Skin Cancer
Conditions
Keywords
Melanoma, Basal Cell Carcinoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to determine whether a skin cancer prevention website is effective at reduce female teenagers' desire to use indoor tanning and ultimately their use of indoor tanning over an 18 month period.
Detailed description
The project is designed to improve the understanding of, and ability to affect UV risk behavior in teenage populations. The International Agency for Research in Cancer classifies indoor tanning as carcinogenic to humans. There is evidence that female indoor tanning use increases dramatically from freshman to senior years of high school (e.g., 25-40% of older high school girls) making high school a critical time period for anti-tanning interventions to be carried out. This proposal assesses the effectiveness of a skin cancer prevention website for a nationally representative sample of high school teens in a randomized controlled trial. Teens exposed to the website will report reduced indoor tanning intentions, frequency and overall percentage of users while increasing sun protective behaviors at long-term (i.e 18 month) follow-up.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALAppearance-Focused Website Intervention
The intervention is a teen-friendly website with information concerning the health and appearance effects of indoor tanning.
BEHAVIORALControl Website
The control website contains information about alcohol and drug abuse which is oriented for a teen audience.
Sponsors
East Tennessee State University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Investigator)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
12 Years to 18 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Teenager between 12 and 18 years old; has either indoor tanned in the past year or has indicated their intentions to indoor tan in the coming year.
Exclusion criteria
* None other than not meeting inclusion criteria.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Indoor Tanning Behavior | 12 months | Self-report measure of the number of times the teenager has indoor tanned over 12 month time period. The self-report measure has been validated in previous studies. |
| Indoor Tanning Intentions | 12 months | A validated measure of the teenagers intentions to use indoor tanning in the next 12 months. Indoor tanning intentions are measured on a scale that ranges from 1 (definitely do not intend to indoor tan; better) to 7 (definitely do intend to indoor tan; worse). |
| Indoor Tanning Willingness | 12 months | Scale that measures adolescents willingness to indoor tan in the future. Indoor tanning willingness is measured on a scale that ranges from 1 (definitely not willing; better) to 7 (definitely willing; worse). |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Appearance-Focused Website Intervention This is a Internet-based appearance-focused prevention intervention based on the Behavioral Alternatives Model. Appearance-Focused Website Intervention: The intervention is a teen-friendly website with information concerning the health and appearance effects of indoor tanning. | 214 |
| Control Website Control participants viewed an Internet site designed to provide drug and alcohol education for teens. Control Website: The control website contains information about alcohol and drug abuse which is oriented for a teen audience. | 229 |
| Total | 443 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Total | Control Website | Appearance-Focused Website Intervention |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 15.21 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.89 | 15.24 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.91 | 15.19 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.89 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 54 Participants | 28 Participants | 26 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 389 Participants | 201 Participants | 188 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Indoor Tanning Attitudes Scale | 9.50 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.35 | 9.34 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.35 | 9.67 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.35 |
| Indoor Tanning Frequency | 6.14 Indoor tanning sessions STANDARD_DEVIATION 24.11 | 5.94 Indoor tanning sessions STANDARD_DEVIATION 23.01 | 6.36 Indoor tanning sessions STANDARD_DEVIATION 25.29 |
| Indoor Tanning Intentions Scale | 3.93 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.01 | 3.74 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.01 | 4.14 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 2 |
| Indoor Tanning Skin Damage Susceptibility Scale | 19.00 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.71 | 19.20 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.61 | 18.79 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.81 |
| Indoor Tanning Social Approval Scale | 11.59 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.74 | 11.23 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.87 | 11.99 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.54 |
| Indoor Tanning Willingness Scale | 4.60 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.88 | 4.55 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.85 | 4.66 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.92 |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 443 participants | 229 participants | 214 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 443 Participants | 229 Participants | 214 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | — / — | — / — |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 182 | 0 / 206 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 182 | 0 / 206 |
Outcome results
Primary
Indoor Tanning Behavior
Self-report measure of the number of times the teenager has indoor tanned over 12 month time period. The self-report measure has been validated in previous studies.
Time frame: 12 months
Population: Adolescent females aged 12-18 years old who expressed interest in indoor tanning in the future.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Appearance-Focused Website Intervention | Indoor Tanning Behavior | 5.29 Indoor tanning sessions over past year | Standard Deviation 14.89 |
| Control Website | Indoor Tanning Behavior | 6.30 Indoor tanning sessions over past year | Standard Deviation 16.08 |
p-value: 0.633Mixed Models Analysis
Primary
Indoor Tanning Intentions
A validated measure of the teenagers intentions to use indoor tanning in the next 12 months. Indoor tanning intentions are measured on a scale that ranges from 1 (definitely do not intend to indoor tan; better) to 7 (definitely do intend to indoor tan; worse).
Time frame: 12 months
Population: Adolescent females aged 12-18 years old who expressed interest in indoor tanning in the next year.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Appearance-Focused Website Intervention | Indoor Tanning Intentions | 2.91 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 1.96 |
| Control Website | Indoor Tanning Intentions | 3.28 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 2.1 |
p-value: 0.001Mixed Models Analysis
Primary
Indoor Tanning Willingness
Scale that measures adolescents willingness to indoor tan in the future. Indoor tanning willingness is measured on a scale that ranges from 1 (definitely not willing; better) to 7 (definitely willing; worse).
Time frame: 12 months
Population: Adolescent females aged 12-18 years old that expressed interest in indoor tanning in the future.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Appearance-Focused Website Intervention | Indoor Tanning Willingness | 3.34 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 2.16 |
| Control Website | Indoor Tanning Willingness | 3.73 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 62.22 |
p-value: 0.018Mixed Models Analysis