Tobacco Use Disorder
Conditions
Keywords
Nicotine, Smoking, Adolescent, Tobacco
Brief summary
This is a two part study. Study 1 will compare Approach Avoidance Training (AAT) responses in smokers and nonsmokers in order to confirm that adolescent smokers experience cognitive bias towards tobacco-related stimuli.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALAAT experiment
Smokers and nonsmokers complete AAT experiment
Sponsors
VU University of Amsterdam
Yale University
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Caregiver)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
13 Years to 18 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Between ages 13-18 years * Able to read and write in English. * Smokers: Smoking 5 or more cigarettes daily for at least 6 months; Baseline urine cotinine levels \> 500 ng/ml * Nonsmokers: Never smokers; Baseline urine cotinine levels \< 50 ng/ml
Exclusion criteria
* Current criteria for dependence on another psychoactive substance * Current diagnosis of psychosis, major depression or panic disorder * Regular use of any psychoactive drugs including anxiolytics and antidepressants unless the medication has been taken consistently for 2 months, is currently being monitored by a physician, and the condition for which the medication is taken is considered to be stable * Pregnant or lactating girls, based on self report.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| automatic approach tendencies towards smoking-related stimuli | at end of AAT at Day 1 | For all AAT comparisons, the investigators will compare median scores (to minimize influence of outliers) for cigarette approach and cigarette avoid RTs. The difference between these values gives the smoking AAT-scores, which the investigators expect to not differ from zero in the non-smokers (or to show mild avoidance), while it is expect that smokers will be faster to approach than to avoid cigarettes. ANOVA models will be used to compare scores in smokers vs. nonsmokers. Regression analyses will be used to explore the relationships between impulsivity-related measures and AAT responses. |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed