Lumbar Spine Degeneration
Conditions
Keywords
advanced degenerative disease of the lumbosacral spine, lumbosacral spine, radiculopathy, degenerative instability, spondylolisthesis, retrolisthesis, lateral listhesis, spinal stenosis, disc herniation, INFUSE Bone Graft, CD HORIZON Spinal System, CAPSTONE Spinal System
Brief summary
This investigation will provide safety and effectiveness information on the use of INFUSE® Bone Graft with the CAPSTONE® Spinal System and CD HORIZON® Spinal System with a Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (TLIF) surgical approach at one or two adjacent levels from L2-S1 to treat subjects with advanced degenerative disease of the lumbosacral spine.
Detailed description
The study is a prospective, multi-national study that compares INFUSE® Bone Graft (investigational group) to autogenous bone graft (control group). Control group subjects will receive the same surgical treatment except for the use of autogenous bone graft (from the iliac crest) instead of INFUSE® Bone Graft. All sites will follow a common Clinical Investigational Plan (CIP) that consists of the protocol and accompanying case report forms, risk analysis, investigator's agreement, subject informed consent, institutional review board (IRB) certification, labeling, and monitoring information.
Interventions
DEVICEINFUSE Bone Graft
Subjects enrolled in the investigational treatment group will receive surgical treatment with INFUSE® Bone Graft, the CAPSTONE® Spinal System, and posterior supplemental fixation (in this study the CD HORIZON® Spinal System). The investigational treatment will be implanted using a TLIF surgical approach.
Subjects enrolled in the control group will receive the same surgical treatment as the investigational group, including the CAPSTONE® Spinal System and posterior supplemental fixation system (CD HORIZON® Spinal System), except for the use of autogenous bone graft (from the iliac crest) instead of INFUSE® Bone Graft. A TLIF surgical approach will also be used for implanting the control treatment.
Sponsors
Medtronic Spinal and Biologics
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Has advanced degenerative disease of the lumbosacral spine (L2 to S1) that results in radiculopathy secondary to nerve root compression, manifested by, History of radiating leg or buttock pain, paresthesias, numbness or weakness, or History of neurogenic claudication. * Has a history of low back pain * Has radiographic evidence of advanced degenerative lumbosacral disease, such as decreased disc height; herniated nucleus pulposus; hypertrophy or thickening of the ligamentum flavum, annulus fibrosis, or facet joint capsule; hypertrophied facet joints, facet joint space narrowing, or facet periarticular osteophyte formation; trefoil canal shape; or lateral(subarticular) stenosis; or vertebral endplate osteophyte formation; and at least one of the following: Sagittal plane translation (slippage) of the superior (cranial) vertebral body anterior or posterior to the inferior (caudal) vertebral body greater than 3mm, or Coronal plane translation (slippage) of the superior (cranial) vertebral body lateral to the inferior (caudal) vertebral body greater than 3mm, or Narrowing (stenosis) of the lumbar spinal canal and/or intervertebral foramen * Has single-level or adjacent two-level involvement from L2 to S1. * Has preoperative Oswestry score ≥30. * Has preoperative back pain score of ≥ 6 based on the Preoperative Back and Leg Pain Questionnaire (pain intensity + pain frequency). * Has preoperative leg pain score of ≥ 6 based on the Preoperative Back and Leg Pain Questionnaire (pain intensity + pain frequency). * Is at least 18 years of age and skeletally mature at the time of surgery. * Has not responded to non-operative treatment (e.g., bed rest, physical therapy, medications, spinal injections, manipulation, and/or TENS) for a period of six months. * Is willing and able to comply with the study plan and able to understand and sign the Subject Informed Consent Form.
