Muscle Damage
Conditions
Brief summary
Study Objectives 1. Compare beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate free acid (HMB-FA) to cold water immersion on performance recovery from an acute bout of high intensity resistance exercise. 2. Compare HMB-FA + Cold water immersion to HMB-FA or cold water immersion. 3. Examine the effect of these recovery modalities on markers of muscle damage, inflammation and immune function. Subjects Subjects (men and women, 18 - 35 y) with at least one year of resistance training experience will be recruited. Subjects will be randomly divided into one of four groups: a cold water immersion group (CW), HMB-FA, CW+HMB-FA and a control group (CT). Study Protocol Subjects will report to the Human Performance Laboratory (HPL) on four separate occasions. On the first visit (T1) subjects will be tested for maximal strength \[one repetition-maximum (1-RM)\] on the squat, dead lift and barbell lunge exercises.\] On their second visit (T2) subjects will perform a lower body resistance exercise session consisting of four sets of the squat, dead lift and barbell lunge exercises. All subjects will then report back to the HPL at 24- (T3) and 48-hours (T4) post-exercise. During T3 and T4, subjects will perform four sets of the squat exercise only using the same loading pattern and rest interval length as T2. Following the T2 and T3 workouts subjects in CT will undergo no treatment; subjects in CW will be required to sit in a whirlpool tub for 10-min up to their umbilicus in water at 50° F - 54° F (10° C - 12° C); subjects in HMB-FA will be provided the supplement 30 min prior each workout and CW+HMB-FA will be administered together at time points describe above. Statistical Analysis Statistical evaluation of performance and biochemical changes will be accomplished using a repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Interventions
PROCEDUREcold water immersion
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTbeta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate free acid (HMB-FA)
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTPlacebo
Sponsors
Metabolic Technologies Inc.
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
FACTORIAL
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Investigator)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 35 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* At least one-year of resistance training experience * Free of any physical limitations (determined by health and activity questionnaire). * Between the ages of 18 and 35
Exclusion criteria
* Inability to perform physical exercise (determined by health and activity questionnaire) * Taking any other nutritional supplement or performance enhancing drug (determined from health and activity questionnaire). * Any chronic illness that causes continuous medical care * Taking any type of prescription or over-the-counter medication, having any chronic illness causing you to seek medical care, pregnancy
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Maximal muscle strength | Change from baseline over 48 hours post-exercise. | The 1-RM tests will be performed to assess maximal muscle strength. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Muscle damage | Change from baseline over 48 hours post-exercise. | Serum creatine kinase and myoglobin concentrations will be analyzed as markers of muscle damage. |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Muscle soreness | Change from baseline over 48-hours post-exercise. | Subjects will be asked to rate their degree of lower body muscle soreness using a 15-cm visual analog scale (VAS). |
| Lower body power | Change from baseline over 48 hours post-exercise. | Lower body power during the squat exercise protocol will be measured each repetition with a Tendo™ Power Output Unit. |
| Immune Markers | Change from baseline over 48 hours post-exercise. | Immune (IL-6, IL-10, Macrophage inflammatory protein-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α) markers will be analyzed. |
| C-reactive protein | Change from baseline over 48 hours post-exercise. | The Inflammatory marker, C-reactive protein, will be analyzed. |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed