Acute Leukemias
Conditions
Keywords
acute myeloid leukemia, AML, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, ALL, leukemia, acute, LDE225, adult patients, relapsed/refractory
Brief summary
The study will evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of two dosing schedules of LDE225 in patients with relapsed/refractory acute leukemia or elderly patients with untreated acute leukemia.
Interventions
LDE225 will be supplied as 200 mg capsules by Novartis. Patients will receive study treatment on an outpatient basis. LDE225 will be dispensed every two weeks for the first four weeks and at the start of every four weeks thereafter, as needed.
Sponsors
Study design
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
* Subjects must have relapsed or primary refractory non-M3 acute myeloid leukemia or relapsed or refractory non-T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia or untreated acute myeloid leukemia in elderly patients. * Performance status of 0, 1 or 2 per WHO classification. * Adequate renal and liver function. * Adequate blood creatine kinase value (CK \< 1.5ULN)
Exclusion criteria
* Allogeneic stem cell transplantation within the last 4 months and/or active graft versus host disease requiring systemic immunosuppressant therapy, or autologous stem cell transplantation within the last 4 weeks. * Patient for which immediate allogeneic stem cell transplantation is the treatment of choice. * Pregnant or nursing (lactating) women. * Active CNS leukemic involvement
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rate of Complete Remission (CR) | at screening, every week up to Week 9, every 2 weeks thereafter until CR, every 4 weeks after CR up to 24 months | Complete Response (CR) was based on the International Working Group (IWG) criteria based on weekly peripheral blood count measurements and bone marrow biopsy/aspiration collection. Efficacy assessments were performed to determine CR. A treatment cycle was defined as 4 weeks. The outcome measure for the study is based on standardized response criteria as defined by the International Working Group (IWG) for AML. The IWG was established by a group of investigators interested in the design and conduct of clinical trials in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The criteria established by this group (a set of recommendations for response assessment) are well established, endorsed by major institutions and Health Authorities, and are widely used in clinical trials. No statistical analysis was planned for this primary outcome. |
| Complete Remission With Incomplete Blood Count Recovery (CRi) | within 3 days after clearance of blasts from peripheral blood (PB), monthly thereafter until CR or reappearance of blasts in the PB, after CR every other month until discontination up to 24 months | The other primary efficacy endpoint was CRi based on the International Working Group (IWG) criteria based on weekly peripheral blood count measurements and bone marrow biopsy/aspiration collection. Efficacy assessments were performed to determine CRi. A treatment cycle was defined as 4 weeks. No statistical analysis was planned for this primary outcome. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Parmacokintics (PK) Parameter: Tmax | Week 1 Day 1,Week 9 Day 1 | Tmax is the time to reach Cmax. The PK parameters were determined in plasma using non-compartmental methods. A PK sample was excluded from analyses if the patient vomited within the first 4 hours following the last oral dose of study drug. Other PK samples were excluded as deemed appropriate by the Pharmacokineticist. Tmax was derived from the PK concentrations collected at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 24 hours post dose on W1D1 and W9D1. The PK concentration at each time point is not an endpoint in the protocol, but these concentrations are used to derive the PK parameters. |
| Overall Response Rate (ORR) | Every 8 weeks for the first 6 months and every 12 weeks until 53 weeks after the last patient is enrolled or until relapse up to 24 months | ORR was the rate of complete remission (CR), complete remission with incomplete blood count recovery (CRi) or partial response (PR) according to IWG criteria. CR, CRi or PR will be assessed through bone marrow biopsy/aspirate and peripheral blood blasts counts. |