Exclusion criteria
* Requires spinal fusion at more than two lumbar levels or at two non-adjacent levels. * Has had a prior lumbar surgical fusion procedure at the involved or adjacent spinal levels. * Has significant lumbar instability, defined as sagittal or coronal plane listhesis greater than Grade 2 spondylolisthesis utilizing Meyerding's Classification (Meyerding, HW, 1932). * Has scoliosis greater than 30 degrees. * Has had a previous diagnosis of osteoporosis, osteopenia, or osteomalacia. * In addition, if the subject has any of the following risk factors, a DEXA scan should be performed to determine eligibility: History of a non-traumatic hip or spine fracture. Female who is postmenopausal. Female over the age of 65. Male over the age of 70. If the DEXA T-score is -2.5 or lower, OR a T-score of -1.5 or lower WITH a history of a vertebral compression fracture, the subject is excluded. * Is morbidly obese, as defined as a Body Mass Index (BMI) \> 40. * Has an active malignancy or prior history of malignancy (except for basal cell carcinoma of the skin). * Has an overt or active bacterial infection, either local or systemic. * Has undergone systemic administration of any type of corticosteroid, anti-neoplastic, immunostimulating, or immunosuppressive agents within 30 days prior to implantation of the assigned treatment. * Has a history of clinically significant cardiac or hematologic disease. * Has a history of autoimmune disease known to affect bone metabolism or the spine. Examples include spondyloarthropathies (e.g., ankylosing spondylitis, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis), juvenile arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, Grave's disease, and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. * Has a medical disease or condition that would preclude accurate clinical evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of the treatments in this study, such as motor weakness, sensory loss, or painful conditions that inhibit normal ambulation or other activities of daily living. * Has a history of any endocrine or metabolic disorder known to affect osteogenesis (e.g., Paget's disease, renal osteodystrophy, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, or osteogenesis imperfecta). * Has chronic or acute renal and/or hepatic failure or prior history of renal and/or hepatic parenchymal disease. * Has a history of exposure to injectable collagen. * Has received any previous exposure to any/all BMPs of either human or animal extraction. * Has a history of hypersensitivity to collagen or protein pharmaceuticals (e.g., monoclonal antibodies or gamma globulins). * Has a history of any allergy resulting in anaphylaxis. * Has a history of allergy to bovine products. * Has a documented allergy or intolerance to titanium, titanium alloy, tantalum, tantalum alloy, or polyetheretherketone (PEEK). * Has any condition in which MRI scans are contraindicated (e.g., cardiac pacemaker, brain aneurysm clips). * Has any condition in which a gadolinium-contrast MRI is contraindicated (e.g., sickle cell anemia, renal failure). * Is mentally incompetent. If questionable, obtain psychiatric consult. * Has a 'Waddell Signs of Inorganic Behavior' score of 3 or greater. * Is a prisoner. * Is a tobacco user who does not agree to suspend tobacco use prior to surgery. * Is an alcohol and/or drug abuser as defined by currently undergoing treatment for alcohol and/or drug abuse. * Has received treatment with an investigational therapy (drug, device and/or biologic) within 28 days prior to implantation surgery or such treatment is planned during the 24-month period following the study surgery. * Is pregnant or nursing. Female of child-bearing potential must agree not to become pregnant for one year following surgery. * Is a Worker's Compensation case or is involved in spinal litigation.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rate of Overall Success | 24 months | Rate of overall success is reported as percent of subjects who met all of the following criteria: 1. fusion at all treated levels (e.g., one level for a one level fusion and two levels for a two level fusion); 2. pain/disability (Oswestry Disability Index) success; 3. neurological status success; 4. no serious adverse event classified as implant associated or implant/surgical procedure associated; 5. no additional surgical procedure classified as a failure. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Success Rate of Oswestry Disability Index | 24 months | ODI Questionnaire was used to assess patient back function. The ODI score ranges from 0-100. The best score is 0 (no disability) and worst is 100 (maximum disability). Success rate of Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) is reported as percent of subjects whose ODI score met: pre-operative score - post-operative score ≥ 15. |
| Success Rate of Neurological Status | 24 months | Neurological status was assessed in six sections: motor, sensory, reflexes, straight leg raising, bowel function, and bladder function. Each of the sections had a number of elements. Success rate of neurological status is reported as percent of subjects whose neurological status was maintained or improved in three key neurological assessments-motor, sensory, and deep tendon reflexes. |
| Success Rate of Back Pain | 24 months | Numerical rating scales were used to evaluate back pain intensity and frequency. Subjects rated their back pain intensity on a scale from 0-10, with a score of 0 representing no pain and a score of 10 representing pain as bad as it could be. Similarly, subjects recorded their back pain frequency on a scale from 0-10, with a score of 0 being pain none of the time and a score of 10 being pain all of the time. The total back pain score were the sum of pain intensity and frequency scores. Success rate of back pain is reported as percent of subjects whose back pain improvement met: pre-operative score - post-operative score \> 0. |
