Asthma
Conditions
Keywords
asthma
Brief summary
The overall goal of this proposal is to better understand the basis of airway remodeling in severe asthma and how remodeling changes over time. The investigators propose to study a well-characterized cohort of adult and pediatric subjects with severe asthma using a multidisciplinary state-of-the-art approach.
Detailed description
The overall goal of this proposal is to better understand the molecular basis and structural and physiologic consequences of airway remodeling in severe asthma and how remodeling changes over time. In that context, the investigators propose to study a well-characterized cohort of adult and pediatric subjects with severe asthma using a multidisciplinary approach that includes state-of-the-art morphometric, imaging, and physiologic measurements of airways. The investigators will contrast these findings to those in groups with well-controlled asthma, normal controls, and diseased controls (chronic bronchitis) to identify features that can provide biologic targets unique to severe asthma. The investigators have demonstrated that epithelial hyperplasia, goblet cell metaplasia and mucin production are features of airway remodeling in subjects with severe asthma, and that epithelial remodeling was due to increased epithelial proliferation and decreased cell death. The investigators propose that individuals with severe asthma, in comparison to well controlled asthma, have: (I) increased airway remodeling as evidenced by goblet cell metaplasia and mucin production, (II) greater airway thickness by multidetector-row CT of the chest (MDCT) leading to ventilation defects demonstrated by hyperpolarized helium (3He) MRI and air trapping demonstrated by MDCT, and (III) airway remodeling associated with more severe and progressive airflow obstruction. The investigators hypothesize that the goblet cell metaplasia and increased mucin The investigators have observed in severe asthma are being driven by an IL-13- and EGFR-dependent mechanism that inhibits epithelial cell apoptosis and allows IL-13 differentiation of the airway epithelium into goblet cells (Aim I). The investigators further hypothesize that this remodeling of segmental airways in severe asthma leads to distal ventilation defects and air trapping (Aim II). In an effort to define potential predictors of subsequent decline in lung function in severe asthma, the investigators hypothesize that baseline airway remodeling as reflected by MDCT airway wall area (AWA%) is predictive of FEV1 (post-corticosteroid/bronchodilator FEV1) decline (Aim III). The identification of potential variables associated with remodeling and severe asthma will help identify individuals at risk whom would benefit from specific targeted therapy. The concerted efforts of this project together with the SARP will lead to new insights on the mechanistic basis for severe asthma, further elucidate how it differs from mild-moderate asthma, identify potential targets for intervention, and will provide imaging metrics to objectively evaluate outcomes for new treatments.
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Washington University School of Medicine
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
6 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
1. Physician diagnosis of asthma, 2. Age 6 years and older 3. Evidence of historical reversibility, including either: 1. FEV1 bronchodilator reversibility ≥ 12%, or 2. Airway hyperresponsiveness reflected by a methacholine PC20 ≤16 mg/mL.
Exclusion criteria
1. No primary medical caregiver, 2. Pregnancy (if undergoing methacholine challenge or bronchoscopy), 3. Current smoking 4. Smoking history \> 10 pack years if ≥ 30 years of age or smoking history \> 5 pack years if \< 30 years of age (Note: If a subject has a smoking history, no smoking within the past year) 5. Other chronic pulmonary disorders associated with asthma-like symptoms,including (but not limited to) cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic bronchitis, vocal cord dysfunction that is the sole cause of asthma symptoms, severe scoliosis or chest wall deformities that affect lung function, or congenital disorders of the lungs or airways, 6. History of premature birth before 35 weeks gestation, 7. Evidence that the participant or family may be unreliable or poorly adherent to their asthma treatment or study procedures, 8. Planning to relocate from the clinical center area before study completion, or 9. Any other criteria that place the subject at unnecessary risk according to the judgment of the Principal Investigator and/or attending physician(s) of record.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Lung function | 3 yrs | decline in lung function (FEV1) over 3 yrs |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Asthma Control Questionnaire | 3 yrs | asthma control score (ACQ) |
| Health care utilization | 3 yrs | Health care utilization including ED visits and hospitalizations. |
| Exacerbation | 3 yrs | Exacerbations requiring systemic steroids |
| CT quantification | 3 yrs | CT airway wall thickness, lung density |
| MRI | 3 yrs | Ventilation defects on hyperpolarized gas MRI |
| Morphometric biopsy | 3 yrs | Morphometric analysis of airway biopsies |
| Gene expression | 3 yrs | Gene expression studies of airway epithelial cells |
Countries
United States
Contacts
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORKaharu Sumino, MD
Washington University School of Medicine
Outcome results
None listed