| Parmacokintics (PK) Parameter: AUC0-24h | Week 1 Day 1,Week 9 Day 1 | AUC0-24 is the area under the concentration-time curve from time zero to 24 hours done only on 800 mg once a day schedule. The PK parameters were determined in plasma using non-compartmental methods. A PK sample was excluded from analyses if the patient vomited within the first 4 hours following the last oral dose of study drug. Other PK samples were excluded as deemed appropriate by the Pharmacokineticist. AUC0-24h was derived from the PK concentrations collected at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 24 hours post dose on W1D1 and W9D1. The PK concentration at each time point is not an endpoint in the protocol, but these concentrations are used to derive the PK parameters. |
| Parmacokintics (PK) Parameter: AUC0-8h | Week 1 Day 1,Week 9 Day 1 | AUC0-8h is the area under the concentration-time curve from time zero to 8 hours. The PK parameters were determined in plasma using non-compartmental methods. A PK sample was excluded from analyses if the patient vomited within the first 4 hours following the last oral dose of study drug. Other PK samples were excluded as deemed appropriate by the Pharmacokineticist. AUC0-8h was derived from the PK concentrations collected at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 24 hours post dose on W1D1 and W9D1. The PK concentration at each time point is not an endpoint in the protocol, but these concentrations are used to derive the PK parameters. |
| Parmacokintics (PK) Parameter: Cmax | Week 1 Day 1, Week 9 Day 1 | Cmax is the maximum observed plasma concentration after drug administration.The PK parameters were determined in plasma using non-compartmental methods. A PK sample was excluded from analyses if the patient vomited within the first 4 hours following the last oral dose of study drug. Other PK samples were excluded as deemed appropriate by the pharmacokineticist. Cmax was derived from the PK concentrations collected at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 24 hours post dose on W1D1 and W9D1. The PK concentration at each time point is not an endpoint in the protocol, but these concentrations are used to derive the PK parameters. |
Countries
Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Norway, Spain, United Kingdom, United States
Participant flow
Pre-assignment details
35 patients were randomized but only 34 patients received at least one dose of study drug in the LDE225-800 (schedule B ) arm.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| LDE225-400 Patients who were randomized to Schedule A, and received 400 mg LDE225 twice daily for the first two weeks only and after two weeks, received 800 mg LDE225 once daily until disease progression, toxicity, withdrawal of consent, death, discretion of the investigator or early termination of the study. | 35 |
| LDE225-800 Patients who were randomized to Schedule B, received 800 mg LDE225 once daily until disease progression, toxicity, withdrawal of consent, death, discretion of the investigator or early termination of the study. | 35 |
| Total | 70 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Adverse Event | 7 | 6 |
| Overall Study | Death | 3 | 1 |
| Overall Study | Lost to Follow-up | 1 | 0 |
| Overall Study | Physician Decision | 0 | 2 |
| Overall Study | Progressive disease | 22 | 21 |
| Overall Study | Study terminated by Sponsor | 0 | 1 |
| Overall Study | Subject/guardian decision | 2 | 3 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | LDE225-400 | LDE225-800 | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 65.3 Years STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.31 | 67.7 Years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.65 | 66.5 Years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.96 |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 18 Participants | 13 Participants | 31 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 17 Participants | 22 Participants | 39 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | — / — | — / — |
| other Total, other adverse events | 35 / 35 | 34 / 34 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 25 / 35 | 25 / 34 |
Outcome results
Complete Remission With Incomplete Blood Count Recovery (CRi)
The other primary efficacy endpoint was CRi based on the International Working Group (IWG) criteria based on weekly peripheral blood count measurements and bone marrow biopsy/aspiration collection. Efficacy assessments were performed to determine CRi. A treatment cycle was defined as 4 weeks. No statistical analysis was planned for this primary outcome.
