Rumination
Conditions
Keywords
Rumination
Brief summary
Rumination is an upper gastrointestinal (GI) disorder characterized by the frequent regurgitation of recently ingested food. Very little is understood about the nature and treatment of this disorder. The act of regurgitation in rumination involves the opening of the upper esophageal sphincter and the muscular contraction of the abdomins rectus. Behavioral treatment of these symptoms is the clinical intervention of choice; however, only uncontrolled case documentation exists to support its effectiveness. However, an effective behavioral mechanism may be relaxation of the muscles. From a behavioral standpoint, muscular relaxation is incompatible with the necessary muscular contraction for rumination. To date, single case documentation and few designed single case studies have examined the clinical effectiveness of behavioral interventions for GI rumination. In the current study, the investigators seek to examine the effectiveness of two behavioral relaxation interventions for GI rumination through a treatment as usual paradigm (proposed N = 20). Our primary goals are to examine the clinical effectiveness of these interventions in symptom reduction at 1- and 3-month follow-up.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALDiaphragmatic breathing
Patients in this arm will be provided training in diaphragmatic breathing, taught its application in habit-reversal paradigm (to use after eating food and if urge to ruminate).
BEHAVIORALMuscle relaxation
Progressive passive muscle relaxation
Sponsors
Mayo Clinic
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. At least 18 years of age. 2. Diagnosis of rumination by RomeIII criteria
Exclusion criteria
1. Active alcohol or substance abuse 2. Presence of a depressive disorder as measured by PHQ-9 score of 10 or above 3. Presence of clinical significant anxiety disorder as measured by GAD-7 score of 10 or above. 4. Severe levels of health focused anxiety as measured by SHAI score of 26 or above. 5. Any medical, neurological, or psychiatric condition that would impair the ability to consent and carry out all study procedures. 6. Any active psychosis or suicidality.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rumination Frequency assessed using Rome III Criteria | 1 month after intervention | Study participants will be treated with diaphragmatic breathing in one arm and muscle relaxation in the other arm. Outcome measure is: Rome III Study Questions Q8: In the last week, how often did food come back up into your mouth? Q10: When food came back up into your mouth, did it usually stay in your mouth for a while before you swallowed it or spit it out? |
| Rumination frequency assessed using Rome III Criteria | 3 months after intervention | Study participants will be treated with diaphragmatic breathing in one arm and muscle relaxation in the other arm. Outcome measure is: Rome III Study Questions Q8: In the last week, how often did food come back up into your mouth? Q10: When food came back up into your mouth, did it usually stay in your mouth for a while before you swallowed it or spit it out? |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Heath Care Utilization | 1 month after intervention | How many healthcare visits would you estimate were related to rumination since you started the intervention? |
| Short Health Anxiety Inventory (SHAI) | 1 month post intervention | Measure of degree to which intervention has impacted health concerns/anxiety. The SHAI is a validated measure |
| Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) | 1 month after intervention | This is a measure of the impact of symptoms on Work, Family, and Social life. Uses a 10 point scale --with categories of mild,moderate severe |
| Treatment adherence | 1 month after intervention | Following question will be posed: Did you engage in the intervention as you were instructed at your training session? The responses will be categorized for themes. |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed