Advanced Adult Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Non-Resectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Conditions
Brief summary
This phase I/II trial studies the side effects and best dose of tivozanib and to see how well it works in treating patients with liver cancer that has spread to other parts of the body or cannot be removed by surgery. Tivozanib may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth.
Detailed description
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: I. Progression free survival (PFS) at 24 weeks in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine the safety of tivozanib in HCC. II. To determine the overall survival (OS) and clinical benefit rate (complete response \[CR\], partial response \[PR\] and stable disease \[SD\]) by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST). III. To determine the steady state pharmacokinetics (PK) and soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) baseline/change with tivozanib and use modeling to correlate exposure with biomarker change and the primary outcome measure of PFS. IV. To determine the change in viral load (hepatitis B virus \[HBV\] and hepatitis C virus \[HCV\]) during therapy in patients with HBV or HCV associated HCC. V. To determine the change in tumor marker (alfa fetoprotein) with tivozanib therapy is in the effect of tivozanib on several tumor-associated immune response markers. OUTLINE: This is a phase I, dose-escalation study followed by a phase II study. Patients receive tivozanib orally (PO) once daily (QD) on days 1-21. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up every 6 months.
Interventions
DRUGTivozanib (1mg)
Given PO
DRUGTivozanib (1.5mg)
Given PO
Sponsors
National Comprehensive Cancer Network
AVEO Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Roswell Park Cancer Institute
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
SEQUENTIAL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Advanced staged HCC (unresectable and not amenable to local or regional therapy; or metastatic HCC); the diagnosis of HCC should be based on at least one of the following: * Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) consistent with liver cirrhosis AND at least one solid liver lesion measuring \>= 2 cm, with characteristics arterial enhancement and venous washout regardless of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels * AFP \>= 400 ng/mL AND evidence of at least one solid liver lesion \>= 2 cm regardless of specific imaging characteristics on CT or MRI * Histological/cytology biopsy confirming HCC * Patients must have measurable disease per RECIST 1.1 criteria defined as at least one lesion that can be accurately measured in at least one dimension, and that has not been the target of local or regional therapy including transarterial chemoembolization, intra-arterial chemotherapy, ethanol or radiofrequency ablation * Life expectancy of greater than 3 months * Child-Pugh liver function class A * Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) =\< 5 x institutional upper limits of normal (ULN) * Total bilirubin =\< 3 mg/dL * International normalized ratio (INR) =\< 2.0 (unless due to therapeutic warfarin use) * Serum albumin \> 2.8 g/dL * Creatinine =\< 1.5 x institutional ULN * Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) \>= 1200/mm\^3 * Platelets \>= 60,000/mm\^3 * Hemoglobin (Hgb) \>= 8.5 g/dL * Patients must not have any evidence of bleeding diathesis or active gastrointestinal bleeding * Patients must not be known to be human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive * Patients must not have other uncontrolled intercurrent illnesses (excluding HBV or HCV); this includes (but is not limited to) ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements * Sexually active fertile patients (male and female), and their partners, must agree to use medically accepted methods of contraception during the course of the study and for 3 months after the last dose of the study drug * Female patients of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test at screening * Have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of =\< 2 * Subject or legal representative must understand the investigational nature of this study and sign an Independent Ethics Committee/Institutional Review Board approved written informed consent form prior to receiving any study related procedure
Exclusion criteria
* Patients who have had prior anti-angiogenic therapy, including but not limited to sorafenib, brivanib, bevacizumab, or sunitinib * Patients who have had any prior line of systemic therapy including cytotoxic agents or molecularly targeted agents for advanced/unresectable disease; any number of prior regional therapies with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), brachytherapy with yttrium-90 microsphere, intra-arterial chemotherapy, surgery, or ablative therapy are allowed * Prior liver transplantation and on immunosuppression * Known symptomatic or uncontrolled brain metastases or epidural disease * Patient has a corrected QT interval (QTcF) \> 500 ms at screening * The patient is unable to swallow pills or diagnosed with a gastrointestinal disorder that are likely to interfere with the absorption of the study drug or with the patient's ability to take regular oral medication * The patient is pregnant or breastfeeding * Patients with second primary cancer (except adequately treated nonmelanoma skin cancer, curatively treated in-situ carcinoma of the cervix or superficial bladder cancer, or other solid tumors including lymphoma without bone marrow involvement curatively treated with no evidence of disease for \>= 5 years) * The patient has a previously-identified allergy or hypersensitivity to components of the study treatment formulation * Patients receiving any medications or substances that are strong inducers of cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 4 (CYP3A4) are ineligible; moderate inducers of CYP3A4 should be used with caution * Urine protein: creatinine ratio \> 1
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| PFS, Assessed Using Standard RECIST Criteria | 24 weeks | Will be descriptively analyzed using standard Kaplan-Meier estimation along with the corresponding descriptive statistics and 95% confidence intervals. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical Benefit Rate (CR, PR, and SD) by RECIST | Up to 3 years | The number of patients achieving clinical benefit (CR, PR, or SD by RECIST). |
| Incidence of Adverse Events and Toxicities, Assessed Using National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Version 4 | Up to 3 years | Toxicity frequency will be tabulated by grade across all dose levels and cycles for all patients in the safety sample and for the subset treated at the recommended phase 2 dose. |
| Overall Survival Rate | Up to 3 years | Overall survival is defined as the time from treatment until death or last follow-up. |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Antiviral Effects (if Any in Those With HBV or HCV Associated HCC) | Up to 3 years | — |
| Drug Exposure, as Assessed by Steady State PK | Up to 3 years | Associations between drug exposure and response/survival and toxicity by quartiles of drug exposure. |
| AFP Response | Up to 3 years | Defined as an AFP decrease greater than 50%. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Treatment (Tivozanib 1mg) Patients receive tivozanib PO QD on days 1-21. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Laboratory Biomarker Analysis: Correlative studies
Pharmacological Study: Correlative studies
Tivozanib: Given PO | 24 |
| Treatment (Tivozanib 1.5mg) Patients receive tivozanib PO QD on days 1-21. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Laboratory Biomarker Analysis: Correlative studies
Pharmacological Study: Correlative studies
Tivozanib: Given PO | 3 |
| Total | 27 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Adverse Event | 1 | 0 |
| Overall Study | Became Inelligible | 4 | 0 |
| Overall Study | Disease progression | 2 | 1 |
| Overall Study | Withdrawal by Subject | 2 | 0 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Treatment (Tivozanib 1mg) | Total | Treatment (Tivozanib 1.5mg) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 15 Participants | 17 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 9 Participants | 10 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Age, Continuous | 66.2 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.5 | 65.6 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.8 | 65.5 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.4 |
| ECOG Performance Status 0:Fully active, able to carry on all pre-disease performance without restriction. | 14 participants | 16 participants | 2 participants |
| ECOG Performance Status 1: Restricted in physically strenuous, but able for work of light or sedentary nature | 9 participants | 10 participants | 1 participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 1 Participants | 1 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 1 Participants | 1 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 22 Participants | 25 Participants | 3 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 24 participants | 27 participants | 3 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 1 Participants | 1 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 23 Participants | 26 Participants | 3 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 18 / 24 | 3 / 3 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 24 / 24 | 3 / 3 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 15 / 24 | 3 / 3 |
Outcome results
Primary
PFS, Assessed Using Standard RECIST Criteria
Will be descriptively analyzed using standard Kaplan-Meier estimation along with the corresponding descriptive statistics and 95% confidence intervals.
Time frame: 24 weeks
Population: This outcome was only assessed as part of the Phase II study - which was conducted on the Tivozanib 1mg arm.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Treatment (Tivozanib 1mg) | PFS, Assessed Using Standard RECIST Criteria | 58 percentage of participants |
Secondary
Clinical Benefit Rate (CR, PR, and SD) by RECIST
The number of patients achieving clinical benefit (CR, PR, or SD by RECIST).
Time frame: Up to 3 years
Population: This outcome was only assessed as part of the Phase II study - which was conducted on the Tivozanib 1mg arm.~Only 19 subjects were evaluable for the primary or secondary end-points.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Treatment (Tivozanib 1mg) | Clinical Benefit Rate (CR, PR, and SD) by RECIST | 12 Participants |
Secondary
Incidence of Adverse Events and Toxicities, Assessed Using National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Version 4
Toxicity frequency will be tabulated by grade across all dose levels and cycles for all patients in the safety sample and for the subset treated at the recommended phase 2 dose.
Time frame: Up to 3 years
Population: This outcome was only assessed as part of the Phase II study - which was conducted on the Tivozanib 1mg arm.~Only 19 subjects were evaluable for the primary or secondary end-points.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Treatment (Tivozanib 1mg) | Incidence of Adverse Events and Toxicities, Assessed Using National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Version 4 | 19 Participants |
Secondary
Overall Survival Rate
Overall survival is defined as the time from treatment until death or last follow-up.
Time frame: Up to 3 years
Population: This outcome was only assessed as part of the Phase II study - which was conducted on the Tivozanib 1mg arm.~Only 19 subjects were evaluable for the primary or secondary end-points.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Treatment (Tivozanib 1mg) | Overall Survival Rate | 0.40 percent probability |
Other Pre-specified
AFP Response
Defined as an AFP decrease greater than 50%.
Time frame: Up to 3 years
Population: This outcome was only assessed as part of the Phase II study - which was conducted on the Tivozanib 1mg arm.~Only 19 subjects were evaluable for the primary or secondary end-points.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Treatment (Tivozanib 1mg) | AFP Response | 4 Participants |
Other Pre-specified
Antiviral Effects (if Any in Those With HBV or HCV Associated HCC)
Time frame: Up to 3 years
Population: Due to funding limitations, this outcome was not assessed.
Other Pre-specified
Drug Exposure, as Assessed by Steady State PK
Associations between drug exposure and response/survival and toxicity by quartiles of drug exposure.
Time frame: Up to 3 years
Population: Due to funding issues, data were not completed.