Psychosis Not Otherwise Specified, Schizoaffective Disorder, Schizophrenia, Schizophreniform Disorder
Conditions
Keywords
Anti inflammatory, Schizophrenia, Simvastatin, Ondansetron
Brief summary
Negative symptoms and cognitive deficits are two partially-related features of schizophrenia which have a major negative impact on social function and objective quality of life. Standard drug treatments have little impact on either and arguably no effect on primary negative symptoms. Social dysfunction has major economic consequences in both the developed and developing world. There is evidence that anti-inflammatory treatment may have beneficial effects in patients with schizophrenia.
Detailed description
Negative symptoms and cognitive deficits are two partially-related features of schizophrenia which have a major negative impact on social function and objective quality of life. Evidence indicates that anti-inflammatory treatment may have beneficial effects in schizophrenia. From our preliminary randomised double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial in Pakistan and Brazil, it is indicated that addition of minocycline (an antibiotic and anti-inflammatory drug) for one year to treatment as usual (TAU) reduced negative symptoms and improved some cognitive measures (Chaudhry et al 2009). Statins are primarily HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors also anti-inflammatory agents and known to decrease C-reactive protein (CRP). Higher levels of CRP (\>0.50 mg/dl) are associated with marked negative symptoms and higher total PANSS scores in patients with schizophrenia. (Fan et al 2007) Ondansetron, a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 antagonist, is quite commonly used as an antiemetic in cancer patients (Marty et al 1990). There are several small trials suggesting that ondansetron as an adjunct to antipsychotics is effective in improving negative symptoms and memory in patients suffering from schizophrenia (Ahkonzadeh et al 2009, Levkovitz et al 2005 and Zhang et al 2006). The Primary objective of this study is addition of ondansetron and /or simvastatin to TAU for patients with schizophrenia will result in improvement in negative symptoms The Secondary objectives include: * improvement in positive or other symptoms * social functioning * cognitive functions * additive effects of ondansetron and simvastatin
Interventions
DRUGOndansetron
ondansetron added to TAU Ondansetron will be administered in 8mg once daily dose
DRUGSimvastatin
Simvastatin added to TAU Simvastatin 20mg taken as once daily dose
DRUGPlacebo
Placebo added to TAU
DRUGOdansetron plus simvastatin
Ondansetron will be administered in 8mg once daily dose and Simvastatin 20mg taken as once daily dose
Sponsors
Stanley Medical Research Institute
Dow University of Health Sciences
Abbasi Shaheed Hospital
Pakistan Institute of Living and Learning
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
FACTORIAL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. Patients aged 18 to 65 years 2. Patients will be recruited both from inpatients and outpatients. 3. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-IV (DSM-IV TR) diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, psychosis not otherwise specified or schizophreniform disorder 4. Competent and willing to give informed consent 5. Stable on medication 4 weeks prior to baseline 6. No planned medication change 7. Able to take oral medication and likely to complete the required evaluations 8. Female participants of child bearing age must be willing to use adequate contraceptives for the duration of the study, and, willing to have a pregnancy test pre treatment and at ten weekly intervals while on study medication, 9. Not planning to relocate in the next 12 months
Exclusion criteria
1. Relevant ICD 10 organic brain disease or neurological diagnoses (including ECG conduction abnormalities, neurological disorder, or an active seizure) 2. Subjects who will meet the criteria for a DSM-IV TR diagnosis of alcohol or substance abuse (other than for nicotine) within the last month or the criteria for DSM-IV TR alcohol or substance dependence (other than for nicotine) within the last 6 months 3. Any change of psychotropic medications within the previous 4 weeks 4. Pregnant or lactating women and those of reproductive age without adequate contraception
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Negative symptom severity | 6 months | Negative symptom severity as defined by negative syndrome subscale score on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| cognitive functioning | 6 months | 1. Full PANSS and positive syndrome subscale score 2. Clinical Global Impression 3. Functional outcome |
Countries
Pakistan
Outcome results
None listed