Castration Levels of Testosterone, Castration-Resistant Prostate Carcinoma, Lymphadenopathy, Metastatic Prostate Carcinoma, Prostate Adenocarcinoma, Prostate Carcinoma Metastatic in the Bone, Prostate Small Cell Carcinoma
Conditions
Brief summary
This partially randomized phase I/II trial studies cabazitaxel with or without carboplatin in treating patients with previously treated prostate cancer that has spread to other areas of the body and does not respond to treatment with hormones. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as cabazitaxel and carboplatin, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. It is not yet known whether giving cabazitaxel alone or with carboplatin is more effective in treating prostate cancer.
Detailed description
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine the maximum tolerated dosage (MTD) of cabazitaxel-carboplatin in the phase I portion of the study. II. To evaluate progression free survival achieved with cabazitaxel-carboplatin versus cabazitaxel alone in men with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) in the phase II portion of the study. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. To assess prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response rate (percentage of patients with \> 50 % decline). II. To correlate changes in bone specific alkaline phosphatase and urine n-telopeptides with response. III. To evaluate overall survival. IV. To evaluate safety and toxicity. V. To evaluate influence of the anaplastic phenotype on response to therapy. VI. To collect and archive serum, plasma, and urine samples in study patients for later hypothesis generating associations. OUTLINE: This is a phase I, dose-escalation study followed by a randomized phase II study. PHASE I: Patients receive cabazitaxel intravenously (IV) over 60-90 minutes and carboplatin IV over 60-90 minutes on day 1. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 10 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. PHASE II: Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms. ARM I: Patients receive cabazitaxel IV over 60-90 minutes on day 1. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 10 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. ARM II: Patients receive cabazitaxel IV over 60-90 minutes and carboplatin IV over 60-90 minutes on day 1. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 10 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up every 6 months.
Interventions
DRUGCabazitaxel
Given IV
DRUGCarboplatin
Given IV
OTHERLaboratory Biomarker Analysis
Correlative studies
Sponsors
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
MALE
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Histologic evidence of prostate adenocarcinoma * In addition to patients with adenocarcinoma, patients with anaplastic features are also eligible as defined by at least one of the following: a) histologic evidence of small cell prostate cancer (patients with small cell carcinoma on histology are not required to demonstrate castration-resistant progression); b) any of the following metastatic presentations: (i) exclusive visceral metastases; (ii) radiographically predominant lytic bone metastases identified by plain X-ray or computed tomography (CT) scan; (iii) bulky (\>= 5 cm in longest dimension) lymphadenopathy (iv) bulky (\>= 5 cm) tumor mass in the prostate/pelvis (v) low PSA (=\< 10 ng/ml) at initial presentation (prior to androgen ablation or at symptomatic progression in the castrate-setting) plus high volume (\>= 20) bone metastases; (vi) elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (\>= 2 x ULN) or elevated serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (\>= 2 x upper limit of normal \[ULN\]) in the absence of other etiologies; (vii) short interval (=\< 180 days) to castrate-resistant progression following initiation of hormonal therapy * Castration-resistant prostate cancer; patients must have surgical or ongoing chemical castration (with luteinizing-hormone-releasing hormone \[LHRH\] agonists or LHRH antagonists), with a baseline testosterone level \< 50 ng/dL * Metastatic disease; patients must have evidence for metastatic prostate cancer by bone scan and/or CT/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (i.e., soft tissue, visceral, lymph node); if lymph node, visceral and/or soft-tissue metastases are the only evidence of metastasis, at least one lesion must be \>= 1.5 cm in diameter * Patients may have received prior treatment with androgen ablative therapies (such as bicalutamide, ketoconazole, diethylstilbestrol \[DES\], abiraterone, Xtandi, ARN-509) and/or targeted therapies (such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors); androgen ablative therapies must be discontinued \>= 3 days prior to initiation of study treatment with the exception of abiraterone and/or enzalutamide, which may be continued during study treatment per the practice preference of the treating physician; patients who are predicted to benefit from an antiandrogen withdrawal response should be tested for this possibility before being considered for eligibility to this study; targeted therapies must be discontinued \>= 2 weeks before initiation of study treatment * Both chemotherapy-naive and patients previously treated with chemotherapy are eligible; chemotherapy pretreated patients may have received a maximum of two prior systemic cytotoxic chemotherapies