Anxiety, Pain
Conditions
Brief summary
The investigators hypothesized that self-selected music played during electrodiagnosis is effective in relieving the discomfort caused by the procedures.
Interventions
Investigators played self-selected background music in the music group
Sponsors
Study design
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Investigators recruited volunteer patient participants from patients referred to the electrodiagnosis laboratory of Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation in a medical center using convenient sampling. The inclusion criterion is: * adult patient with working diagnosis of possible neurological disorder and * is referred for both nerve conduction study and needle electromyography
Exclusion criteria
The
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Pain (Visual Analogue Scale) | baseline and after needle electromyography, to measure the change of pain |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Anxiety, assessed by Linear Analogue Anxiety Scale (LAAS) | baseline and after electromyography |
Countries
Taiwan