Venous Thrombosis
Conditions
Keywords
Deep Vein Thrombosis, Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation, Intermittent Pneumatic Compression, Doppler Ultrasound
Brief summary
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) is a life threatening condition and a serious concern among hospitalized patients, with death occurring in approximately 6% of cases. It involves the formation of a clot where stagnant blood flow occurs, predominantly in the deep veins of the legs. Three mechanisms underlie DVT, venous stasis (slowing or stopping of the blood), hypercoagulability (increased clotting) and damage to blood vessel endothelium (damage to blood vessel wall), collectively known as Virchow's triad. Intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) have been shown to improve lower limb blood flow. However, few studies have directly compared the two methods and those that have, have used dated NMES techniques. The objective of this study is to compare the two methods in terms of blood flow, in both a young and an older population.
Detailed description
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) is a life threatening condition and a serious concern among hospitalized patients, with death occurring in approximately 6% of cases. It involves the formation of a clot where stagnant blood flow occurs, predominantly in the deep veins of the legs. Three mechanisms underlie DVT, venous stasis (slowing or stopping of the blood), hypercoagulability (increased clotting) and damage to blood vessel endothelium (damage to blood vessel wall), collectively known as Virchow's triad. Intermittent Pneumatic Compression (IPC) involves the use of an inflatable cuff placed around the limb. This cuff inflates and deflates intermittently in order to squeeze blood from the underlying veins. Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) leads to a contraction of muscles by delivering a series of controlled electrical pulses via skin surface electrodes placed over the motor points of the targeted muscle.
Interventions
Sponsors
Irish Research Council
Galway Clinic
National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Free from any known illness * Between 18 and 40 years of age * Between 55 and 65 years of age
Exclusion criteria
* History of heart/respiratory problems * Pregnancy * Presence of implants, including cardiac pacemakers and orthopaedic implants * History of neurological disorder * History of severe arterial disease or known dermatological problems
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Blood flow measurements from the lower limb | Two hours (plus or minus half an hour) | Doppler measurements will be taken for each of the interventions.The measurement site of interest is the popliteal vein, located at the back of the knee. Peak venous velocity, time averaged mean velocity, vein cross-sectional area and volume flow will be recorded. 3 measurements of each will be taken per intervention. No measurements will be taken within the first minute of the intervention. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Blood pressure | Two hours (plus or minus half an hour) | Blood pressure will be measured throughout the study using an OMRON RX3 Plus digital automatic blood pressure monitor. |
| Heart rate | Two hours (plus or minus half an hour) | Heart rate will be measured throughout the study using an OMRON RX3 Plus digital automatic blood pressure monitor. |
Countries
Ireland
Outcome results
None listed