Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Conditions
Keywords
Videophone-delivered stress management intervention, Chronic fatigue syndrome, Symptoms, Neuroimmune processes, Psychosocial
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to test the effects of a videotelephone-delivered patient-partner dual-focused cognitive behavioral stress management intervention on chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) symptoms and related psychosocial and neuroimmune processes in patients diagnosed with chronic fatigue syndrome. Study tests the hypothesis that videophone-delivered patient-partner cognitive behavioral stress management (T-PP-CBSM) intervention improves patient CFS symptoms relative to a videophone-delivered patient-partner Health Information (PP-T- HI) condition.
Detailed description
The study tests the effects of a 10-week patient-partner focused videophone-delivered cognitive behavioral stress management intervention (T-PP-CBSM) intervention (relaxation, stress awareness, cognitive restructuring, coping skills training, interpersonal skills training) versus a time-attention-matched 10-week patient-partner based videophone-delivered health information (T-PP-HI) (health behavior education on nutrition, sleep and other factors) in men and women with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and their partners. The study evaluates the effects of T-PP-CBSM vs T-PP-HI on patient CFS symptoms, neuroimmune processes--diurnal cortisol regulation and immune regulation (pro-inflammatory:anti-inflammatory cytokine ratio (\[IL-1β + IL-6 + TNF-α\]:\[IL-13 + IL-10\])-and psychosocial functioning at 5 months and 9 months after intervention.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALPatient-Partner Videotelephone-delivered Health Information (PP-T-HI)
Ten (10) 90-min sessions of Health Information delivered via videophones
BEHAVIORALPatient-Partner Videotelephone-delivered Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management intervention (PP-T-CBSM)
Ten (10) 90-min sessions of T-PP-CBSM
Sponsors
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
University of Miami
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
OTHER
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
21 Years to 75 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* men and women diagnosed with chronic fatigue syndrome
Exclusion criteria
* no partner * prior psychiatric treatment for serious psychiatric disorder (e.g., psychosis, suicidality) * co-morbidity or medical treatment affecting the immune system * lack of fluency in English
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Changes in Frequency and Severity of CDC-based CFS Symptoms | baseline and 5 and 9 month post-intervention follow-up | Changes in the average frequency and average severity ratings of CFS symptoms as assessed by the CDC Symptom Inventory. Participants rated the frequency (1: A little of the time to 5: All of the time) and severity (1: Very mild to 5: Very severe) of individual CFS symptoms. Greater units on the scale indicate greater symptom frequency or severity. The outcome measure was calculated as a set of two composite scores: 1) Average Symptom Frequency, reflecting an aggregated average of frequency across all symptoms, and 2) Average Symptom Severity, reflecting an aggregated average of severity across all symptoms. Change scores are expressed and calculated as Follow-Up minus Baseline scores for average symptom frequency and average symptom severity. |
| Changes in a Single Composite Product of Average Frequency and Severity Scores of CDC-based CFS Symptoms | baseline and 5 and 9 months post-intervention follow-up | Changes in the composite product of average frequency and severity scores of CDC-based CFS symptoms assessed by the CDC Symptom Inventory. Participants rated the frequency (1: A little of the time to 5: All of the time) and severity (1: Very mild to 5: Very severe) of individual CFS symptoms. Greater units on the scale indicate greater symptom frequency or severity. The composite outcome measure was calculated as the product of Average Symptom Frequency and Average Symptom Severity. Change scores are expressed and calculated as Follow-Up minus Baseline scores for the composite product score. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Anti-inflammatory Cytokines | Baseline, 5 months, 9 months | Serum samples were collected to measure the anti-inflammatory cytokines Interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-10 for neuroimmune function. Units of measure are raw concentration expressed picograms per milliliter (pg/mL). Change values are expressed and calculated as Follow-Up minus Baseline values (using raw values). |
| Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Change in Averaged (2-day) Di-urnal Slope of Salivary Cortisol. | baseline and 5 and 9 month post-intervention follow-up | Changes in salivary cortisol diurnal pattern is measured to determine changes in neuroimmune function. Salivary cortisol diurnal pattern is computed as the natural log of the average within-day slope of change over the 2-day collection period. This measurement is made at baseline, 5 month follow-up and 9 month follow-up. Outcomes are expressed as change in Cortisol Diurnal Pattern (natural log of average 2-day slope values) and expressed and calculated as Follow-Up minus Baseline values (using the natural log of average 2-day slope values). |
| Changes in Psychosocial Functioning | baseline and 5 and 9 month post-intervention follow-up | Changes in psychosocial functioning measured with the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale, and the subscales of the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) for Recreation and Pastimes, and Social Interaction. Greater scores on the PSS indicate greater perceived stress (range: 0-56) and greater scores on the CES-D indicate greater depressive symptoms (range: 0-60). The SIP is divided into 'Social Interaction' and 'Recreation and Pastimes' subscales (ranges: 0-11 and 0-5, respectively), with greater scores indicating greater impact of sickness in the respective domain. Change scores are expressed and calculated as Follow-Up minus Baseline scores. |
| Changes in Neuroimmune Regulation Measured by Ratio of Pro-Inflammatory to Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines | baseline and 5 and 9 months post-intervention follow-up | Serum samples were collected to measure the pro-inflammatory:anti-inflammatory cytokine ratio (\[IL-1β + IL-6 + TNF-α\]:\[IL-13 + IL-10\]) for neuroimmune function. These values are expressed as ratios. Change values are expressed and calculated as Follow-Up minus Baseline values (using ratio values). |
| Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines | Baseline, 5 months, 9 months | Serum samples were collected to measure the pro-inflammatory cytokines Interleukin (IL)-1a, IL-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-a for neuroimmune function. Units of measure are raw concentration expressed picograms per milliliter (pg/mL). Change values are expressed and calculated as Follow-Up minus Baseline values (using raw values). |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Recruitment details
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) and their partners were recruited from CFS physicians clinics and community.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management Patient-Partner Videotelephone-delivered Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management intervention (PP-T-CBSM): Ten (10) 90-min sessions of T-PP-CBSM | 150 |
| Health Information Patient-Partner Videotelephone-delivered Health Information (PP-T-HI): Ten (10) 90-min sessions of Health Information delivered via videophones | 150 |
| Total | 300 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Washout up to 5 Months | Death | 1 | 0 |
| Washout up to 5 Months | Lost to Follow-up | 2 | 8 |
| Washout up to 5 Months | Physician Decision | 2 | 2 |
| Washout up to 5 Months | Withdrawal by Subject | 4 | 8 |
| Washout up to 9 Months | Lost to Follow-up | 2 | 1 |
| Washout up to 9 Months | Withdrawal by Subject | 4 | 2 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Total | Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Health Information |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 22 Participants | 12 Participants | 10 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 278 Participants | 138 Participants | 140 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 86 Participants | 37 Participants | 49 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 214 Participants | 113 Participants | 101 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 2 Participants | 0 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 3 Participants | 2 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 294 Participants | 148 Participants | 146 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 158 Participants | 78 Participants | 80 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 142 Participants | 72 Participants | 70 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 1 / 150 | 0 / 150 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 150 | 2 / 150 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 1 / 150 | 0 / 150 |
Outcome results
Primary
Changes in a Single Composite Product of Average Frequency and Severity Scores of CDC-based CFS Symptoms
Changes in the composite product of average frequency and severity scores of CDC-based CFS symptoms assessed by the CDC Symptom Inventory. Participants rated the frequency (1: A little of the time to 5: All of the time) and severity (1: Very mild to 5: Very severe) of individual CFS symptoms. Greater units on the scale indicate greater symptom frequency or severity. The composite outcome measure was calculated as the product of Average Symptom Frequency and Average Symptom Severity. Change scores are expressed and calculated as Follow-Up minus Baseline scores for the composite product score.
