Healthy
Conditions
Keywords
runners, mid-foot strike, fore foot strike, metabolic costs, trained runners (men,women) with a FM strike, shod running, barefoot running
Brief summary
This experimental study will compare impact forces and metabolic cost in runners (N=20; ages 18-45 years, who already use a forefoot strike running gait) in two treadmill running test sessions (shod vs barefoot running)
Detailed description
Specific Aim 1: To identify if differences in metabolic cost exist between barefoot versus cushioned shod FM strikers during an acute bout of running exercise. Hypothesis: The metabolic cost will be higher in the cushioned shod runners with forefoot and midfoot strike compared to the barefoot runners. Specific Aim 2: To identify if differences in peak impact forces exist between barefoot versus cushioned shod runners in forefoot-midfoot (FM) strikers. Hypothesis: Peak impact forces will be higher in the barefoot runners with a forefoot and midfoot striking running style compared to the cushioned shod runners with a forefoot and midfoot striking running style.
Interventions
OTHERrunning with normal running shoes and barefoot
shod condition: normal running shoes barefoot condition: running with no shoewear
Sponsors
University of Florida
Study design
Observational model
CASE_ONLY
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 60 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* trained runners with a running foot striking style of either initial forefoot or midfoot strike. * run on average at least 20 miles/week * be able to run for at least 20 minutes at one session * free of any orthopedic limitation
Exclusion criteria
* history of lower extremity injury within the last 6 months prior to testing * rear-foot strike running style * does not run in a cushioned shoe on any occasion * runs on average \< 20 miles/week * unable to run for 20 minutes or greater * presence of any open wound or deformity on the feet which would prevent participant from running barefoot * neurologic injury that would preclude normal running activity.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Metabolic Rate During Barefoot and Shod Running | Study consists of two visits, approximately 2 hours for each visit | This study will measure the metabolic rate when a person runs on the treadmill with shoes (shod) and without shoes. Each person will run for 20 minutes on the treadmill on two different days, one with and one day without shoes. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Peak Impact Forces During Barefoot and Shod Running | Study consists of two visits, approximately 2 hours for each visit | This study will be measuring the peak impact forces that a runner produces when running on the treadmill with shoes (shod) and without shoes. Each person will run for 20 minutes on the treadmill on two different days, one with and one day without shoes. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Mid-Forefoot Striking in Shod Versus Barefoot Runners trained runners (men,women) with a FM strike (verified in the lab) | 22 |
| Total | 22 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 |
|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Withdrawal by Subject | 1 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Mid-Forefoot Striking in Shod Versus Barefoot Runners |
|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 30 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.9 |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 22 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 6 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 16 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk |
|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | — / — |
| other Total, other adverse events | 1 / 22 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 22 |
Outcome results
Primary
Metabolic Rate During Barefoot and Shod Running
This study will measure the metabolic rate when a person runs on the treadmill with shoes (shod) and without shoes. Each person will run for 20 minutes on the treadmill on two different days, one with and one day without shoes.
Time frame: Study consists of two visits, approximately 2 hours for each visit
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mid-Forefoot Striking in Shod Versus Barefoot Runners | Metabolic Rate During Barefoot and Shod Running | Metabolic rate shod running | 57.8 kilojoules per minute | Standard Deviation 7.8 |
| Mid-Forefoot Striking in Shod Versus Barefoot Runners | Metabolic Rate During Barefoot and Shod Running | Metabolic rate barefoot running | 57.5 kilojoules per minute | Standard Deviation 8.4 |
Secondary
Peak Impact Forces During Barefoot and Shod Running
This study will be measuring the peak impact forces that a runner produces when running on the treadmill with shoes (shod) and without shoes. Each person will run for 20 minutes on the treadmill on two different days, one with and one day without shoes.
Time frame: Study consists of two visits, approximately 2 hours for each visit
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mid-Forefoot Striking in Shod Versus Barefoot Runners | Peak Impact Forces During Barefoot and Shod Running | Peak Impact forces during shod running | 1756 Newtons | Standard Deviation 310 |
| Mid-Forefoot Striking in Shod Versus Barefoot Runners | Peak Impact Forces During Barefoot and Shod Running | Peak impact during barefoot running | 1703 Newtons | Standard Deviation 285 |