Asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Conditions
Keywords
asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD, Albuterol Spiromax®
Brief summary
This is a prospective, open-label, multicenter Phase 3 study evaluating the performance of the Albuterol Spiromax dose counter in patients with a diagnosis of asthma and/or COPD. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the functionality, reliability, and accuracy of the Albuterol Spiromax inhaler integrated dose counter in a clinical setting.
Detailed description
The study consists of a screening/run-in period where, after meeting study criteria, patients enter a run-in period lasting 7 to 14 ±2 days, during which diary and medication compliance, as well as inhaler technique, will be assessed. The run-in period will commence the day following the completion of all screening procedures and will continue through to and include the day prior to the first treatment visit (TV1) such that a minimum of 7 full days of diary data will be collected prior to TV1. The purpose of the run-in period is to assess compliance with a BID dosing regimen and with the completion of the diary entries over a minimum period of 7 days. Patients who demonstrate adequate inhaler technique and who are at least 90% compliant with dosing and completion of the diary on the last 7 consecutive days of run-in will qualify for enrollment into the open-label study. The study treatment period will comprise 6 treatment visits (TV1-TV6) for all enrolled patients except those in the 5-week treatment cohort who will have only 5 treatment visits (TV1-TV5). Patients may continue taking their current asthma or COPD medications throughout the Treatment Period. The patient will return to the clinic on Days 8 (±1), 15 (±1), 22 (±1), and 36 (±1), and then on Day 50 (-2) after approximately all 200 doses have been delivered, or until early withdrawal. The patient will be deemed to have completed the study if at least 90% of the recommended doses contained in Albuterol Spiromax with dose-counter were used. A representative sample (approximately 15%) of patients will participate in the trial for approximately 5 weeks with Day 36 (±1) being the final study visit.
Interventions
Albuterol Spiromax delivers 90 mcg of albuterol base from the mouthpiece per triggered dose. Participants took doses of 2 inhalations each twice a day (morning and evening) for a total daily dose of 360 mcg. The first 45 enrolled participants constituted a subgroup who were dosed for 35 days, while most participants were dosed for 50 days.
Sponsors
Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc.
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
4 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. Written informed consent/assent signed and dated by the patient and/or parent/legal guardian before conducting any study related procedure 2. Male or female (non pregnant/non lactating) patients 4 years of age or older at the time of the screening visit (SV) who are able to understand English 3. Females of childbearing potential (as judged by the investigator) currently using and will continue to use a medically reliable method of contraception for the entire study duration (e.g. oral, injectable, trans-cutaneous or implantable contraceptives or intrauterine devices or double-barrier protection). Females who are not sexually active must agree to use a medically reliable method of contraception should they become active during the course of the study. Women of childbearing potential, or less than 1 year postmenopausal, will require a negative urine pregnancy test at the SV. Female patients will be considered to be of non-child-bearing potential and will not require a urine pregnancy test if at least one of the following apply:a. before menarche; b. more than one year post-menopausal; c. had a hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy, salpingectomy, or tubal ligation; d. has congenital sterility 4. General good health, defined as free of any concomitant conditions or treatment that could interfere with study conduct, influence the interpretation of study observations/results, or put the patient at increased risk during the study 5. Has a physician diagnosis of asthma or COPD with symptoms of bronchoconstriction requiring the use of short-acting β2-agonists 6. Current Therapy: The patient's current asthma/COPD controller treatment regimen has remained stable for at least four weeks prior to the SV 7. Capable of understanding the requirements, risks, and benefits of study participation, and, as judged by the investigator, capable of giving informed consent/assent and being compliant with all study requirements (visits, record keeping, etc) 8. Able to demonstrate satisfactory Spiromax inhaler use and technique.