Time frame: baseline and 5 and 9 months post-intervention follow-up
Population: CFS Patients only were analyzed. (Partner data was not analyzed for this measurement)
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in a Single Composite Product of Average Frequency and Severity Scores of CDC-based CFS Symptoms | (Frequency * Severity) Change at 5 months F/U | 1.65 Units on a scale | Standard Deviation 3.37 |
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in a Single Composite Product of Average Frequency and Severity Scores of CDC-based CFS Symptoms | (Frequency * Severity) Change at 9 months F/U | 2.62 Units on a scale | Standard Deviation 3.87 |
| Health Information | Changes in a Single Composite Product of Average Frequency and Severity Scores of CDC-based CFS Symptoms | (Frequency * Severity) Change at 5 months F/U | 1.37 Units on a scale | Standard Deviation 2.38 |
| Health Information | Changes in a Single Composite Product of Average Frequency and Severity Scores of CDC-based CFS Symptoms | (Frequency * Severity) Change at 9 months F/U | 1.10 Units on a scale | Standard Deviation 3.31 |
Primary
Changes in Frequency and Severity of CDC-based CFS Symptoms
Changes in the average frequency and average severity ratings of CFS symptoms as assessed by the CDC Symptom Inventory. Participants rated the frequency (1: A little of the time to 5: All of the time) and severity (1: Very mild to 5: Very severe) of individual CFS symptoms. Greater units on the scale indicate greater symptom frequency or severity. The outcome measure was calculated as a set of two composite scores: 1) Average Symptom Frequency, reflecting an aggregated average of frequency across all symptoms, and 2) Average Symptom Severity, reflecting an aggregated average of severity across all symptoms. Change scores are expressed and calculated as Follow-Up minus Baseline scores for average symptom frequency and average symptom severity.
Time frame: baseline and 5 and 9 month post-intervention follow-up
Population: CFS Patients only were analyzed. (Partner data was not analyzed for this measurement)
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in Frequency and Severity of CDC-based CFS Symptoms | Average Symptom Frequency Change at 5 months F/U | 0.29 Units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.77 |
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in Frequency and Severity of CDC-based CFS Symptoms | Average Symptom Frequency Change at 9 months F/U | 0.49 Units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.8 |
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in Frequency and Severity of CDC-based CFS Symptoms | Average Symptom Severity Change at 5 months F/U | 0.46 Units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.76 |
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in Frequency and Severity of CDC-based CFS Symptoms | Average Symptom Severity Change at 9 months F/U | 0.59 Units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.8 |
| Health Information | Changes in Frequency and Severity of CDC-based CFS Symptoms | Average Symptom Severity Change at 9 months F/U | 0.34 Units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.67 |
| Health Information | Changes in Frequency and Severity of CDC-based CFS Symptoms | Average Symptom Frequency Change at 5 months F/U | 0.12 Units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.55 |
| Health Information | Changes in Frequency and Severity of CDC-based CFS Symptoms | Average Symptom Severity Change at 5 months F/U | 0.41 Units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.53 |
| Health Information | Changes in Frequency and Severity of CDC-based CFS Symptoms | Average Symptom Frequency Change at 9 months F/U | 0.05 Units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.67 |
Secondary
Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Anti-inflammatory Cytokines
Serum samples were collected to measure the anti-inflammatory cytokines Interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-10 for neuroimmune function. Units of measure are raw concentration expressed picograms per milliliter (pg/mL). Change values are expressed and calculated as Follow-Up minus Baseline values (using raw values).
Time frame: Baseline, 5 months, 9 months
Population: Only CFS Patients were analyzed. Partner data was not collected for this outcome measure.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Anti-inflammatory Cytokines | IL-4 Change at 5 months F/U | 0.61 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 3.93 |
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Anti-inflammatory Cytokines | IL-4 Change at 9 months F/U | -0.06 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 3.09 |
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Anti-inflammatory Cytokines | IL-5 Change at 5 months F/U | -0.42 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 3.26 |
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Anti-inflammatory Cytokines | IL-5 Change at 9 months F/U | -1.05 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 4.73 |
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Anti-inflammatory Cytokines | IL-10 Change at 5 months F/U | -1.02 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 10.53 |
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Anti-inflammatory Cytokines | IL-10 Change at 9 months F/U | 1.01 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 10.9 |
| Health Information | Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Anti-inflammatory Cytokines | IL-10 Change at 5 months F/U | -0.77 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 10.3 |
| Health Information | Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Anti-inflammatory Cytokines | IL-4 Change at 5 months F/U | 0.54 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 3.03 |
| Health Information | Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Anti-inflammatory Cytokines | IL-5 Change at 9 months F/U | -0.55 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 3.99 |
| Health Information | Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Anti-inflammatory Cytokines | IL-4 Change at 9 months F/U | 0.37 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 2.27 |
| Health Information | Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Anti-inflammatory Cytokines | IL-10 Change at 9 months F/U | 2.67 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 26.26 |
| Health Information | Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Anti-inflammatory Cytokines | IL-5 Change at 5 months F/U | -0.23 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 4.28 |
Secondary
Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Change in Averaged (2-day) Di-urnal Slope of Salivary Cortisol.
