Stress Urinary Incontinence
Conditions
Keywords
Electrical pudendal nerve stimulation, Pelvic floor muscle training, Transvaginal electrical stimulation, Stress urinary incontinence, Comparative study
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to determine whether electrical pudendal nerve stimulation is more effective than pelvic floor muscle training with Transvaginal electrical stimulation in treating female stress incontinence.
Detailed description
Conservative therapy could be considered a choice of treatment for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) as it seems to have no side effects and causes significant and long-term improvement in symptoms. Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) and electrical stimulation are two commonly used forms of conservative treatment for SUI. PFMT improves the structural support of the pelvis. However, many patients-especially women-have difficulty identifying and isolating their pelvic floor muscles (PFM) and are unable to perform the exercise effectively. Furthermore, patients who can identify the PFM often find that the required daily exercise routine is burdensome. Hence, the primary disadvantage of PFMT is lack of long-term patient compliance. Electrical stimulation (ES) is a non-invasive, passive treatment that produces a muscle contraction. Transvaginal electrical stimulation (TES) has almost no side-effects and patient compliance in published reports is 70-85%. TES will result in PFM contraction by indirect nerve stimulation, mainly by polysynaptic reflex responses. The indirect stimulation and reflexive contraction may be the reason why the effect of electrical stimulation is not as good as that of PFMT when performed correctly. By combining the advantages of PFMT and TES and incorporating the technique of deep insertion of long acupuncture needles, we developed electrical pudendal nerve stimulation (EPNS). In EPNS, long acupuncture needles of 0.40 Х 100 or 125 mm were deeply inserted into four sacral points and electrified to stimulate the pudendal nerves (PN) and contract the PFM. CT transverse plane at the coccygeal apex has showed that the position of the lower needle tip is similar to where (adjacent to PN at Alcock's canal) the Bion device is implanted for chronic PN stimulation. Besides the radiographic evidence, simultaneous records of perineal ultrasonographic PFM contraction, vaginal pressure and pelvic floor surface electromyogram in our previous study have proved that EPNS can exactly excite PN,contract the PFM and simulate PFMT. Our previous study has also proved that EPNS has a good therapeutic effect on female SUI. The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of EPNS to PFMT with TES in treating female SUI.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALElectrical pudendal nerve stimulation
Four sacral points are selected. The two upper points are located about 1 cm bilateral to the sacrococcygeal joint. On the upper points, a needle of 0.40 Х 100 mm is inserted perpendicularly to a depth of 80 to 90 mm to produce a sensation referred to the urethra or the anus. The locations of the two lower points are about 1 cm bilateral to the tip of the coccyx. On the lower points, a needle of 0.40 Х 100 or 125 mm is inserted obliquely towards the ischiorectal fossa to a depth of 90 to 110 mm to produce a sensation referred to the urethra. After the sensation referred to the above regions is produced, each of two pairs of electrodes from a G6805-2 Multi-Purpose Health Device is connected with the two ipsilaterally inserted needles.
BEHAVIORALPFM training
A nerve function reconstruction treatment system (AM1000B; Shenzhen Creative Industry Co.Ltd, China) is used for EMG-biofeedback assisted PFMT.
BEHAVIORALTransvaginal ES
A neuromuscular stimulation therapy system (PHENIX USB 4，Electronic Concept Lignon Innovation, France) is used for TES
Sponsors
Shanghai Institute of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Meridian
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
25 Years to 85 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* SUI history * Positive stress test result * Urodynamically confirmed SUI * Postvoid residual urine volume \<50ml
Exclusion criteria
* Urge incontinence (overactive bladder or detrusor overactivity incontinence) * Neurogenic bladder
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Stress test | 12 weeks |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| A questionnaire to measure the severity of symptoms and the quality of life in SUI women | 12 weeks |
Other
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Pad test | 12 weeks |
Countries
China
Outcome results
None listed