
T+ SupplementSex-hormone Binding Globulin OutcomesMid Training Levels32.0 nmol/lStandard Deviation 14.4
T+ SupplementSex-hormone Binding Globulin OutcomesPost Training Levels30.3 nmol/lStandard Deviation 13.8
PlaceboSex-hormone Binding Globulin OutcomesPre Training Levels23.5 nmol/lStandard Deviation 10.4
PlaceboSex-hormone Binding Globulin OutcomesMid Training Levels25.5 nmol/lStandard Deviation 11
PlaceboSex-hormone Binding Globulin OutcomesPost Training Levels26 nmol/lStandard Deviation 11.6
p-value: >0.05ANOVA
Primary

Strength Performance Outcomes

Measurement of one repetition maximums strength for all competition lifts included in a standard, ungeared, powerlifting competition (squat, bench, and deadlift). This testing will take place before the supplementation of either T+ or placebo and at the end of the four-week training period. Each measure was only compared within it's own category against the baseline measurement and against that of the other group at the same time point.

Time frame: Baseline measures and 4 weeks from start of study

ArmMeasureGroupValue (MEAN)Dispersion
T+ SupplementStrength Performance OutcomesBaseline Squat119.48 KgStandard Deviation 24.84
T+ SupplementStrength Performance OutcomesPost Training Squat132.47 KgStandard Deviation 26.72
T+ SupplementStrength Performance OutcomesBaseline Bench102.27 KgStandard Deviation 15.75
T+ SupplementStrength Performance OutcomesPost Training Bench108.44 KgStandard Deviation 16.3
T+ SupplementStrength Performance OutcomesBaseline Deadlift157.79 KgStandard Deviation 23.05
T+ SupplementStrength Performance OutcomesPost Training Deadlift171.59 KgStandard Deviation 22.42
T+ SupplementStrength Performance OutcomesBaseline Total379 KgStandard Deviation 58.61
T+ SupplementStrength Performance OutcomesPost Training Total412.5 KgStandard Deviation 60.17
PlaceboStrength Performance OutcomesPost Training Total400.17 KgStandard Deviation 75.03
PlaceboStrength Performance OutcomesBaseline Squat120.45 KgStandard Deviation 29.82
PlaceboStrength Performance OutcomesBaseline Deadlift169.93 KgStandard Deviation 30.07
PlaceboStrength Performance OutcomesPost Training Squat129.37 KgStandard Deviation 28.98
PlaceboStrength Performance OutcomesBaseline Total375.87 KgStandard Deviation 70.07
PlaceboStrength Performance OutcomesBaseline Bench96.33 KgStandard Deviation 22.01
PlaceboStrength Performance OutcomesPost Training Deadlift169.93 KgStandard Deviation 30.07
PlaceboStrength Performance OutcomesPost Training Bench100.87 KgStandard Deviation 21.69
Comparison: This statistical analysis is for the squat one repetition maximum outcomes, only.p-value: 0.38ANOVA
Comparison: This statistical analysis is for the bench press one repetition maximum outcomes, only.p-value: 0.0001ANOVA
Comparison: This statistical analysis is for the deadlift one repetition maximum measures, only.p-value: 0.3ANOVA
Comparison: This statistical analysis compares the outcomes of the total weight lifted.p-value: 0.0001ANOVA
Primary

Total Testosterone Outcomes

Measurements for testosterone will occur on three occasions: prior to the start of supplementation and training, at the end of two weeks, and finally at the end of training.

Time frame: Baseline, 2-week mark, 4-week mark

ArmMeasureGroupValue (MEAN)Dispersion
T+ SupplementTotal Testosterone OutcomesPre Training Levels564 ng/dLStandard Deviation 146
T+ SupplementTotal Testosterone OutcomesMid Training Levels525 ng/dLStandard Deviation 116
T+ SupplementTotal Testosterone OutcomesPost Training Levels548 ng/dLStandard Deviation 148
PlaceboTotal Testosterone OutcomesPre Training Levels473 ng/dLStandard Deviation 129
PlaceboTotal Testosterone OutcomesMid Training Levels415 ng/dLStandard Deviation 90
PlaceboTotal Testosterone OutcomesPost Training Levels475 ng/dLStandard Deviation 129
p-value: >0.05ANOVA
Secondary

Volume Performance Outcomes

During the four weeks, the volume ((weight x reps)set 1+(weight x reps)set 2+ (weight x reps)set 3….. ) will be calculated and measured for each exercise in each lifting session.

Time frame: 4 Weeks

ArmMeasureGroupValue (MEAN)Dispersion
T+ SupplementVolume Performance OutcomesBench27.4 RepetitionsStandard Deviation 6.7
T+ SupplementVolume Performance OutcomesAuxiliary Squat33.1 RepetitionsStandard Deviation 2.5
T+ SupplementVolume Performance OutcomesTotal Squat30.6 RepetitionsStandard Deviation 5.1
T+ SupplementVolume Performance OutcomesSquat28 RepetitionsStandard Deviation 5.7
T+ SupplementVolume Performance OutcomesTotal Weight Lifted30.2 RepetitionsStandard Deviation 6.5
T+ SupplementVolume Performance OutcomesDeadlift32.2 RepetitionsStandard Deviation 7.7
PlaceboVolume Performance OutcomesTotal Weight Lifted28.4 RepetitionsStandard Deviation 6.6
PlaceboVolume Performance OutcomesDeadlift29.9 RepetitionsStandard Deviation 8.1
PlaceboVolume Performance OutcomesSquat26 RepetitionsStandard Deviation 5.8
PlaceboVolume Performance OutcomesBench26.2 RepetitionsStandard Deviation 5.5
PlaceboVolume Performance OutcomesTotal Squat28.8 RepetitionsStandard Deviation 6
PlaceboVolume Performance OutcomesAuxiliary Squat31.5 RepetitionsStandard Deviation 4.9
Comparison: This statistical analysis is for deadlift volume measure outcomes, only.p-value: >0.05t-test, 2 sided
Comparison: This statistical analysis is for auxiliary squat volume measure outcomes, only.p-value: >0.05t-test, 2 sided
Comparison: This statistical analysis is for squat volume measure outcomes, only.p-value: >0.05ANOVA
Comparison: This statistical analysis is for bench volume measure outcomes, only.p-value: >0.05t-test, 2 sided
Comparison: This statistical analysis is for total squat volume measures, only.p-value: >0.05t-test, 2 sided
Comparison: This statistical analysis is for total weight lifted volume measure outcomes, only.p-value: >0.05t-test, 2 sided

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov · Data processed: Mar 4, 2026