Changes in salivary cortisol diurnal pattern is measured to determine changes in neuroimmune function. Salivary cortisol diurnal pattern is computed as the natural log of the average within-day slope of change over the 2-day collection period. This measurement is made at baseline, 5 month follow-up and 9 month follow-up. Outcomes are expressed as change in Cortisol Diurnal Pattern (natural log of average 2-day slope values) and expressed and calculated as Follow-Up minus Baseline values (using the natural log of average 2-day slope values).
Time frame: baseline and 5 and 9 month post-intervention follow-up
Population: CFS Patients only were analyzed. (Partner data was not analyzed for this measurement)
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Change in Averaged (2-day) Di-urnal Slope of Salivary Cortisol. | Change at 5 months F/U | 0.24 Ug/dL | Standard Deviation 1.19 |
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Change in Averaged (2-day) Di-urnal Slope of Salivary Cortisol. | Change at 9 months F/U | 0.08 Ug/dL | Standard Deviation 1.19 |
| Health Information | Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Change in Averaged (2-day) Di-urnal Slope of Salivary Cortisol. | Change at 5 months F/U | -0.06 Ug/dL | Standard Deviation 1.25 |
| Health Information | Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Change in Averaged (2-day) Di-urnal Slope of Salivary Cortisol. | Change at 9 months F/U | 0.31 Ug/dL | Standard Deviation 1.86 |
Secondary
Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines
Serum samples were collected to measure the pro-inflammatory cytokines Interleukin (IL)-1a, IL-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-a for neuroimmune function. Units of measure are raw concentration expressed picograms per milliliter (pg/mL). Change values are expressed and calculated as Follow-Up minus Baseline values (using raw values).
Time frame: Baseline, 5 months, 9 months
Population: CFS Patients Only were analyzed. Data for this outcome measure were not collected from partners.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines | IL-1a Change at 5 months F/U | 0.39 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 8.25 |
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines | IL-1a Change at 9 months F/U | 0.42 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 6.68 |
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines | IL-6 Change at 5 months F/U | 0.84 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 6.88 |
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines | IL-6 Change at 9 months F/U | 0.43 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 3.61 |
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines | TNFa Change at 5 months F/U | -1.34 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 15.86 |
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines | TNFa Change at 9 months F/U | -2.52 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 14.86 |
| Health Information | Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines | TNFa Change at 5 months F/U | 4.28 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 19.64 |
| Health Information | Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines | IL-1a Change at 5 months F/U | 0.10 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 8.33 |
| Health Information | Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines | IL-6 Change at 9 months F/U | -0.30 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 5.36 |
| Health Information | Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines | IL-1a Change at 9 months F/U | -0.32 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 7.27 |
| Health Information | Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines | TNFa Change at 9 months F/U | -1.05 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 22.87 |
| Health Information | Changes in Neuroimmune Functioning Measured by Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines | IL-6 Change at 5 months F/U | -0.59 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 5.09 |
Secondary
Changes in Neuroimmune Regulation Measured by Ratio of Pro-Inflammatory to Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines
Serum samples were collected to measure the pro-inflammatory:anti-inflammatory cytokine ratio (\[IL-1β + IL-6 + TNF-α\]:\[IL-13 + IL-10\]) for neuroimmune function. These values are expressed as ratios. Change values are expressed and calculated as Follow-Up minus Baseline values (using ratio values).