Time frame: within 3 days after clearance of blasts from peripheral blood (PB), monthly thereafter until CR or reappearance of blasts in the PB, after CR every other month until discontination up to 24 months
Population: Full analysis set (FAS): comprised of all patients who were randomized to a study treatment.~According to the intent-to-treat principle, patient data were analyzed according to the treatment to which they had been randomized.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| LDE225-400 | Complete Remission With Incomplete Blood Count Recovery (CRi) | 1 Participants |
| LDE225-800 | Complete Remission With Incomplete Blood Count Recovery (CRi) | 0 Participants |
Rate of Complete Remission (CR)
Complete Response (CR) was based on the International Working Group (IWG) criteria based on weekly peripheral blood count measurements and bone marrow biopsy/aspiration collection. Efficacy assessments were performed to determine CR. A treatment cycle was defined as 4 weeks. The outcome measure for the study is based on standardized response criteria as defined by the International Working Group (IWG) for AML. The IWG was established by a group of investigators interested in the design and conduct of clinical trials in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The criteria established by this group (a set of recommendations for response assessment) are well established, endorsed by major institutions and Health Authorities, and are widely used in clinical trials. No statistical analysis was planned for this primary outcome.
Time frame: at screening, every week up to Week 9, every 2 weeks thereafter until CR, every 4 weeks after CR up to 24 months
Population: Full analysis set (FAS): comprised of all patients who were randomized to a study treatment.~According to the intent-to-treat principle, patient data were analyzed according to the treatment to which they had been randomized. No statistical analysis were reported in this study.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| LDE225-400 | Rate of Complete Remission (CR) | 0 Participants |
| LDE225-800 | Rate of Complete Remission (CR) | 0 Participants |
Overall Response Rate (ORR)
ORR was the rate of complete remission (CR), complete remission with incomplete blood count recovery (CRi) or partial response (PR) according to IWG criteria. CR, CRi or PR will be assessed through bone marrow biopsy/aspirate and peripheral blood blasts counts.
Time frame: Every 8 weeks for the first 6 months and every 12 weeks until 53 weeks after the last patient is enrolled or until relapse up to 24 months
Population: Full analysis set (FAS): comprised of all patients who were randomized to a study treatment.~According to the intent-to-treat principle, patient data were analyzed according to the treatment to which they had been randomized.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| LDE225-400 | Overall Response Rate (ORR) | 1 Participants |
| LDE225-800 | Overall Response Rate (ORR) | 0 Participants |
Parmacokintics (PK) Parameter: AUC0-24h
AUC0-24 is the area under the concentration-time curve from time zero to 24 hours done only on 800 mg once a day schedule. The PK parameters were determined in plasma using non-compartmental methods. A PK sample was excluded from analyses if the patient vomited within the first 4 hours following the last oral dose of study drug. Other PK samples were excluded as deemed appropriate by the Pharmacokineticist. AUC0-24h was derived from the PK concentrations collected at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 24 hours post dose on W1D1 and W9D1. The PK concentration at each time point is not an endpoint in the protocol, but these concentrations are used to derive the PK parameters.
Time frame: Week 1 Day 1,Week 9 Day 1
Population: Pharmacokinetic analysis set (PAS): consisted of all patients who received at least one dose of sonidegib and provided at least one evaluable PK blood sample.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LDE225-400 | Parmacokintics (PK) Parameter: AUC0-24h | Week 1 Day 1 | 0 ng*hr/mL | Standard Deviation 0 |
| LDE225-400 | Parmacokintics (PK) Parameter: AUC0-24h | Week 9 Day 1 (n: 7, 6) | 26500 ng*hr/mL | Standard Deviation 6650 |
| LDE225-800 | Parmacokintics (PK) Parameter: AUC0-24h | Week 1 Day 1 | 3110 ng*hr/mL | Standard Deviation 2620 |
| LDE225-800 | Parmacokintics (PK) Parameter: AUC0-24h | Week 9 Day 1 (n: 7, 6) | 24000 ng*hr/mL | Standard Deviation 11500 |
Parmacokintics (PK) Parameter: AUC0-8h
AUC0-8h is the area under the concentration-time curve from time zero to 8 hours. The PK parameters were determined in plasma using non-compartmental methods. A PK sample was excluded from analyses if the patient vomited within the first 4 hours following the last oral dose of study drug. Other PK samples were excluded as deemed appropriate by the Pharmacokineticist. AUC0-8h was derived from the PK concentrations collected at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 24 hours post dose on W1D1 and W9D1. The PK concentration at each time point is not an endpoint in the protocol, but these concentrations are used to derive the PK parameters.
