Breast Cancer, Breast Neoplasms, Breast Tumors, Cancer of the Breast, Neoplasms, Breast, Tumors, Breast
Conditions
Keywords
Breast Neoplasms, Breast Cancer, Breast Tumors, Cancer of the Breast, Neoplasms, Breast, Tumors, Breast
Brief summary
Previous studies have shown that chemotherapy has the same effect on treating breast cancer whether you receive it before or after surgery. Receiving chemotherapy before surgery, rather than after surgery, may allow the patient to have less extensive surgery. The purpose of this study is to identify new treatment regimens with better response rates and to find out if the combination of eribulin followed by doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide can shrink the size of the patient's breast tumor and allow you to preserve your breast. Additionally, by receiving chemotherapy before surgery, the investigators will be able to determine if your cancer is responsive to chemotherapy.
Detailed description
This is a phase 2, single-arm, open label study. Patients with Her2-negative, locally advanced breast cancer will be enrolled on the study prior to receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients will receive 4 cycles of neoadjuvant eribulin followed by 4 cycles of dose-dense doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (AC). All patients will have a baseline biopsy prior to study entry to determine eligibility. Patients will undergo repeat breast imaging and optional biopsy after completing 4 cycles of eribulin. Patients will then receive 4 cycles of dose-dense AC. Patients will undergo repeat breast imaging followed by surgical resection within 30 days of completing last cycle of chemotherapy. Patients who are not surgical candidates after completion of chemotherapy will be asked to undergo optional repeat biopsy prior to receiving additional treatment at the discretion of the investigator. Patients will continue to be followed per standard practice guideline after surgery Clinical response will be determined by clinical breast examination prior to each cycle of chemotherapy and by breast imaging performed at baseline, after completion of eribulin, and prior to surgery. Pathologic complete response (pCR) will be determined at the time of surgical resection. Correlative biomarker studies will be performed on tumor samples at the completion of the clinical trial.
Interventions
DRUGEribulin
Patients will receive 4 cycles of neoadjuvant eribulin followed by 4 cycles of dose-dense doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (AC).
DRUGDoxorubicin
Neoadjuvant eribulin followed by dose-dense doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide
DRUGCyclophosphamide
Neoadjuvant eribulin followed by dose-dense doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide
DRUGPegfilgrastim
Growth factor support (pegfilgrastim) can be given at the discretion of the investigator. Administration of pegfilgrastim is required 24 to 48 hours following administration of dose-dense doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide.
Sponsors
Eisai Inc.
Emory University
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Histologically or cytologically confirmed invasive breast carcinoma. * Locally advanced breast cancer (Stage IIIA to IIIC). * Invasive breast cancer must be Her2-negative. If breast cancer is Her2 2+ by immunohistochemistry (IHC), then fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) must be negative for Her2 gene amplification. * No evidence of disease outside the breast or chest wall, except ipsilateral axillary lymph nodes on staging scans (CT chest/abdomen/pelvis and bone scan or positron emission tomography \[PET\] scan). * Patients must have measurable disease as defined by palpable lesion with both diameters ≥ 1 cm measurable with caliper and/or a positive mammogram or ultrasound with at least one dimension ≥ 1 cm. Bilateral mammogram and clip placement is required for study entry. Baseline measurements of the indicator lesions must be recorded on the Patient Registration Form. To be valid for baseline, the measurements must have been made within the 14 days if palpable. If not palpable, a mammogram or MRI must be done within 14 days. If palpable, a mammogram or MRI must be done within 2 months prior to study entry. If clinically indicated, xrays and scans must be done within 28 days of study entry. * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0 to 1 within 14 days of study entry. * Normal (greater than 50%) left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) by multigated acquisition (MUGA) scan or echocardiography. * Signed informed consent. * Adequate organ function within 2 weeks of study entry: * Absolute neutrophil count ≥ 1500/mm³, Hgb ≥ 9.0 g/dl and platelet count ≥ 100,000/mm³. * Total bilirubin ≤ upper limit of normal. * Creatinine ≤ 1.5 mg/dL or calculated creatinine clearance rate (CrCL) ≥ 50 mL/min using the Cockroft Gault equation. * Serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT)/(AST) or serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT)/(ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (alk phos) must be within the range allowing for eligibility. * Patients must be over 18 years old. * International normalized ratio (INR) \< 1.5 or a prothrombin time (PT)/partial thromboplastin time (PTT) within normal limits. Patients receiving anti-coagulation treatment with an agent such as warfarin or heparin may be allowed to participate. * Women of childbearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test performed within 7 days prior to the start of treatment. * Women of childbearing potential and men must agree to use adequate contraception (barrier method of birth control) prior to study entry and for the duration of study participation. * Patient must have signed informed consent prior to registration on this study.