| Success Rate of Leg Pain | 24 months | Numerical rating scales were used to evaluate leg pain intensity and frequency. Subjects rated their leg pain intensity on a scale from 0-10, with a score of 0 representing no pain and a score of 10 representing pain as bad as it could be. Similarly, subjects recorded their leg pain frequency on a scale from 0-10, with a score of 0 being pain none of the time and a score of 10 being pain all of the time. The total leg pain score were the sum of pain intensity and frequency scores. Success rate of leg pain is reported as percent of subjects whose leg pain improvement met: pre-operative score - post-operative score \> 0. |
| Rate of Fusion Success | 24 months | Rate of fusion success is reported as percent of subjects having fusion success. The fusion success was defined radiologically as: 1. evidence of bridging bone; 2. no evidence of motion; 3. no evidence of radiolucency at greater than 50% of the superior or inferior PEEK spacer-vertebra interface. |
| Percent of Subjects Who Had Additional Surgical Procedures/Interventions | 24 months | — |
| Operative Time | Operative time was recorded from skin incision to wound closure | — |
| Blood Loss | During the operation, an average of 200 minutes for investigational group and 281.5 minutes for control group | — |
| Hospital Stay | During the time of hospital stay | — |
| Success Rate of General Health Status | 24 months | The Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form (SF-36) health survey was used to assess general health status. The SF-36 results were summarized into two components, a physical component summary (PCS) and a mental component summary (MCS). The scores for PCS and MCS are between 0 and 100, with higher scores denoting better quality of life. To be classified as a success, the following criteria must be met for SF-36 PCS and MCS, respectively: post-operative score - pre-operative score \>= 0. The results are reported as percent of subjects who have SF-36 PCS success, SF-36 MCS success, and overall SF-36 success. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Investigational Group Investigational subjects received INFUSE® bone graft, with the CAPSTONE® Spinal System and posterior supplemental fixation (CD HORIZON® Spinal System) using TLIF surgical approach. | 11 |
| Control Group Control subjects received autogenous bone graft from iliac crest, with CAPSTONE® Spinal System and posterior supplemental fixation system (CD HORIZON® Spinal System) using TLIF surgical approach. | 4 |
| Total | 15 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Withdrawal by Subject | 1 | 0 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Investigational Group | Control Group | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 50.5 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.88 | 56.2 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.26 | 52.0 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.83 |
| Height | 67.6 Inches STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.35 | 68.5 Inches STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.87 | 67.9 Inches STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.38 |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Asian | 2 participants | 0 participants | 2 participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Black | 0 participants | 0 participants | 0 participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Caucasian | 9 participants | 4 participants | 13 participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Hispanic | 0 participants | 0 participants | 0 participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Other | 0 participants | 0 participants | 0 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 5 Participants | 2 Participants | 7 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 6 Participants | 2 Participants | 8 Participants |
| Weight | 179.7 lbs STANDARD_DEVIATION 37.25 | 183.5 lbs STANDARD_DEVIATION 38.1 | 180.7 lbs STANDARD_DEVIATION 36.13 |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | — / — | — / — |
| other Total, other adverse events | 9 / 11 | 1 / 4 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 3 / 11 | 1 / 4 |
Outcome results
Primary
Rate of Overall Success
Rate of overall success is reported as percent of subjects who met all of the following criteria: 1. fusion at all treated levels (e.g., one level for a one level fusion and two levels for a two level fusion); 2. pain/disability (Oswestry Disability Index) success; 3. neurological status success; 4. no serious adverse event classified as implant associated or implant/surgical procedure associated; 5. no additional surgical procedure classified as a failure.
Time frame: 24 months
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Investigational Group | Rate of Overall Success | 70.0 percentage of participants |
| Control Group | Rate of Overall Success | 50.0 percentage of participants |
Secondary
Blood Loss
Time frame: During the operation, an average of 200 minutes for investigational group and 281.5 minutes for control group
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Investigational Group | Blood Loss | 322.7 mls | Standard Deviation 267.73 |
| Control Group | Blood Loss | 200.0 mls | Standard Deviation 191.49 |
Secondary
Hospital Stay
Time frame: During the time of hospital stay
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Investigational Group | Hospital Stay | 4.2 days | Standard Deviation 1.17 |
| Control Group | Hospital Stay | 4.5 days | Standard Deviation 1 |
Secondary
Operative Time
Time frame: Operative time was recorded from skin incision to wound closure
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Investigational Group | Operative Time | 200.0 minutes | Standard Deviation 114.24 |
| Control Group | Operative Time | 281.5 minutes | Standard Deviation 38.17 |
Secondary
Percent of Subjects Who Had Additional Surgical Procedures/Interventions
Time frame: 24 months
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Investigational Group | Percent of Subjects Who Had Additional Surgical Procedures/Interventions | 18.2 percentage of participants |
| Control Group | Percent of Subjects Who Had Additional Surgical Procedures/Interventions | 50.0 percentage of participants |
Secondary
Rate of Fusion Success
Rate of fusion success is reported as percent of subjects having fusion success. The fusion success was defined radiologically as: 1. evidence of bridging bone; 2. no evidence of motion; 3. no evidence of radiolucency at greater than 50% of the superior or inferior PEEK spacer-vertebra interface.