Exclusion criteria
1. History of life-threatening asthma or COPD that is defined for this protocol as an asthma or COPD episode that required intubation and/or was associated with hypercapnea, respiratory arrest, or hypoxic seizures 2. Culture-documented or suspected bacterial or viral infection of the upper or lower respiratory tract, sinus, or middle ear that is not resolved within 2 weeks of the SV; or that occurs between the SV and TV1 3. Is being treated with a long-acting β2-agonist alone 4. Any asthma exacerbation requiring oral corticosteroids within 2 months of SV and any COPD exacerbation requiring oral corticosteroids within 1 month of the SV. A patient must not have been hospitalized for asthma or COPD within 4 months prior to the SV. 5. Historical or current evidence of a clinically significant disease including, but not limited to: cardiovascular (e.g., congestive heart failure, known aortic aneurysm, clinically significant cardiac arrhythmia or coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular accident), hepatic, renal, hematological, neuropsychological, endocrine (e.g., uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, uncontrolled thyroid disorder, Addison's disease, Cushing's syndrome), and/or gastrointestinal (e.g., poorly-controlled peptic ulcer or gastroesophageal reflux disease \[GERD\]). Significant is defined as any disease that, in the opinion of the investigator, would put the safety of the patient at risk through participation, or which could affect the endpoint analysis if the disease/condition exacerbated during the study. 6. Uncontrolled hypertension (systolic blood pressure \[BP\] ≥160 mmHg or diastolic BP \>100 mmHg) 7. History of any adverse reaction, including immediate or delayed hypersensitivity to any β2-agonist, sympathomimetic drug, or any component of the Albuterol Spiromax DPI or rescue ProAir Hydrofluoroalkane (HFA) Metered-dose inhaler (MDI) formulation. 8. Other
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Dosing Discrepancies Per 200 Dose Cycles: Dose Cycle Not Count | Day 1 - Day 50 | The purpose of the study is to determine if the dose counter on Albuterol Spiromax is counting accurately; accuracy is determined by concordance/agreement between patient-reported Albuterol Spiromax counter readings and patient-reported dose cycles recorded in patient diaries. This outcome measures how often the dose cycle was not counted: the participant completes a full dose cycle (opens the mouthpiece cap, inhales the medication, and closes the mouthpiece cap) but the counter display does not advance (i.e., does not count down) within a dosing session. The discrepancy rate was calculated as number of discrepancies/total number of dose cycles \*200. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Dosing Discrepancies Per 200 Dose Cycles: Dose Cycle Count Up | Day 1 - Day 50 | The purpose of the study is to determine if the dose counter on Albuterol Spiromax is counting accurately; accuracy is determined by concordance/agreement between patient-reported Albuterol Spiromax counter readings and patient-reported dose cycles recorded in patient diaries. This outcome measures when the inhaler counter reading increases, instead of decreases, after the participant has executed the dose cycle (i.e., the ending counter reading is greater than the beginning counter reading within a dosing session). The discrepancy rate was calculated as number of discrepancies/total number of dose cycles \*200. |
| Dosing Discrepancies Per 200 Dose Cycles: Count Unknown Dose Cycle | Day 1 - Day 50 | The purpose of the study is to determine if the dose counter on Albuterol Spiromax is counting accurately; accuracy is determined by concordance/agreement between patient-reported Albuterol Spiromax counter readings and patient-reported dose cycles recorded in patient diaries. This outcome measures when the inhaler counter advances (decreases, e.g., 50 to 48) between dosing sessions but the participant has not knowingly executed the dose cycle (i.e., the counter number at the beginning of the dosing session is less than the counter number at the end of the previous dosing session). The discrepancy rate was calculated as number of discrepancies/total number of dose cycles \*200. |
| Dosing Discrepancies Per 200 Dose Cycles: Count Up Unknown Dose Cycle | Day 1 - Day 50 | The purpose of the study is to determine if the dose counter on Albuterol Spiromax is counting accurately; accuracy is determined by concordance/agreement between patient-reported Albuterol Spiromax counter readings and patient-reported dose cycles recorded in patient diaries. This outcome measures when the inhaler counter counts upwards (number increases, e.g. 50 to 52) rather than downward between dosing sessions but the participant has not knowingly executed the dose cycle (i.e., the counter number at the beginning of the dosing session is greater than the counter number at the end of the previous dosing session). The discrepancy rate was calculated as number of discrepancies/total number of dose cycles \*200. |
| Absolute Value of Total Discrepancy Size Per Inhaler | Day 1 - Day 50 | The purpose of the study is to determine if the dose counter on Albuterol Spiromax is counting accurately; accuracy is determined by concordance/agreement between patient-reported Albuterol Spiromax counter readings and patient-reported dose cycles recorded in patient diaries. This outcome is calculated for each inhaler as beginning counter reading minus end counter reading minus patient-recorded number of dose cycles. The total inhaler discrepancy size is an important measure because it provides the most relevant means of ensuring that the inhaler does not exhaust its supply of albuterol before the counter has recorded the labeled 200 doses. |
| Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events | Day 1 to Day 50 | Adverse events (AEs) summarized in this table are those that began or worsened after treatment with study drug (treatment-emergent AEs). An adverse event was defined in the protocol as any untoward medical occurrence that develops or worsens in severity during the conduct of a clinical study and does not necessarily have a causal relationship to the study drug. Severity was rated by the investigator on a scale of mild, moderate and severe, with severe= an AE which prevents normal daily activities. Relation of AE to treatment was determined by the investigator. Serious AEs include death, a life-threatening adverse event, inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, persistent or significant disability or incapacity, a congenital anomaly or birth defect, OR an important medical event that jeopardized the patient and required medical intervention to prevent the previously listed serious outcomes. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Pre-assignment details
Of the 28 screened patients who were not enrolled, 12 were excluded on the basis of inclusion criteria, 7 patients for exclusion criteria, 4 patients withdrew consent,1 patient was non-compliant, and 4 patients withdrew for other reasons before the baseline visit.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Albuterol Spiromax® The approximate 50-day treatment period consisted of 180 mcg (90 mcg/dose cycle, 2 dose cycles) twice daily study medication administration with Albuterol Spiromax with dose-counter. | 317 |
| Total | 317 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 |
|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Adverse Event | 1 |
| Overall Study | Did not complete 180 doses | 48 |
| Overall Study | Lost to Follow-up | 1 |
| Overall Study | Non-compliance | 1 |
| Overall Study | Other | 4 |
| Overall Study | Protocol Violation | 6 |
| Overall Study | Withdrawal by Subject | 3 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Albuterol Spiromax® |
|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 51.3 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 22.7 |
| Age, Customized 12-64 years | 144 participants |
| Age, Customized 4-11 years | 44 participants |
| Age, Customized 65+ years | 129 participants |
| Disease Type Asthma | 167 participants |
| Disease Type COPD | 150 participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized American Indian or Alaskan Native | 1 participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Asian | 7 participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Black | 35 participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Hispanic or Latino | 25 participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Non-Hispanic, non-Latino | 292 participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Other, not specified | 5 participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Pacific Islander | 1 participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized White | 268 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 178 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 139 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk |
|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | — / — |
| other Total, other adverse events | 15 / 316 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 2 / 316 |
Outcome results
Primary
Dosing Discrepancies Per 200 Dose Cycles: Dose Cycle Not Count
The purpose of the study is to determine if the dose counter on Albuterol Spiromax is counting accurately; accuracy is determined by concordance/agreement between patient-reported Albuterol Spiromax counter readings and patient-reported dose cycles recorded in patient diaries. This outcome measures how often the dose cycle was not counted: the participant completes a full dose cycle (opens the mouthpiece cap, inhales the medication, and closes the mouthpiece cap) but the counter display does not advance (i.e., does not count down) within a dosing session. The discrepancy rate was calculated as number of discrepancies/total number of dose cycles \*200.
Time frame: Day 1 - Day 50
Population: Per protocol population includes all data from randomized participants who have not experienced major protocol violations prior to dosing with at least 180 inhaled doses. Participants in the 35-day subgroup are excluded from the PP population, as they will only have taken approximately 140 doses during the study.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Albuterol Spiromax® | Dosing Discrepancies Per 200 Dose Cycles: Dose Cycle Not Count | 2.05 discrepancies/200 dose cycles |
Secondary
Absolute Value of Total Discrepancy Size Per Inhaler
The purpose of the study is to determine if the dose counter on Albuterol Spiromax is counting accurately; accuracy is determined by concordance/agreement between patient-reported Albuterol Spiromax counter readings and patient-reported dose cycles recorded in patient diaries. This outcome is calculated for each inhaler as beginning counter reading minus end counter reading minus patient-recorded number of dose cycles. The total inhaler discrepancy size is an important measure because it provides the most relevant means of ensuring that the inhaler does not exhaust its supply of albuterol before the counter has recorded the labeled 200 doses.
