Delayed Graft Function
Conditions
Keywords
kidney failure
Brief summary
The purpose of this pilot study is to evaluate concentration-controlled everolimus with low dose tacrolimus compared to early conversion to CNI-free regimen and MMF/MPA with standard dose tacrolimus in de novo renal transplant recipients of ECD/DCD kidneys. Given tacrolimus and MMF/MPA is a widely prescribed immunosuppressive regimen in the United States, comparisons of tacrolimus and MMF/MPA regimens to investigational therapies and treatment regimens are needed. Also, considering the fact that ECD/DCD is a fast growing fraction of donors, evaluation of various regimens' effects on rather delicate ECD/DCD kidneys is necessary.
Detailed description
The purpose of this pilot study is to evaluate concentration-controlled everolimus with low dose tacrolimus compared to early conversion to CNI-free regimen and MMF/MPA with standard dose tacrolimus in de novo renal transplant recipients of ECD/DCD kidneys. Given tacrolimus and MMF/MPA is a widely prescribed immunosuppressive regimen in the United States, comparisons of tacrolimus and MMF/MPA regimens to investigational therapies and treatment regimens are needed. Also, considering the fact that ECD/DCD is a fast growing fraction of donors, evaluation of various regimens' effects on rather delicate ECD/DCD kidneys is necessary. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate concentration-controlled everolimus and low dose tacrolimus compared to MMF/MPA with standard dose tacrolimus at 24 months post-transplant with respect to the composite efficacy failure rates (treated biopsy proven acute rejection episodes (BPAR), graft loss, death, loss to follow-up) in de novo renal transplant recipients. The key secondary objective is to compare renal function of the everolimus treatment arms to the MMF/MPA treatment arm at 12 and 24 months post-transplantation. Renal function will be measured by the calculated glomerular filtration rate (GFR), using the MDRD (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease) formula (20).
Interventions
DRUGEverolimus
One of the immunosuppressants currently being evaluated to replace CNIs in patients with CNI nephropathy is the mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, Sirolimus. Everolimus is a derivative of Sirolimus and belongs to this class of immunosuppressants, therefore, both drugs have similar side effect profile. The half-life of Everolimus is almost half of Sirolimus (Everolimus 30 hours vs Sirolimus 62 hours), which makes its dose adjustment easier although it would require more frequent dosing. In clinical trials, Everolimus has demonstrated its potential role as a safe alternative in minimizing and/or eliminating CNI such as Cyclosporin A and Tacrolimus .
DRUGTacrolimus
One of the immunosuppressants currently being evaluated to replace CNIs in patients with CNI nephropathy is the mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, Sirolimus. Everolimus is a derivative of Sirolimus and belongs to this class of immunosuppressants, therefore, both drugs have similar side effect profile. The half-life of Everolimus is almost half of Sirolimus (Everolimus 30 hours vs Sirolimus 62 hours), which makes its dose adjustment easier although it would require more frequent dosing. In clinical trials, Everolimus has demonstrated its potential role as a safe alternative in minimizing and/or eliminating CNI such as Cyclosporin A and Tacrolimus.
