Depression
Conditions
Keywords
Depression, Exercise, Psychoneuroimmunology, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, CBASP
Brief summary
The objective of this study is to compare the impact of i) Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) combined with exercise, ii)CBT combined with euthymic therapy, and iii) 'Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy' (CBASP) on psychometric and immunological measures in patients with major depression.
Detailed description
The interest of the investigation is to compare the impact of CBT combined with exercise, CBT combined with euthymic therapy and CBASP on depression and further psychopathological variables (assessed at 5 points). Previous findings indicate increased concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines in depression. A bidirectional relationship between depression and immunological alterations has been suggested: On the one hand pro-inflammatory cytokines may contribute to depression, on the other hand depression-linked changes (e.g. a reduction of activity, increased stress-sensitivity) may lead to increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, this study is also supposed to investigate the influence of above mentioned interventions on pro-inflammatory cytokines. Using a waiting group, potential changes in psychometric and biological parameters without any intervention are controlled. Assessments take place at baseline, after 4 weeks of treatment, after 8 weeks of treatment, after 16 weeks of treatment and 6 months follow up. 200 patients with Major Depression (DSM IV, BDI II at baseline ≥18) will be included. Patients will be randomized and assigned to one of the 4 groups.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALCBT - active
Patients get CBT treatment combined with moderate physical exercise (4x40min/week for 4 weeks, week 5, 6, 7 and 8).
BEHAVIORALCBT - euthymic
Patients get the same common CBT treatment as group I, but instead of physical exercise they receive an enjoyment training Patients get CBT treatment combined with euthymic exercise (4x40min/week for 4 weeks, week 5, 6, 7 and 8).
BEHAVIORALCBASP
Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy integrates behavioral, cognitive, psychodynamic and interpersonal strategies. Foci of the CBASP-therapy are situation analysis and subsequent behavioral trainings as well as interpersonal strategies to create a therapeutic relationship.
Sponsors
Universität Duisburg-Essen
Philipps University Marburg
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* patients with Major Depression (DSM IV), BDI \>=18 * age:18-65 years * patients with and without antidepressive medication * comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders is permitted, as far as depressive symptoms are dominating
Exclusion criteria
* current psychotherapy * psychotic disorder * serious drug-addiction * drugs which seriously affect immune status (except contraceptives) or central nervous system functions (except antidepressants) * infections during the last 2 weeks * injuries during the last 2 weeks * neurological disorders * diseases which affect immune status or central nervous system functions (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis, CVD,etc.)
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Changes in severity of depressive symptoms from baseline (beginning of therapy) to 4 weeks after baseline, to 8 weeks after baseline, to 16 weeks after baseline (end of therapy) to 6-month-follow up | From baseline (beginning of therapy) to 4 weeks after baseline, to 8 weeks after baseline, to 16 weeks after baseline (end of therapy) to 6-month-follow up | Becks Depression Inventory II (BDI-II; german adaptation by Hautzinger, Kühner & Keller, 2006) |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Changes in immunological measures from baseline (beginning of therapy) to 4 weeks after baseline, to 8 weeks after baseline, to 16 weeks after baseline (end of therapy) to 6-month-follow up | From baseline (beginning of therapy) to 4 weeks after baseline, to 8 weeks after baseline, to 16 weeks after baseline (end of therapy) to 6-month-follow up | C-reactive protein, inflammatory markers(Il-6, TNF-alpha, INF-gamma, IL-1ra, sTNF-RI, sTNF-RII) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (Il-10) |
| Changes in psychopathological variables from baseline (beginning of therapy) to 4 weeks after baseline, to 8 weeks after baseline, to 16 weeks after baseline (end of therapy) to 6-month-follow up | From baseline (beginning of therapy) to 4 weeks after baseline, to 8 weeks after baseline, to 16 weeks after baseline (end of therapy) to 6-month-follow up | Symptom-Checklist by Derogatis (SCL-90-R; german adaption by Franke, 1995) |
| Changes in perceived stress from baseline (beginning of therapy) to 4 weeks after baseline, to 8 weeks after baseline, to 16 weeks after baseline (end of therapy) to 6-month-follow up | From baseline (beginning of therapy) to 4 weeks after baseline, to 8 weeks after baseline, to 16 weeks after baseline (end of therapy) to 6-month-follow up | Trier inventary for chronic stress (TICS-K; Trierer Inventar zu chronischen Stress; Schulz et al., 2004) |
| Changes in self-rated physical activity from baseline (beginning of therapy) to 4 weeks after baseline, to 8 weeks after baseline, to 16 weeks after baseline (end of therapy) to 6-month-follow up | From baseline (beginning of therapy) to 4 weeks after baseline, to 8 weeks after baseline, to 16 weeks after baseline (end of therapy) to 6-month-follow up | Internationational Physical Activity Questionaire (IPAQ, Granger et al., 2000) |
| Changes from baseline to 16 weeks after baseline (end of therapy) | From baseline to 16 weeks after baseline (end of therapy) | Verbal test for learning- and memory abilities (Verbaler Lern- und Merkfähigkeitstest-VLMT; Helmstaedter, Lendt, Lux, 2001) |
Countries
Germany
Outcome results
None listed