Energy Excretion, Fat Excretion
Conditions
Keywords
Calcium intake, Fat excretion, Energy excretion, Gut micro flora
Brief summary
The overall purpose of this study is to examine the effect of calcium on fecal fat and energy excretion.
Detailed description
Several reports have found inverse associations between calcium intake and body weight. Few intervention studies have shown that a high calcium diet resulted in a greater body weight loss than a low calcium diet. The mechanism is not clear, but one possible explanation is reduced absorption of fat in the gut, due to formation of insoluble calcium fatty acid soaps or binding of bile acids which impairs the formation of micelles. The aim of this study is to examined for an association between habitual calcium intake and fecal energy and fat excretion, concentrations of substrates involved in energy metabolism, blood pressure and body weight
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
The Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Denmark
Arla Foods
The Danish Dairy Research Foundation, Denmark
University of Copenhagen
Study design
Observational model
OTHER
Time perspective
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 50 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* age between 18 - 50 years * healthy * weight stable within 4 months prior to the inclusion
Exclusion criteria
* pregnant or lactating * uses cholesterol lowering drugs * on diet * suffering from, now or previously, any gastrointestinal diseases * elite athletes * participation in other concomitant trial
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Total fat and energy excretion | 5 days | Total fat and energy excretion in faeces during the test period of 5 consecutive days |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| p-PTH | 1 day | Parathyroid hormone (PTH) |
| Selected genetic variations | 1 day | DNA from blood sample |
| Blood lipids and cholesterol | 1 day | Total p-cholesterol, p-LDL, p-HDL, p-TG and p-FFA |
| p-vitamin D | 1 day | — |
| Gut micro flora | 1 day | Identification of gut micro flora |
| NMR-spectroscopy based metabonomics profiling of urin | 1 day | NMR-spectroscopy based metabonomics profiling of each test subject |
| blood pressure | 1 day | Resting blood pressure |
| calcium excretion | 2 days | Total calcium excretion in faeces and urin during the test period of 2 consecutive days |
Countries
Denmark
Outcome results
None listed