DRUGMycophenolate mofetil (MMF/MPA)
Control Drug
Sponsors
Matthew Cooper
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
Male or female recipients 18-65 years of age undergoing primary or secondary kidney transplantation Recipients of primary or secondary cadaveric, ECD/DCD kidney (defined as follows) Donor whose heart has irreversibly stopped beating, previously referred to as non-heart-beating or asystolic donation Brain-dead donor \> 60 years old Donor aged 50-59 years old with two of the following criteria: History of hypertension Terminal serum creatinine ≥ 1.5 mg/dL Death resulting from cerebrovascular accident Patients who have given written informed consent to participate in the study
Exclusion criteria
Cold ischemic time (CIT) \> 30 hours Patients who are ABO incompatible transplants, or T, or B cell crossmatch positive transplant Patients with a known hypersensitivity to any of the study drugs or to drugs of similar chemical class Non-controlled DCD Donor age \>70 Patients with BMI \>32 at baseline before surgery Pregnant or lactating females Females of childbearing potential unwilling to use an effective means of contraception or are planning to become pregnant Patients with platelet count \<100,000/mm3 at the evaluation before randomization. Patients with an absolute neutrophil count of \< 1,500/mm³ at baseline before surgery or white blood cell count of \< 4,500/mm³ Patients who are recipients of multiple solid organ transplants Patients who have severe hypercholesterolemia (\>350 mg/dL; \>9 mmol/L) or hypertriglyceridemia (\>500 mg/dL; \>5.6 mmol/L). Patients with controlled hyperlipidemia are acceptable Patients who have an abnormal liver profile such as ALT, AST, Alk Phos or total bilirubin \>3 times the upper normal limit Patients who are treated with drugs that are strong inducers or inhibitors of cytochrome P450 3A4, such as terfenadine, astemizole, cisapride, erythromycin, azithromycin, itraconazole, rifampin or lovastatin Patients who received an investigational drug or who have been treated with a non-protocol immunosuppressive drug or treatment within 30 days or 5 half-lives prior to randomization Patients with a history of malignancy of any organ system, treated or untreated, within the past 2 years whether or not there is evidence of local recurrence or metastases, with the exception of localized basal cell carcinoma of the skin Patients who are HIV-positive or Hepatitis C (PCR+ only) or B surface antigen positive Recipients of organs from donors who test positive for Hepatitis B surface antigen or Hepatitis C (PCR+ only) are excluded Patients with a history of severe diarrhea, active peptic ulcer disease, or uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (Hgb A1c \<7.0 %) at baseline Patients who have any surgical or medical condition, which in the opinion of the investigator, might significantly alter the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of study medication, and/or the presence of severe diarrhea or active peptic ulcer Patients who have cardiac failure (e.g. resting dyspnea, symptoms with less than ordinary activity, marked limitation of activity) at time of screening or any other severe cardiac disease as determined by the investigator Patients with abnormal physical or laboratory findings of clinical significance within 3 months of randomization which would interfere with the objectives of the study Patients with any history of coagulopathy or medical condition requiring long-term anticoagulation therapy after transplantation (Low dose aspirin treatment is allowed) Patients with known history of focal segmental glomeruloscrelosis Presence of psychiatric illness (i.e., schizophrenia, bipolar, major depression) that, in the opinion of the investigator, would interfere with study requirements
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Evaluate Concentration-controlled Everolimus and Low Dose Tacrolimus Compared to MMF/MPA With Standard Dose Tacrolimus at 24 Months | 24 months | The primary objective of this study is to evaluate concentration-controlled everolimus and low dose tacrolimus compared to MMF/MPA with standard dose tacrolimus at 24 months post-transplant with respect to the composite efficacy failure rates (treated biopsy proven acute rejection episodes (BPAR), graft loss, death, loss to follow-up) in de novo renal transplant recipients. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Compare Renal Function of the Everolimus Treatment Arms to the MMF/MPA Treatment Arm at 12 and 24 Months Post-transplantation | 24 months | The key secondary objective is to compare renal function of the everolimus treatment arms to the MMF/MPA treatment arm at 12 and 24 months post-transplantation. Renal function will be measured by the calculated glomerular filtration rate (GFR), using the MDRD (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease) formula (20). |
Other
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Incidence of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) (Viremia or Viruria) | 24 months |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| ERL & TAC Concentration controlled everolimus(ERL) & Low dose tacrolimus(TAC) + corticosteroid withdraw
Everolimus: One of the immunosuppressants currently being evaluated to replace CNIs in patients with CNI nephropathy is the mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, Sirolimus. Everolimus is a derivative of Sirolimus and belongs to this class of immunosuppressants, therefore, both drugs have similar side effect profile. The half-life of Everolimus is almost half of Sirolimus (Everolimus 30 hours vs Sirolimus 62 hours), which makes its dose adjustment easier although it would require more frequent dosing. In clinical trials, Everolimus has demonstrated its potential role as a safe alternative in minimizing and/or eliminating CNI such as Cyclosporin A and Tacrolimus .
