Bladder Cancer
Conditions
Keywords
Bladder Cancer, Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer, NMIBC, Apaziquone, EOquin, GU Cancer, TURBT
Brief summary
This is an international, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study. All eligible patients entering the open label phase of the study will receive a single immediate instillation of apaziquone (4 mg in 40 mL diluent), post transurethral resection-bladder tumor (TURBT). Following Central Pathology review of histology and Double Blind Phase qualification, patients with confirmed eligibility will be randomized to receive either 6 weekly intravesical instillations of apaziquone or matching placebo and undergo cystoscopic and safety assessments every 3 months for 24 months. Patients with histologic evidence of recurrent disease during the study will be treated according to current treatment guidelines or local standard of care. Safety and efficacy assessments will be performed at 3 month intervals for all randomized patients throughout the study. Patients who receive single dose of apaziquone immediately following TURBT and are not eligible for randomization will be followed for 3 months by cystoscopic exam and safety assessments.
Interventions
DRUGApaziquone
6 weekly multi-instillation of Apaziquone 4 mg in 40 mL
DRUGPlacebo
6 weekly multi-instillation of matching placebo in 40mL
Sponsors
Allergan
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
QUADRUPLE (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
(for Open Label): 1. Has the patient given written informed consent and is the patient willing and able to abide by the protocol? 2. Is the patient 18 years old or above? 3. If the patient is a female of childbearing potential, is she using an acceptable/effective method of contraception? 4. Does the female patient of childbearing potential have a negative serum pregnancy test at screening? 5. Does the patient with clinically apparent primary or recurrent low grade Ta NMIBC have : * multiple tumors (2-7) * No single Tumor \> 3 cm * No history / evidence of Tis Or does the patient with clinically apparent primary or recurrent high grade Ta NMIBC have: * A single tumor that is ≤ 3 cm * No history / evidence of Tis 6. Is the patient able to retain bladder instillations for a minimum of 60 minutes (± 6 minutes)? 7. Did the patient have upper urinary tract evaluation to exclude urothelial carcinoma, hydronephrosis or renal cell carcinoma or other renal cancers in the 6 months prior to study screening? 8. Is patient's urethra (including prostatic urethra in men) endoscopically free of any visible TCC? 9. For patients with recurrent tumor, did the patient have at least a 6-month cystoscopically-confirmed tumor-free interval between the last tumor recurrence and the time of screening? 10. Has the male patient with a prostate specific antigen (PSA) between 4 and 10 ng/mL had a diagnostic evaluation that reasonably excludes the diagnosis of prostate cancer in the opinion of the Investigator?
Exclusion criteria
(for Open Label): 1. Has the patient received any previous pelvic radiotherapy (includes external beam and/or brachytherapy)? 2. Has the patient ever received apaziquone? 3. Has the patient received an induction course (completed 5 of 6 scheduled weekly instillations) of intravesical BCG (± interferon) with the last dose given less than 12 months ago? 4. Has the patient had any prior intravesical chemotherapy, exclusive of single-dose adjuvant intravesical chemotherapy immediately post-TURBT? 5. Does the patient have a history of urinary retention or a post void residual ≥ 250 cc by bladder scan or ultrasound (post void residual test may be repeated up to 3 times)? 6. Does the patient have or has the patient had any bladder tumor with histology other than transitional cell carcinoma? 7. Does the patient have or has the patient had micro-papillary transitional cell carcinoma? 8. If the patient has recurrent papillary disease of the bladder, has the pathology been anything other than pTa in the past? 9. Does the patient have an active urinary tract infection confirmed by culture or a documented history of recurrent UTI (≥ 6 for females and ≥2 for males per year) in the prior 2 years? 10. Does the patient have a bleeding disorder or a screening platelet count \< 50 x 109/L? 11. Does the patient have a screening hemoglobin \< 10 g/dL? 12. Does the male patient have a screening serum PSA \> 10 ng/mL? 13. Does the patient have a history of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome or HIV positive? 14. Does the patient have a condition or a concurrent severe and/or uncontrolled medical or psychiatric disease (e.g., uncontrolled diabetes, decompensated congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction within 6 months of study, unstable and uncontrolled hypertension, or an active uncontrolled infection), which could compromise participation, compliance with scheduled visits and/or completion of the study? 15. Has the patient participated in an investigational protocol within the past 90 days? 16. Is the patient pregnant or breast feeding? 17. Does the patient have a life expectancy of \<3 years? 18. Has the patient had any other malignancy or received therapy for any malignancy in the last five years except * non-melanoma skin tumors * stage 0 (in situ) cervical carcinoma * undetectable PSA for ≥1 year following definitive therapy for localized prostate cancer? 19. Does the patient have documented vesicoureteral reflux or an indwelling ureteral stent? 20. Does the patient have tumor in a bladder diverticulum? 21. Does the patient have a known allergy to red color food dye? Double-Blind Phase Inclusion Criteria 1. Was all visible tumor resected at the initial TURBT? 2. Does Central Pathology review of the patient's bladder tumor confirm: * Low grade Ta disease for multiple tumors (2 - 7) or * High Grade Ta disease for single tumor * No microscopic evidence of lymphovascular invasion and/or evidence of tumor thromboemboli
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Time to Recurrence | 24 Months | Time from randomization to the date of first histologically confirmed recurrence of bladder cancer |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 2-Year Recurrence Rate | 24 Months | Proportion of patients with recurrence at or before 24 months |
Countries
Czechia, Poland, Slovakia, United States
Participant flow
Pre-assignment details
Patients 1) meeting Open Label Phase and Double Blind Phase inclusion and exclusion criteria, including confirmed histology based on Central Pathology Review, and 2) has eligibility packet approved by Sponsor, are randomized in a 1:1 fashion to receive 6 weekly instillations of apaziquone or matching placebo.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Apaziquone Apaziquone (4 mg in 40 mL)
Apaziquone: 6 weekly multi-instillation of Apaziquone 4 mg in 40 mL | 14 |
| Placebo Matching placebo (40 mL)
Placebo: 6 weekly multi-instillation of matching placebo in 40mL | 17 |
| Total | 31 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 | FG002 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Double Blind Phase | Physician Decision | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Double Blind Phase | Protocol Violation | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Double Blind Phase | Sponsor Terminate Study | 12 | 16 | 0 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Apaziquone | Placebo | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 9 Participants | 8 Participants | 17 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 5 Participants | 9 Participants | 14 Participants |
| Age, Continuous | 68.4 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.9 | 63.6 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.2 | 65.7 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.7 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 14 Participants | 17 Participants | 31 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 13 Participants | 17 Participants | 30 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 6 Participants | 6 Participants | 12 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 8 Participants | 11 Participants | 19 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk | EG002 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 14 | 0 / 17 | 0 / 47 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 6 / 14 | 11 / 17 | 23 / 47 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 1 / 14 | 0 / 17 | 2 / 47 |
Outcome results
Primary
Time to Recurrence
Time from randomization to the date of first histologically confirmed recurrence of bladder cancer
Time frame: 24 Months
Population: Patients who were in the Double Blind Phase
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Apaziquone | Time to Recurrence | NA months |
| Placebo | Time to Recurrence | 8.5 months |
Secondary
2-Year Recurrence Rate
Proportion of patients with recurrence at or before 24 months
Time frame: 24 Months
Population: Patients who were in the Double Blind Phase
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Apaziquone | 2-Year Recurrence Rate | 1 Participants |
| Placebo | 2-Year Recurrence Rate | 6 Participants |