Alcohol Use Disorders, PTSD, Substance Use Disorders
Conditions
Brief summary
Adolescents receiving RRFT and their caregivers will report significantly fewer substance use problems (quantity of use, frequency of use, and abuse symptoms) during treatment and follow-up than control adolescents who receive Treatment as Usual (TAU). Adolescents receiving RRFT and their caregivers will report improvement in empirically-demonstrated risk and protective factors for substance use and abuse at the individual level (e.g., coping) and at each level of an adolescent's ecology (e.g., increased number of positive family activities, reduced family conflict, reduced number of peers who use drugs, improved school attendance, increased involvement in pro-social community activities) during treatment and follow-up than control adolescents who receive TAU. Adolescents receiving RRFT will experience less PTSD symptoms (per youth and caregiver reports) during treatment and follow-up than control adolescents who receive TAU. Adolescents receiving RRFT will report engaging in fewer risky sexual behaviors (e.g., increased condom use, fewer partners) during treatment and follow-up than control adolescents who receive TAU. Changes during treatment in family relations (familial cohesiveness and conflict, satisfaction with caregiver-youth relationship) and parenting practices (monitoring) will mediate changes in substance use. Changes during treatment in emotional reactivity will mediate changes in PTSD symptoms.
Detailed description
See above.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALRisk Reduction through Family Therapy
RRFT is an integrative, ecologically-based approach to risk reduction and treatment. A Stage 1a feasibility trial and a Stage 1b pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluating RRFT have been completed. This Stage 1 work has resulted in a treatment manual, a clinician training protocol, and a quality assurance system. Preliminary findings from these studies are promising, indicating that RRFT can be readily learned and implemented with fidelity, and that it can lead to improvements in drug use and drug use-related risk and protective factors, PTSD symptoms, and risky sexual behaviors.
BEHAVIORALTreatment as Usual
Participants assigned to the TAU condition will receive the standard treatment that a CSA victim would typically receive at community advocacy centers. In addition to treatment that is typically offered at the CACs, this will include a referral for substance abuse evaluation and may include referrals to other agencies in the community. TAU has been utilized as a comparison condition for several behavioral treatment evaluations involving adolescent substance abuse.
Sponsors
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Medical University of South Carolina
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE (Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
13 Years to 18 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* 1\) 13-18 years old; * 2\) Presenting to LCC/HH for evaluation or treatment; * 3\) Report having experienced IPV in their lifetime, including: CSA, defined as forced or unwanted: (a) vaginal or anal penetration by an object, finger, or penis; (b) oral sex; (c) touching of the respondent's breasts or genitalia; or (d) respondents' touching of another person's genitalia; CPA, defined as having been (a) attacked or threatened with a gun, knife, or some other weapon; (b) attacked by another person with perceived intent to kill or seriously injure; (c) beaten and injured (i.e., hurt pretty badly) by another person; (d) spanked so forcefully that it resulted in sustained welts or bruises or required medical care; or (e) cut, burned, or tied up by a caregiver as a punitive consequence; Exposure to Domestic Violence; and being victim of or bearing witness to Community Violence. * 4\) Have a memory of the incident(s); * 5\) Five or more DSM-IV PTSD symptoms; * 6\) Substance use, defined as alcohol or illicit drug use in the past 90 days per self-report and/or urine drug screen or breathalyzer.
Exclusion criteria
* 1\) Previously identified as having a Pervasive Developmental Disability or Moderate to Severe Mental Retardation; * 2\) Actively suicidal or homicidal; * 3\) Reports active psychotic disorder
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| change in substance use problems (initiation/continuation, quantity, and abuse symptoms) | 18 months |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| change in PTSD severity and symptoms | 18 months |
| change in risky sexual behaviors | 18 months |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed