Metastatic Beast Cancer
Conditions
Keywords
hormonal therapy, immunotherapy
Brief summary
This phase II trial studies how well exemestane and cyclophosphamide work in treating patients with estrogen receptor (ER) -positive, progesterone receptor (PR) -positive, and human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)2-negative stage IV breast cancer.
Detailed description
Estrogen can cause the growth of breast cancer cells. Hormone therapy using exemestane may fight breast cancer by blocking the use of estrogen by the tumor cells. Low dose cyclophosphamide may also stimulate the white blood cells, including natural killer cells, for instance by decreasing the suppressor (regulatory) T-cells. Giving exemestane with cyclophosphamide may be an effective treatment for estrogen receptor-positive, progesterone receptor-positive, and HER2-negative stage IV breast cancer.
Interventions
DRUGExemestane
DRUGCyclophosphamide
Sponsors
NYU Langone Health
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Patients must have histologically confirmed breast cancer that is ER positive and/or PR positive, and HER2/neu negative and have disease that is metastatic (stage IV) * HER2/neu negative disease determined using commercially available/approved assay in local institutional or reference laboratory, according to American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)/College of American Pathologists (CAP) guidelines (IHC 0-1+ or 2+ with HER2/17 ratio on FISH \<= 1.8). * ER/PR expression performed by standard immunohistochemical assay and classified as ER and/or PR-positive according to ASCO/CAP guidelines (1-100% expression) * Histologic and/or cytologic confirmation of metastatic disease is encouraged whenever feasible, furthermore, if feasible, the biopsy should confirm that the metastatic tumor is ER and/or PR positive and HER2/neu negative. For patients in whom histologic biopsy confirmation and/or assessment of ER/PR/HER2 of metastatic disease is not feasible, it is required that the primary tumor be ER and/or PR-positive and HER2/neu negative. * Measurable disease (RECIST 1.1) or non-measurable (assessable) disease * Patients must have had progressive disease during at least one line of endocrine therapy for metastatic disease or have recurrent disease while or within 12 months of receiving adjuvant endocrine therapy. Prior treatments accepted include a non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor, tamoxifen, fulvestrant or combinations. * Patients taking bisphosphonates for bone disease are permitted to enter the trial, but their bone lesions are not considered to be assessable for response, although they are assessable for progression. * Female or male subjects age \>= 18 years. * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0, 1, or 2. * Patients must have normal organ and marrow function as defined below: * absolute neutrophil count \>= 1,200/mcL * platelets \>= 100,000/mcL * hemoglobin \>= 9g/dl * total bilirubin \<= 2 X upper limit of normal (ULN) \[unless due to Gilbert's disease\] * AST(SGOT) \<= 2.5 X ULN * ALT(SGPT) \<= 2.5 X ULN * creatinine \<= 1.5 X ULN * Patients must be able to swallow and tolerate oral medications. * Postmenopausal status, defined as 60 years and older, being 45 years and older and having amenorrhea x 12 months or follicle stimulating hormone levels within postmenopausal range, OR having undergone a bilateral oophorectomy. * Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document.
Exclusion criteria
* Patients may not be receiving any other investigational agents. * Prior treatment for breast cancer with a steroidal aromatase inhibitor; with the exception of patients who were started on the combination of exemestane with everolimus less than 4 weeks prior to study entry and discontinued everolimus due to poor tolerability. * Presence of life threatening metastatic visceral disease (defined as extensive hepatic involvement or symptomatic pulmonary lymphangitic spread) or uncontrolled brain metastases. * Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Progression-free Survival (PFS) Rate at 3 Months | 3 months | PFS is defined as the time from first treatment day until objective disease progression or death from any cause. Assessment of disease progression based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumor (RESIST) guideline version 1.1 is performed every 12 weeks on study. The percent of participants with PFS at 3 months will be reported. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Response Rate (RR) - Complete Response and Partial Response | 2 years | Complete response (CR) is defined as the disappearance of all target lesions, while partial response (PR) is when at least a 30% decrease in the sum of the diameters of target lesions. Evaluation of response is based on RESIST guideline version 1.1. RR is reported as percentage of participants with a CR and/or PR at 2 years. |
| Clinical Benefit Rate Score | 3 years | Clinical benefit rate is defined as the percentage of patients who have achieved objective response or stable disease for at least 24 weeks. Evaluation of response and disease progression is based on RESIST guideline version 1.1. Response and progression are assessed every 12 weeks. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Exemestane and Cyclophosphamide A treatment cycle is defined as 4 weeks:
One tablet (25 mg) of exemestane and one tablet (50 mg) of cyclophosphamide given daily by mouth until disease progression or unacceptable adverse events.
Exemestane
Cyclophosphamide | 23 |
| Total | 23 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Exemestane and Cyclophosphamide |
|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 23 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 23 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 0 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 23 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 23 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 0 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk |
|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 10 / 23 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 23 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 10 / 23 |
Outcome results
Primary
Progression-free Survival (PFS) Rate at 3 Months
PFS is defined as the time from first treatment day until objective disease progression or death from any cause. Assessment of disease progression based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumor (RESIST) guideline version 1.1 is performed every 12 weeks on study. The percent of participants with PFS at 3 months will be reported.
Time frame: 3 months
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Exemestane and Cyclophosphamide | Progression-free Survival (PFS) Rate at 3 Months | 50.1 percent of participants |
Secondary
Clinical Benefit Rate Score
Clinical benefit rate is defined as the percentage of patients who have achieved objective response or stable disease for at least 24 weeks. Evaluation of response and disease progression is based on RESIST guideline version 1.1. Response and progression are assessed every 12 weeks.
Time frame: 3 years
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Exemestane and Cyclophosphamide | Clinical Benefit Rate Score | 47.8 percent of participants |
Secondary
Response Rate (RR) - Complete Response and Partial Response
Complete response (CR) is defined as the disappearance of all target lesions, while partial response (PR) is when at least a 30% decrease in the sum of the diameters of target lesions. Evaluation of response is based on RESIST guideline version 1.1. RR is reported as percentage of participants with a CR and/or PR at 2 years.
Time frame: 2 years
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Exemestane and Cyclophosphamide | Response Rate (RR) - Complete Response and Partial Response | 26.1 percent of participants |