Time frame: Day 1 - Day 50
Population: Per protocol population includes all data from randomized participants who have not experienced major protocol violations prior to dosing with at least 180 inhaled doses. Participants in the 35-day subgroup are excluded from the PP population, as they will only have taken approximately 140 doses during the study.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Albuterol Spiromax® | Absolute Value of Total Discrepancy Size Per Inhaler | 2.0 discrepancies/inhaler | Standard Deviation 2.88 |
Secondary
Dosing Discrepancies Per 200 Dose Cycles: Count Unknown Dose Cycle
The purpose of the study is to determine if the dose counter on Albuterol Spiromax is counting accurately; accuracy is determined by concordance/agreement between patient-reported Albuterol Spiromax counter readings and patient-reported dose cycles recorded in patient diaries. This outcome measures when the inhaler counter advances (decreases, e.g., 50 to 48) between dosing sessions but the participant has not knowingly executed the dose cycle (i.e., the counter number at the beginning of the dosing session is less than the counter number at the end of the previous dosing session). The discrepancy rate was calculated as number of discrepancies/total number of dose cycles \*200.
Time frame: Day 1 - Day 50
Population: Per protocol population includes all data from randomized participants who have not experienced major protocol violations prior to dosing with at least 180 inhaled doses. Participants in the 35-day subgroup are excluded from the PP population, as they will only have taken approximately 140 doses during the study.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Albuterol Spiromax® | Dosing Discrepancies Per 200 Dose Cycles: Count Unknown Dose Cycle | 0.43 discrepancies/200 dose cycles |
Secondary
Dosing Discrepancies Per 200 Dose Cycles: Count Up Unknown Dose Cycle
The purpose of the study is to determine if the dose counter on Albuterol Spiromax is counting accurately; accuracy is determined by concordance/agreement between patient-reported Albuterol Spiromax counter readings and patient-reported dose cycles recorded in patient diaries. This outcome measures when the inhaler counter counts upwards (number increases, e.g. 50 to 52) rather than downward between dosing sessions but the participant has not knowingly executed the dose cycle (i.e., the counter number at the beginning of the dosing session is greater than the counter number at the end of the previous dosing session). The discrepancy rate was calculated as number of discrepancies/total number of dose cycles \*200.
Time frame: Day 1 - Day 50
Population: Per protocol population includes all data from randomized participants who have not experienced major protocol violations prior to dosing with at least 180 inhaled doses. Participants in the 35-day subgroup are excluded from the PP population, as they will only have taken approximately 140 doses during the study.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Albuterol Spiromax® | Dosing Discrepancies Per 200 Dose Cycles: Count Up Unknown Dose Cycle | 0.17 discrepancies/200 dose cycles |
Secondary
Dosing Discrepancies Per 200 Dose Cycles: Dose Cycle Count Up
The purpose of the study is to determine if the dose counter on Albuterol Spiromax is counting accurately; accuracy is determined by concordance/agreement between patient-reported Albuterol Spiromax counter readings and patient-reported dose cycles recorded in patient diaries. This outcome measures when the inhaler counter reading increases, instead of decreases, after the participant has executed the dose cycle (i.e., the ending counter reading is greater than the beginning counter reading within a dosing session). The discrepancy rate was calculated as number of discrepancies/total number of dose cycles \*200.
Time frame: Day 1 - Day 50
Population: Per protocol population includes all data from randomized participants who have not experienced major protocol violations prior to dosing with at least 180 inhaled doses. Participants in the 35-day subgroup are excluded from the PP population, as they will only have taken approximately 140 doses during the study.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Albuterol Spiromax® | Dosing Discrepancies Per 200 Dose Cycles: Dose Cycle Count Up | 2.46 discrepancies/200 dose cycles |
Secondary
Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events
Adverse events (AEs) summarized in this table are those that began or worsened after treatment with study drug (treatment-emergent AEs). An adverse event was defined in the protocol as any untoward medical occurrence that develops or worsens in severity during the conduct of a clinical study and does not necessarily have a causal relationship to the study drug. Severity was rated by the investigator on a scale of mild, moderate and severe, with severe= an AE which prevents normal daily activities. Relation of AE to treatment was determined by the investigator. Serious AEs include death, a life-threatening adverse event, inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, persistent or significant disability or incapacity, a congenital anomaly or birth defect, OR an important medical event that jeopardized the patient and required medical intervention to prevent the previously listed serious outcomes.
Time frame: Day 1 to Day 50
Population: Safety population
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Albuterol Spiromax® | Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events | Any adverse event | 85 participants |
| Albuterol Spiromax® | Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events | Severe adverse event | 2 participants |
| Albuterol Spiromax® | Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events | Treatment-related adverse event | 7 participants |
| Albuterol Spiromax® | Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events | Deaths | 0 participants |
| Albuterol Spiromax® | Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events | Other serious adverse events | 2 participants |
| Albuterol Spiromax® | Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events | Withdrawn from study due to adverse event | 1 participants |