Alanine Aminotransferase, Plasma Level of, Quantitative Trait Locus 1, Hypertriglyceridemia, Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Steatohepatitis
Conditions
Keywords
fatty liver, hypertriglyceridemia, elevated liver enzymes
Brief summary
To explore whether there is a different response to omega-3 fatty acid rich diet with respect to the hepatic fat fraction % (HFF), triglyceride, and ALT levels between the rs738409 minor allele (GG) and the common allele homozygous (CC) of PNPLA3. Hypothesis: We expect that subjects homozygous for the minor allele of the rs73049 SNP will lower their triglyceride, hepatic fat content, and ALT levels more with dietary intervention than the common allele homozygous supplementation.
Detailed description
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is emerging as one of the most common complications of childhood obesity. It is associated with and predicts the metabolic syndrome, independent of overall obesity. Increased ALT levels are associated with deterioration in insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, as well as with increasing free fatty acid (FFA) and triglyceride levels. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and prediabetes increases with the increases in hepatic fat content in a cohort of obese adolescents. Fatty liver, independent of visceral and intramyocellular lipid content plays a central role in the impairment of liver, muscle and adipose insulin sensitivity in obese adolescents. Thus, fatty liver disease may be the hepatic component of the metabolic syndrome. Omega 3 fatty acids lower plasma triglyceride concentrations. The subjects entering the omega diet study will be consuming an omega rich diet that is tailored to their caloric needs. This calculation is based on the patient's weight, age, and gender with the purpose of not modifying their weight at all. Weight maintenance is a very important factor in this arm of the study. They will be on the diet for 12 weeks.
Interventions
OTHEROmega diet
Eligible subjects will receive omega rich diet for 12 weeks with weekly appointments to obtain food records, draw serum samples and provide meals.
Sponsors
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
Yale University
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
10 Years to 19 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* 10 to 19 years of age * BMI equal or greater than the 95th percentile for age and gender * Genotype PNPLA3 CC or GG * Liver MRI Hepatic Fat fraction ≥5.5%
Exclusion criteria
* Food allergy to fish or any components of the pills which include alpha tocopherol partially hydrogenated vegetable oils including soybean oils, gelatin, glycerol, corn or iron oxide * Pregnant or breastfeeding * Known bleeding disorder or coagulopathy or treatment with anticoagulant mechanisms or low platelet counts, abnormal PT or PTT * Impaired glucose tolerance, Type 1 or 2 diabetes * Birth control pills * Alcohol consumption * Other liver disease * Taking any medication that alters triglyceride levels, liver function, blood pressure, glucose or lipid metabolism * Taking over the counter supplements that affect triglycerides or lipid metabolism including fish oil supplements * Treatment for or diagnosis of thyroid disorder or have an elevated TSH at baseline * Use of any antipsychotic medication * Taking chronic anti-inflammatory medications * Less than 100 pounds (45 kg)
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| reduction in hepatic fat fraction | 12 weeks | subjects follow study designed meal plan |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| reduction in triglycerides | 12 weeks | subjects follow study designed meal plan |
| lower ALT levels | 12 weeks | subjects follow study designed meal plan |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed