Dyslipidemia
Conditions
Keywords
beetroot juice, nitrate, vascular activity, postprandial state
Brief summary
Increased postprandial lipemia may increase the risk for cardiovascular diseases. An important mechanistic link between lipemia following a high-fat meal and adverse cardiovascular events is lipid-mediated endothelial activation. Therefore, it is important to identify nutrients that can neutralize this acute vascular disturbance. The investigators hypothesize that beetroot juice, a food rich in inorganic nitrate, could improve vascular activity during the postprandial phase.
Interventions
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTBeetroot Juice with oral fat load
140mL (9.6 mmol nitrate) beetroot juice (Beet It, James White drinks Ltd)
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTCarbohydrate control drink with oral fat load
140 mL (low-nitrate) carbohydrate control drink
Sponsors
Top Institute Food and Nutrition
Maastricht University Medical Center
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
MALE
Age
18 Years to 70 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Aged between 18 and 70 years * Quetelet-index between 28-35 kg/m2 * Mean serum triacylglycerol ≤1.7 mmol/L * No indication for treatment with cholesterol-lowering drugs according to the Dutch Cholesterol Consensus * No current smoker * No diabetic patients or individuals receiving antidiabetic medication * No familial hypercholesterolemia * No abuse of drugs * Less than 21 alcoholic consumptions per week * Stable body weight (weight gain or loss \<3 kg in the past three months) * No use of medication known to affect serum lipid metabolism * No severe medical conditions that might interfere with the study, such as high blood pressure, epilepsy, asthma, allergies, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, inflammatory bowel diseases, auto inflammatory diseases and rheumatoid arthritis * No active cardiovascular disease like congestive heart failure or recent (\<6 months) event (acute myocardial infarction, cerebro vascular accident) * Willingness to stop the consumption of foods rich in nitrates 3 weeks before the start of the study. Vegetables such as beets, celery, radishes, turnips and spinach are rich in nitrates * Willingness to give up being a blood donor (or having donated blood) from 8 weeks before the start of the study, during the study and for 4 weeks after completion of the study * No difficult venipuncture as evidenced during the screening visits
Exclusion criteria
* Women * Quetelet-index between \<28 or \>35 kg/m2 * Mean serum triacylglycerol ≥1.7 mmol/L * Indication for treatment with cholesterol-lowering drugs according to the Dutch Cholesterol Consensus * Current smoker * Diabetic patients or individuals receiving antidiabetic medication * Familial hypercholesterolemia * Abuse of drugs * More than 21 alcoholic consumptions per week * Unstable body weight (weight gain or loss \>3 kg in the past three months) * Use of use of medication known to affect serum lipid metabolism * No severe medical conditions that might interfere with the study, such as high blood pressure, epilepsy, asthma, allergies, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, inflammatory bowel diseases, auto inflammatory diseases and rheumatoid arthritis * Active cardiovascular disease like congestive heart failure or recent (\<6 months) event (acute myocardial infarction, cerebro vascular accident) * Use of an investigational product within the previous 1 month * Not willing to stop the consumption of foods rich in nitrates 3 weeks before the start of the study * Not willing to give up being a blood donor (or having donated blood) from 8 weeks before the start of the study, during the study or for 4 weeks after completion of the study * Not or difficult to venipuncture as evidenced during the screening visits
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Vascular activity | Change from baseline at 2 hours after meal consumption | Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Arterial stiffness | Change from baseline at 3 hours after meal consumption | Pulse wave analysis (PWA) and velocity (PWV) |
| Microcirculatory effects | Change from baseline at 3 hours after meal consumption | Retinal imaging |
| Metabolic risk markers related to the metabolic syndrome | During 4 hours after meal consumption | Changes in biomarkers for low-grade systemic inflammation and endothelial activation. |
| Postprandial lipid metabolism | During 4 hours after meal consumption | — |
| Postprandial glucose metabolism | During 4 hours after meal consumption | — |
Countries
Netherlands
Outcome results
None listed