Early Skin-to-skin Contact
Conditions
Brief summary
In the past decades frequency of cesarean section was increasing. Bonding or early skin-to-skin contact (SSC) starts ideally straight after birth. After vaginal delivery bonding/early SSC is already well-established. After cesarean section this important process starts after termination of operation. A Cochran review analyzed randomized studies and shows positive effects of early SSC. Possible concerns to adopt bonding in the operating room are beside organizational ones (change of established processes) also a different ambiance in the operating room (temperature, light, noise). In a prospective randomized trial, early SSC after cesarean section should be analyzed. Hypothesis Mothers, who have the chance to bond immediately after birth in the operating room, have lower cortisol, chromogranin A and alpha amylase levels as well as higher oxytocin levels. Adaptation of the newborn is within the normal range. Early bonding has a further positive effect on breast feeding, maternal pain processing and mental health.
Interventions
PROCEDUREearly SSC
bonding straight after birth
PROCEDURElate SSC
bonding after termination of operation
Sponsors
Medical University of Graz
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
18 Years to 55 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Age \> 18 years * signed written informed consent * single pregnancy * elective cesarean section (between 7am and 15pm) * Bleeding prophylaxis with Pabal® (carbetocin)
Exclusion criteria
* Age \< 18 years * disabled to give signed written informed consent * Disease of mother or unborn, which could influence the study or makes the study impossible (e.g. severe malformation) * Non elective cesarean * Desire to wean * Desire to leave the hospital within 6 hours after birth * Bleeding prophylaxis with Syntocinon® (oxytocin)
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Change of oxytocin level | before, 0 min and 25 minutes after birth |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Change of cortisol level | before, 0 min and 25 min after birth |
| Change of alpha Amylase level | before, 0 min and 25 min after birth |
| Change of chromogranin A level | before, 0 min and 25 min after birth |
Other
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Post natal Depression (edinburgh post natal Depression scale) | day 4 after birth |
| Bonding behaviour (Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire ) | day 4 after birth |
| Change of pain scores on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) | day 1 and 2 after birth |
Countries
Austria
Outcome results
None listed