Healthy
Conditions
Keywords
Norm values, semi-automated kinetic perimetry, isopters, mathematical model, luminance, test-retest reliability, deviation, age dependance, different age groups, Healthy subjects
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to determine normal values of the visual field (VF), corrected for age- and reaction time (RT) using the Octopus 900 perimeter and semi-automated kinetic perimetry (SKP).
Interventions
DEVICEOctopus 900 perimeter (Haag Streit AG, Koeniz, Switzerland)
We used the following six combinations of Goldmann8,1 stimulus size, stimulus luminance and angular velocity: V4e (64mm², 103', 320cd/m²) at 5°/s, III4e (4mm², 25.7', 320cd/m²) at 5°/s, I4e (0.25mm², 6.45', 320cd/m²) at 2°/s (for the assessment of the blind spot), I3e (0.25mm², 6.45', 100cd/m²) at 5°/s, I2e (0.25mm², 6.45', 32cd/m²) at 3°/s, I1e (0.25mm², 6.45', 10cd/m²) at 3°/s, I1a (0.25mm², 6.45', 4cd/m²) at 2°/s . The peripheral five isopters, consisting of 24 vectors (every 15° meridian), were presented in random order, while the innermost isopter (I1a) consisted of 12 vectors (every 30° meridian)
Sponsors
Haag-Streit AG
University Hospital Tuebingen
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
DIAGNOSTIC
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
11 Years to 79 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* maximum spherical ametropia ± 6 Diopters (D) * maximum cylindrical ametropia ± 2 D * distant visual acuity ≥ 1.0 logMAR \[20/20\] for subjects up to 60 years, ≥ 0.8 logMAR \[20/25\] for subjects from 61-70 years, ≥ 0.63 logMAR \[20/30\] for subjects older than 70 years * isocoria, pupil diameter \> 3mm * intraocular pressure (air pulse tonometer) ≤ 21mmHg * normal anterior segments * ocular fundus: normal appearance of the cup to disc ratio (CDR) ≤ 0.5, interocular difference of CDR \< 0.3 * normal macular region, vessels, and peripheral retinal examination (with undilated pupils).
Exclusion criteria
* amblyopia * strabismus * ocular motility disorder * diseases of the retina * glaucoma, glaucoma suspect * macular degeneration * IOP \> 21 mmHg * abnormal color vision test (ISPP - Ishihara and Standard Pseudoisochromatic Plates = SPP) * history or findings of other neuro-ophthalmological disease * relevant opacities of the central refractive media (cornea, lens, vitreous body) * use of miotic drugs * intraocular surgery (except uncomplicated cataract surgery, more than three months previous to testing) * kerato-refractive surgery (LASIK) * drugs influencing reaction time * drugs indicating severe general diseases (anti-diabetic pharmaceuticals and anti-hypertensive medication were allowed for subjects older than 70 years) * mental diseases (for example psychosis) * pregnancy, nursing * acute infections * heavy smoking (\>10 cigarettes /day) * alcohol abuse * diabetic retinopathy * coronary heart disease * stroke * migraine * Raynaud's syndrome * suspected lack of compliance
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Measurement of the full Visual Field using semi-automated kinetic perimetry. | one day | additional a subgroup of 14 participants were tested at 3 separate sessions within 4 weeks. |
Countries
Germany
Outcome results
None listed