Time frame: 24 months
Population: Eight investigational and 3 control subjects were evaluated for fusion success at 24 months.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Investigational Group | Rate of Fusion Success | 100.0 percentage of participants |
| Control Group | Rate of Fusion Success | 100.0 percentage of participants |
Secondary
Success Rate of Back Pain
Numerical rating scales were used to evaluate back pain intensity and frequency. Subjects rated their back pain intensity on a scale from 0-10, with a score of 0 representing no pain and a score of 10 representing pain as bad as it could be. Similarly, subjects recorded their back pain frequency on a scale from 0-10, with a score of 0 being pain none of the time and a score of 10 being pain all of the time. The total back pain score were the sum of pain intensity and frequency scores. Success rate of back pain is reported as percent of subjects whose back pain improvement met: pre-operative score - post-operative score \> 0.
Time frame: 24 months
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Investigational Group | Success Rate of Back Pain | 100.0 percentage of participants |
| Control Group | Success Rate of Back Pain | 100.0 percentage of participants |
Secondary
Success Rate of General Health Status
The Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form (SF-36) health survey was used to assess general health status. The SF-36 results were summarized into two components, a physical component summary (PCS) and a mental component summary (MCS). The scores for PCS and MCS are between 0 and 100, with higher scores denoting better quality of life. To be classified as a success, the following criteria must be met for SF-36 PCS and MCS, respectively: post-operative score - pre-operative score \>= 0. The results are reported as percent of subjects who have SF-36 PCS success, SF-36 MCS success, and overall SF-36 success.
Time frame: 24 months
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Investigational Group | Success Rate of General Health Status | Success of SF-36 MCS | 80.0 percentage of participants |
| Investigational Group | Success Rate of General Health Status | Overall SF-36 success | 70.0 percentage of participants |
| Investigational Group | Success Rate of General Health Status | Success of SF-36 PCS | 80.0 percentage of participants |
| Control Group | Success Rate of General Health Status | Overall SF-36 success | 75.0 percentage of participants |
| Control Group | Success Rate of General Health Status | Success of SF-36 PCS | 100.0 percentage of participants |
| Control Group | Success Rate of General Health Status | Success of SF-36 MCS | 75.0 percentage of participants |
Secondary
Success Rate of Leg Pain
Numerical rating scales were used to evaluate leg pain intensity and frequency. Subjects rated their leg pain intensity on a scale from 0-10, with a score of 0 representing no pain and a score of 10 representing pain as bad as it could be. Similarly, subjects recorded their leg pain frequency on a scale from 0-10, with a score of 0 being pain none of the time and a score of 10 being pain all of the time. The total leg pain score were the sum of pain intensity and frequency scores. Success rate of leg pain is reported as percent of subjects whose leg pain improvement met: pre-operative score - post-operative score \> 0.
Time frame: 24 months
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Investigational Group | Success Rate of Leg Pain | 90.0 percentage of participants |
| Control Group | Success Rate of Leg Pain | 100.0 percentage of participants |
Secondary
Success Rate of Neurological Status
Neurological status was assessed in six sections: motor, sensory, reflexes, straight leg raising, bowel function, and bladder function. Each of the sections had a number of elements. Success rate of neurological status is reported as percent of subjects whose neurological status was maintained or improved in three key neurological assessments-motor, sensory, and deep tendon reflexes.
Time frame: 24 months
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Investigational Group | Success Rate of Neurological Status | 80.0 percentage of participants |
| Control Group | Success Rate of Neurological Status | 50.0 percentage of participants |
Secondary
Success Rate of Oswestry Disability Index
ODI Questionnaire was used to assess patient back function. The ODI score ranges from 0-100. The best score is 0 (no disability) and worst is 100 (maximum disability). Success rate of Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) is reported as percent of subjects whose ODI score met: pre-operative score - post-operative score ≥ 15.
Time frame: 24 months
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Investigational Group | Success Rate of Oswestry Disability Index | 90.0 percentage of participants |
| Control Group | Success Rate of Oswestry Disability Index | 75.0 percentage of participants |