completed at least 3 weeks prior to initiation of study treatment * Patients must have documented evidence of progressive disease as defined by any of the following: a) PSA progression: minimum of 2 rising values (3 measurements) obtained a minimum of 7 days apart with the last result being at least \>= 2.0 ng/mL; b) new or increasing non-bone disease (by Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors \[RECIST\]); c) positive bone scan with 2 or more new lesions (Prostate Cancer Working Group \[PCWG2\]) * For purposes of stratification, patients will be categorized as responders or non-responders based on their response to prior docetaxel-based therapy; a) responders will have demonstrated objective responses to first-line docetaxel as determined by any of the following: 1. decrease in PSA level \>= 50% from baseline, maintained for \>= 6 weeks; 2. partial or complete response in lymph nodes and soft tissue metastases by RECIST; responders must have received \>= 225 mg/m\^2 (\ 3 cycles) of docetaxel; b) patients not meeting response criteria above will be considered as non-responders; we anticipate 2 general categories of non-responders based on the following disease phenotypes: 1. progressive disease on therapy without any objective evidence of response (primary-resistant disease); progressive disease on therapy with prior objective evidence of response, but response duration is =\< 6 weeks (docetaxel refractory disease); non-responders are eligible even if they have received \< 225 mg/m\^2 of docetaxel * If present, peripheral neuropathy must be =\< grade 2 * Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) \>= 1,500/ml (unless due to bone marrow infiltration by tumor in which case ANC \>= 500/ml are allowed) (within 14 days before registration) * Platelets \>= 100,000/ml (unless due to bone marrow infiltration by tumor in which case \>= 50,000/ml are allowed) (within 14 days before registration) * Total bilirubin =\< upper limit of normal with the exception of isolated hyperbilirubinemia due to Gilbert's syndrome or if the patient has liver metastases and/or acute tumor-associated illness =\< 4 x ULN (within 14 days before registration) * Serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), (alanine aminotransferase \[ALT\]) AND/OR serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) (aspartate aminotransferase \[AST\]) =\< 1.5 x the ULN or if patient has liver metastases and/or acute tumor-associated illness, =\< 4 x ULN (within 14 days before registration) * Patient has creatinine clearance \>= 30 ml/min using the Cockcroft-Gault equation (within 14 days before registration) * Men whose partner is a woman of childbearing potential must be willing to consent to using effective contraception while on treatment and for at least 3 months thereafter * Patient or his legally authorized representative must provide written informed consent * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status =\< 2
Exclusion criteria
* Radiation therapy (including palliative radiotherapy to a metastatic lesion) within 14 days or major surgery (e.g., open abdominal, pelvic, thoracic, orthopedic or neurosurgery) within 28 days of the date of the first dose * Samarium-153 within 28 days of registration, or strontium-89 within 12 weeks (84 days) of registration; patients who have received 2 or more doses of bone-seeking radioisotopes are not eligible * Current treatment on another therapeutic clinical trial * Prior treatment with cabazitaxel and/or carboplatin * Impending complication from bone metastases (fracture and/or cord compression); properly treated or stabilized fractures and/or cord compression is allowed * Presence of ongoing urinary obstruction (e.g., urinary retention, hydronephrosis) requiring medical intervention; properly treated urinary obstruction is allowed * Patient has an uncontrolled intercurrent illness (e.g., uncontrolled diabetes, uncontrolled hypertension) * Patient has another serious medical or psychiatric illness that could, in the investigator's opinion, potentially interfere with the patient's ability to provide informed consent or with the completion of treatment according to this protocol * Patients with a history of severe hypersensitivity reaction to JEVTANA® (cabazitaxel) or other drugs formulated with polysorbate 80 * Patients with an active second malignancy that could, in the investigator's opinion, potentially interfere with the patient's ability to participate and/or complete this trial
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Maximum Tolerated Dosage (MTD) of Cabazitaxel-carboplatin in the Phase I Portion of Study | 6 months | The MTD was defined as the highest dose cohort studied in which one of six or fewer patients experienced a dose-limiting toxicity. |
| Progression Free Survival (PFS) of Cabazitaxel-carboplatin Versus Cabazitaxel in the Phase II Portion of Study | From the first dose until progression of disease or death, whichever comes first, up to 5 years | PFS is the time from the first dose until progression of disease or death, whichever comes first. PFS times will be estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Urine N-Telopeptides Response | 5 years | Percentage of participants with a greater than 50% decrease in measurable values of urine n-telopeptides during treatment from their baseline values. |
| Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) Response Rate | 5 years | Percentage of participants with a greater than 50% decrease in measurable values of PSA during treatment from their baseline PSA. |
| Phase II Most Common Grade 3-5 Adverse Events | Time from date of treatment start until date of death due to any cause or last follow up, up to 5 years | Grade 3: Serious reaction which requires medical treatment Grade 4: Life threatening. Grade 5 Death. |
| Overall Survival (OS) | Time from date of treatment start until date of death due to any cause or last follow up, up to 5 years | Time from date of treatment start until date of death due to any cause or last follow up. |
| Bone-Specific Alkaline Phosphatase Response | 5 years | Percentage of participants with a greater than 50% decrease in measurable values of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase during treatment from their baseline values |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Recruitment details
Participants were treated at MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, TX and Karmanos Cancer institute in Detroit, MI
Pre-assignment details
170 participants enrolled, 10 were phase I participants, 1 participant withdrew in phase I
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Phase I Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin Dose Zero Intravenous cabazitaxel 20 mg/m2 and carboplatin AUC 3 every 21 days up to 10 doses | 3 |
| Phase I Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin Dose One Intravenous cabazitaxel 20 mg/m2 and carboplatin AUC 4 every 21 days up to 10 doses | 3 |
| Phase I Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin Dose Two Intravenous cabazitaxel 25 mg/m2 and carboplatin AUC 4 every 21 days up to 10 doses | 3 |
| Phase II Cabazitaxel Intravenous cabazitaxel 25 mg/m2 every 21 days up to 10 doses | 79 |
| Phase II Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin Intravenous cabazitaxel 25 mg/m2 and carboplatin AUC 4 every 21 days up to 10 doses | 81 |
| Total | 169 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 | FG002 | FG003 | FG004 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Withdrawal by Subject | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Phase I Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin Dose One | Phase I Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin Dose Two | Phase II Cabazitaxel | Phase II Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin | Total | Phase I Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin Dose Zero |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 74 years | 69 years | 66 years | 68 years | 67 years | 66 years |
| Bone metastases No | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 7 Participants | 6 Participants | 13 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Bone metastases Yes | 3 Participants | 3 Participants | 72 Participants | 75 Participants | 156 Participants | 3 Participants |
| Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status Grade 0 | 1 Participants | 1 Participants | 21 Participants | 22 Participants | 46 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status Grade 1 and 2 | 2 Participants | 2 Participants | 58 Participants | 59 Participants | 123 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 4 Participants | 8 Participants | 13 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 12 Participants | 18 Participants | 30 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 3 Participants | 3 Participants | 63 Participants | 55 Participants | 126 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) | 89.5 µg/L | 217.6 µg/L | 23.7 µg/L | 33.8 µg/L | 28.75 µg/L | 380.4 µg/L |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 16 Participants | 8 Participants | 24 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 6 Participants | 9 Participants | 15 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 3 Participants | 3 Participants | 57 Participants | 64 Participants | 130 Participants | 3 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 3 participants | 3 participants | 79 participants | 81 participants | 169 participants | 3 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 3 Participants | 3 Participants | 79 Participants | 81 Participants | 169 Participants | 3 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk | EG002 affected / at risk | EG003 affected / at risk | EG004 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 3 / 3 | 3 / 3 | 3 / 3 | 63 / 79 | 69 / 81 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 3 / 3 | 3 / 3 | 3 / 3 | 78 / 79 | 81 / 81 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 3 | 0 / 3 | 0 / 3 | 3 / 79 | 4 / 81 |
Outcome results
Primary
Maximum Tolerated Dosage (MTD) of Cabazitaxel-carboplatin in the Phase I Portion of Study
The MTD was defined as the highest dose cohort studied in which one of six or fewer patients experienced a dose-limiting toxicity.
Time frame: 6 months
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Phase I Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin | Maximum Tolerated Dosage (MTD) of Cabazitaxel-carboplatin in the Phase I Portion of Study | 25 mg/m^2 |
Primary
Progression Free Survival (PFS) of Cabazitaxel-carboplatin Versus Cabazitaxel in the Phase II Portion of Study
PFS is the time from the first dose until progression of disease or death, whichever comes first. PFS times will be estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.