Exclusion criteria
* Prior chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, biologic therapy, investigational agent, targeted therapy or radiation therapy for current breast cancer. Patients with history of breast cancer greater than 5 years from initial diagnosis are eligible for the study. Patients may not have received anthracycline-based chemotherapy in the past. Patients with history of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) are eligible if there were treated with surgery alone. * Medical, psychological or surgical condition which the investigator feels might compromise study participation. * History of previous or current malignancy at other sites with the exception of adequately treated carcinoma in-situ of the cervix or basal or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. Patients with a history of other malignancies, who remain disease free for greater than five years are eligible. * Evidence of sensory and/or peripheral neuropathy \> grade 1. * Serious, uncontrolled, concurrent infection(s). * Major surgery within 4 weeks of the start of study treatment, without complete recovery. * Pregnant or lactating women are not eligible. Women of childbearing potential must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test completed within 7 days of study treatment. Women or men of childbearing potential not using a reliable and appropriate contraceptive method are not eligible. (Postmenopausal woman must have been amenorrheic for at least 12 months to be considered of non-childbearing potential). * Known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or chronic Hepatitis B or C. * Active clinically serious infection \> CTCAE Grade 2. * Thromboembolic events such as a cerebrovascular accident including transient ischemic attacks within the past 6 months. * Pulmonary hemorrhage/bleeding event ≥ CTCAE Grade 2 within 4 weeks of first dose of study drug. * Any other hemorrhage/bleeding event ≥ CTCAE Grade 3 within 4 weeks of first dose of study drug. * Cardiac disease: congestive heart failure \> class II New York Heart Association (NYHA). Patients must not have unstable angina (anginal symptoms at rest) or new onset angina (began within the last 3 months) or myocardial infarction within the past 6 months. * Known brain metastasis. Patients with neurological symptoms must undergo a CT scan/MRI of the brain to exclude brain metastasis. * Cardiac ventricular arrhythmias requiring anti-arrhythmic therapy. * Uncontrolled hypertension defined as systolic blood pressure \> 150 mmHg or diastolic pressure \> 90 mmHg, despite optimal medical management.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Pathologic Complete Response Rate at the Time of Surgery | Average of 24 weeks | Patients will receive treatment for 20 weeks with primary outcome measured at the time of surgery. Surgery is typically 4-6 weeks after completion of chemotherapy, so patients will be on study for 24 weeks on average. Response was measured by pathologist's standard of care assessment of extent of residual disease. If the patient had no evidence of invasive or in situ residual disease present in the breast and lymph node (i.e. ypT0N0), then this was defined as a pathologic complete response (pCR). Reported is the number of participants showing pCR. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Toxicity of Chemotherapy Regimen (Number of Participants With Any Adverse Events) | Through 20 weeks of chemotherapy | Toxicity of chemotherapy at each physician visit using Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Effects (CTCAE) criteria. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Recruitment details
This study was open to accrual from October 2011 to June 2015. Enrolled participants were from Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University and Emory University Hospital Midtown.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Eribulin+Doxorubicin+Cyclophosphamide Neoadjuvant eribulin followed by dose-dense doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide
Eribulin Day 1 and Day 8 of a 21 day cycle x 4 cycles:
Day 1: Eribulin 1.4mg/m² IV
Day 8: Eribulin 1.4mg/m² IV
Dose-dense doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide every 14 days x 4 cycles:
Day 1: Doxorubicin 60mg/m² IV
Day 1: Cyclophosphamide 600mg/m² IV
Day 2: Pegfilgrastim support 6mg sc at least 24 hours after chemotherapy | 7 |
| Total | 7 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Eribulin+Doxorubicin+Cyclophosphamide |
|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 7 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 0 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 6 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 3 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 2 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 7 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 7 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 0 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk |
|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | — / — |
| other Total, other adverse events | 2 / 7 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 7 |
Outcome results
Primary
Pathologic Complete Response Rate at the Time of Surgery
Patients will receive treatment for 20 weeks with primary outcome measured at the time of surgery. Surgery is typically 4-6 weeks after completion of chemotherapy, so patients will be on study for 24 weeks on average. Response was measured by pathologist's standard of care assessment of extent of residual disease. If the patient had no evidence of invasive or in situ residual disease present in the breast and lymph node (i.e. ypT0N0), then this was defined as a pathologic complete response (pCR). Reported is the number of participants showing pCR.
Time frame: Average of 24 weeks
Population: Pathology information at the time of definitive resection was available for six of seven patients. One patient was ultimately lost to follow-up.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eribulin+Doxorubicin+Cyclophosphamide | Pathologic Complete Response Rate at the Time of Surgery | Pathologic Complete Response (pCR) | 1 participants |
| Eribulin+Doxorubicin+Cyclophosphamide | Pathologic Complete Response Rate at the Time of Surgery | No pCR | 5 participants |
| Eribulin+Doxorubicin+Cyclophosphamide | Pathologic Complete Response Rate at the Time of Surgery | Unknown | 1 participants |
Secondary
Toxicity of Chemotherapy Regimen (Number of Participants With Any Adverse Events)
Toxicity of chemotherapy at each physician visit using Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Effects (CTCAE) criteria.
Time frame: Through 20 weeks of chemotherapy
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Eribulin+Doxorubicin+Cyclophosphamide | Toxicity of Chemotherapy Regimen (Number of Participants With Any Adverse Events) | 2 participants |