Time frame: Week 1 Day 1,Week 9 Day 1
Population: Pharmacokinetic analysis set (PAS): consisted of all patients who received at least one dose of sonidegib and provided at least one evaluable PK blood sample.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LDE225-400 | Parmacokintics (PK) Parameter: AUC0-8h | Week 1 Day1 | 988 ng*hr/mL | Standard Deviation 542 |
| LDE225-400 | Parmacokintics (PK) Parameter: AUC0-8h | Week 9 Day1 (n: 7, 7) | 9750 ng*hr/mL | Standard Deviation 2830 |
| LDE225-800 | Parmacokintics (PK) Parameter: AUC0-8h | Week 1 Day1 | 1560 ng*hr/mL | Standard Deviation 1230 |
| LDE225-800 | Parmacokintics (PK) Parameter: AUC0-8h | Week 9 Day1 (n: 7, 7) | 7910 ng*hr/mL | Standard Deviation 5090 |
Parmacokintics (PK) Parameter: Cmax
Cmax is the maximum observed plasma concentration after drug administration.The PK parameters were determined in plasma using non-compartmental methods. A PK sample was excluded from analyses if the patient vomited within the first 4 hours following the last oral dose of study drug. Other PK samples were excluded as deemed appropriate by the pharmacokineticist. Cmax was derived from the PK concentrations collected at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 24 hours post dose on W1D1 and W9D1. The PK concentration at each time point is not an endpoint in the protocol, but these concentrations are used to derive the PK parameters.
Time frame: Week 1 Day 1, Week 9 Day 1
Population: Pharmacokinetic analysis set (PAS): consisted of all patients who received at least one dose of sonidegib and provided at least one evaluable PK blood sample.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LDE225-400 | Parmacokintics (PK) Parameter: Cmax | Week 1 Day 1 | 237 ng/mL | Standard Deviation 158 |
| LDE225-400 | Parmacokintics (PK) Parameter: Cmax | Week 9 Day 1(n: 7, 7) | 1640 ng/mL | Standard Deviation 612 |
| LDE225-800 | Parmacokintics (PK) Parameter: Cmax | Week 1 Day 1 | 343 ng/mL | Standard Deviation 275 |
| LDE225-800 | Parmacokintics (PK) Parameter: Cmax | Week 9 Day 1(n: 7, 7) | 1500 ng/mL | Standard Deviation 874 |
Parmacokintics (PK) Parameter: Tmax
Tmax is the time to reach Cmax. The PK parameters were determined in plasma using non-compartmental methods. A PK sample was excluded from analyses if the patient vomited within the first 4 hours following the last oral dose of study drug. Other PK samples were excluded as deemed appropriate by the Pharmacokineticist. Tmax was derived from the PK concentrations collected at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 24 hours post dose on W1D1 and W9D1. The PK concentration at each time point is not an endpoint in the protocol, but these concentrations are used to derive the PK parameters.
Time frame: Week 1 Day 1,Week 9 Day 1
Population: Pharmacokinetic analysis set (PAS): consisted of all patients who received at least one dose of sonidegib and provided at least one evaluable PK blood sample.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|---|
| LDE225-400 | Parmacokintics (PK) Parameter: Tmax | Week 1 Day 1 | 2.13 hr |
| LDE225-400 | Parmacokintics (PK) Parameter: Tmax | Week 9 Day 1 (n: 7, 7) | 1.88 hr |
| LDE225-800 | Parmacokintics (PK) Parameter: Tmax | Week 1 Day 1 | 2.12 hr |
| LDE225-800 | Parmacokintics (PK) Parameter: Tmax | Week 9 Day 1 (n: 7, 7) | 2.02 hr |