Time frame: baseline and 5 and 9 months post-intervention follow-up
Population: CFS Patients only were analyzed. (Partner data was not analyzed for this measurement)
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in Neuroimmune Regulation Measured by Ratio of Pro-Inflammatory to Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines | Ratio Change at 9 months F/U | 0.23 Ratio | Standard Deviation 6.98 |
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in Neuroimmune Regulation Measured by Ratio of Pro-Inflammatory to Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines | Ratio Change at 5 months F/U | -0.43 Ratio | Standard Deviation 5.28 |
| Health Information | Changes in Neuroimmune Regulation Measured by Ratio of Pro-Inflammatory to Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines | Ratio Change at 5 months F/U | -0.38 Ratio | Standard Deviation 8.55 |
| Health Information | Changes in Neuroimmune Regulation Measured by Ratio of Pro-Inflammatory to Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines | Ratio Change at 9 months F/U | -1.14 Ratio | Standard Deviation 13.73 |
Secondary
Changes in Psychosocial Functioning
Changes in psychosocial functioning measured with the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale, and the subscales of the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) for Recreation and Pastimes, and Social Interaction. Greater scores on the PSS indicate greater perceived stress (range: 0-56) and greater scores on the CES-D indicate greater depressive symptoms (range: 0-60). The SIP is divided into 'Social Interaction' and 'Recreation and Pastimes' subscales (ranges: 0-11 and 0-5, respectively), with greater scores indicating greater impact of sickness in the respective domain. Change scores are expressed and calculated as Follow-Up minus Baseline scores.
Time frame: baseline and 5 and 9 month post-intervention follow-up
Population: Only CFS Patient's data were analyzed. Partner data was not collected for this outcome measure.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in Psychosocial Functioning | PSS Change at 5 months F/U | -2.57 Units on a scale | Standard Deviation 8.17 |
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in Psychosocial Functioning | CES-D Change at 5 months F/U | -0.44 Units on a scale | Standard Deviation 10.67 |
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in Psychosocial Functioning | SIP Recreation and Pastimes Change at 9 months F/U | -0.23 Units on a scale | Standard Deviation 3.32 |
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in Psychosocial Functioning | PSS Change at 9 months F/U | -0.56 Units on a scale | Standard Deviation 9.07 |
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in Psychosocial Functioning | SIP Social Interaction Change at 5 months F/U | 0.95 Units on a scale | Standard Deviation 3.78 |
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in Psychosocial Functioning | CES-D Change at 9 months F/U | 1.66 Units on a scale | Standard Deviation 12.2 |
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in Psychosocial Functioning | SIP Social Interaction Change at 9 months F/U | 0.23 Units on a scale | Standard Deviation 3.32 |
| Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management | Changes in Psychosocial Functioning | SIP Recreation and Pastimes Change at 5 months F/U | -0.95 Units on a scale | Standard Deviation 3.78 |
| Health Information | Changes in Psychosocial Functioning | SIP Social Interaction Change at 9 months F/U | 0.70 Units on a scale | Standard Deviation 3.5 |
| Health Information | Changes in Psychosocial Functioning | PSS Change at 5 months F/U | -2.84 Units on a scale | Standard Deviation 7.39 |
| Health Information | Changes in Psychosocial Functioning | PSS Change at 9 months F/U | -3.28 Units on a scale | Standard Deviation 8.3 |
| Health Information | Changes in Psychosocial Functioning | CES-D Change at 5 months F/U | -1.36 Units on a scale | Standard Deviation 10.18 |
| Health Information | Changes in Psychosocial Functioning | CES-D Change at 9 months F/U | -3.08 Units on a scale | Standard Deviation 11.21 |
| Health Information | Changes in Psychosocial Functioning | SIP Recreation and Pastimes Change at 5 months F/U | -0.98 Units on a scale | Standard Deviation 2.8 |
| Health Information | Changes in Psychosocial Functioning | SIP Recreation and Pastimes Change at 9 months F/U | -0.70 Units on a scale | Standard Deviation 3.5 |
| Health Information | Changes in Psychosocial Functioning | SIP Social Interaction Change at 5 months F/U | 0.98 Units on a scale | Standard Deviation 2.8 |