Time frame: From the first dose until progression of disease or death, whichever comes first, up to 5 years
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Phase I Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin | Progression Free Survival (PFS) of Cabazitaxel-carboplatin Versus Cabazitaxel in the Phase II Portion of Study | 4.5 months |
| Phase II Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin | Progression Free Survival (PFS) of Cabazitaxel-carboplatin Versus Cabazitaxel in the Phase II Portion of Study | 7.3 months |
Secondary
Bone-Specific Alkaline Phosphatase Response
Percentage of participants with a greater than 50% decrease in measurable values of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase during treatment from their baseline values
Time frame: 5 years
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Phase I Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin | Bone-Specific Alkaline Phosphatase Response | 29.4 percentage of participants |
| Phase II Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin | Bone-Specific Alkaline Phosphatase Response | 62 percentage of participants |
Secondary
Overall Survival (OS)
Time from date of treatment start until date of death due to any cause or last follow up.
Time frame: Time from date of treatment start until date of death due to any cause or last follow up, up to 5 years
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Phase I Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin | Overall Survival (OS) | 17.3 months |
| Phase II Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin | Overall Survival (OS) | 18.5 months |
Secondary
Phase II Most Common Grade 3-5 Adverse Events
Grade 3: Serious reaction which requires medical treatment Grade 4: Life threatening. Grade 5 Death.
Time frame: Time from date of treatment start until date of death due to any cause or last follow up, up to 5 years
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Phase I Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin | Phase II Most Common Grade 3-5 Adverse Events | Fatique | 9 Participants |
| Phase I Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin | Phase II Most Common Grade 3-5 Adverse Events | Anemia | 4 Participants |
| Phase I Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin | Phase II Most Common Grade 3-5 Adverse Events | Neutropenia | 4 Participants |
| Phase I Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin | Phase II Most Common Grade 3-5 Adverse Events | Thrombocytopenia | 1 Participants |
| Phase II Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin | Phase II Most Common Grade 3-5 Adverse Events | Thrombocytopenia | 14 Participants |
| Phase II Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin | Phase II Most Common Grade 3-5 Adverse Events | Fatique | 20 Participants |
| Phase II Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin | Phase II Most Common Grade 3-5 Adverse Events | Neutropenia | 16 Participants |
| Phase II Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin | Phase II Most Common Grade 3-5 Adverse Events | Anemia | 23 Participants |
Secondary
Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) Response Rate
Percentage of participants with a greater than 50% decrease in measurable values of PSA during treatment from their baseline PSA.
Time frame: 5 years
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Phase I Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin | Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) Response Rate | 40.9 percentage of participants |
| Phase II Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin | Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) Response Rate | 61.7 percentage of participants |
Secondary
Urine N-Telopeptides Response
Percentage of participants with a greater than 50% decrease in measurable values of urine n-telopeptides during treatment from their baseline values.
Time frame: 5 years
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Phase I Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin | Urine N-Telopeptides Response | 55 percentage of participants |
| Phase II Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin | Urine N-Telopeptides Response | 62.5 percentage of participants |
Post Hoc
Aggressive Variant Prostate Carcinoma-Metastatic (ACPC-MS) Phenotypes Correlated to Response
PFS and OS were reported for participants with and without AVPC-MS in the cabazitaxel vs cabazitaxel + carboplatin treatment groups
Time frame: 5 years
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Phase I Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin | Aggressive Variant Prostate Carcinoma-Metastatic (ACPC-MS) Phenotypes Correlated to Response | Cabazitaxel PFS | 1.7 months |
| Phase I Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin | Aggressive Variant Prostate Carcinoma-Metastatic (ACPC-MS) Phenotypes Correlated to Response | Cabazitaxel + carboplatin PFS | 7.5 months |
| Phase I Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin | Aggressive Variant Prostate Carcinoma-Metastatic (ACPC-MS) Phenotypes Correlated to Response | Cabazitaxel OS | 8.5 months |
| Phase I Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin | Aggressive Variant Prostate Carcinoma-Metastatic (ACPC-MS) Phenotypes Correlated to Response | Cabazitaxel + carboplatin OS | 20.2 months |
| Phase II Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin | Aggressive Variant Prostate Carcinoma-Metastatic (ACPC-MS) Phenotypes Correlated to Response | Cabazitaxel + carboplatin OS | 21.5 months |
| Phase II Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin | Aggressive Variant Prostate Carcinoma-Metastatic (ACPC-MS) Phenotypes Correlated to Response | Cabazitaxel PFS | 6.3 months |
| Phase II Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin | Aggressive Variant Prostate Carcinoma-Metastatic (ACPC-MS) Phenotypes Correlated to Response | Cabazitaxel OS | 21.7 months |
| Phase II Cabazitaxel + Carboplatin | Aggressive Variant Prostate Carcinoma-Metastatic (ACPC-MS) Phenotypes Correlated to Response | Cabazitaxel + carboplatin PFS | 6.5 months |