Tacrolimus: CNI | 9 |
| ERL & TAC --> MMF/MPA Concentration controlled everolimus & low dose tacrolimus --\> mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) at Month 3 + corticosteroid withdraw
Everolimus: One of the immunosuppressants currently being evaluated to replace CNIs in patients with CNI nephropathy is the mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, Sirolimus. Everolimus is a derivative of Sirolimus and belongs to this class of immunosuppressants, therefore, both drugs have similar side effect profile. The half-life of Everolimus is almost half of Sirolimus (Everolimus 30 hours vs Sirolimus 62 hours), which makes its dose adjustment easier although it would require more frequent dosing. In clinical trials, Everolimus has demonstrated its potential role as a safe alternative in minimizing and/or eliminating CNI such as Cyclosporin A and Tacrolimus .
Tacrolimus: One of the immunosuppressants currently being evaluated to replace CNIs in patients with CNI nephropathy is the mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, Sirolimus. | 9 |
| Standard Dose TAC + MMF/MPA Standard dose of tacrolimus + mycophenolate mofetil + corticosteroid withdraw
Tacrolimus: One of the immunosuppressants currently being evaluated to replace CNIs in patients with CNI nephropathy is the mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, Sirolimus. Everolimus is a derivative of Sirolimus and belongs to this class of immunosuppressants, therefore, both drugs have similar side effect profile. The half-life of Everolimus is almost half of Sirolimus (Everolimus 30 hours vs Sirolimus 62 hours), which makes its dose adjustment easier although it would require more frequent dosing. In clinical trials, Everolimus has demonstrated its potential role as a safe alternative in minimizing and/or eliminating CNI such as Cyclosporin A and Tacrolimus.
Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF/MPA): Control Drug | 7 |
| Total | 25 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | ERL & TAC | ERL & TAC --> MMF/MPA | Standard Dose TAC + MMF/MPA | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 1 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 9 Participants | 9 Participants | 6 Participants | 24 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 1 Participants | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 8 Participants | 8 Participants | 7 Participants | 23 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 8 Participants | 6 Participants | 7 Participants | 21 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 0 Participants | 2 Participants | 0 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 9 participants | 9 participants | 7 participants | 25 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 3 Participants | 3 Participants | 2 Participants | 8 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 6 Participants | 6 Participants | 5 Participants | 17 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk | EG002 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 9 | 0 / 9 | 0 / 7 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 8 / 9 | 9 / 9 | 7 / 7 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 7 / 9 | 2 / 9 | 2 / 7 |
Outcome results
Primary
Evaluate Concentration-controlled Everolimus and Low Dose Tacrolimus Compared to MMF/MPA With Standard Dose Tacrolimus at 24 Months
The primary objective of this study is to evaluate concentration-controlled everolimus and low dose tacrolimus compared to MMF/MPA with standard dose tacrolimus at 24 months post-transplant with respect to the composite efficacy failure rates (treated biopsy proven acute rejection episodes (BPAR), graft loss, death, loss to follow-up) in de novo renal transplant recipients.
Time frame: 24 months
Population: Study was terminated prematurely. There was no data analysis performed on the incomplete data set.
Secondary
Compare Renal Function of the Everolimus Treatment Arms to the MMF/MPA Treatment Arm at 12 and 24 Months Post-transplantation
The key secondary objective is to compare renal function of the everolimus treatment arms to the MMF/MPA treatment arm at 12 and 24 months post-transplantation. Renal function will be measured by the calculated glomerular filtration rate (GFR), using the MDRD (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease) formula (20).
Time frame: 24 months
Population: Study was terminated prematurely. There was no data analysis performed on the incomplete data set.
Other Pre-specified
Incidence of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) (Viremia or Viruria)
Time frame: 24 months
Population: Study was terminated prematurely. There was no data analysis performed on the incomplete data set.