Recurrent Plasma Cell Myeloma, Refractory Plasma Cell Myeloma
Conditions
Brief summary
This phase II trial studies how well ixazomib citrate works in treating patients with multiple myeloma that has returned after a period of improvement (relapsed) but is not resistant to bortezomib (refractory). Ixazomib citrate may stop the growth of cancer cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth.
Detailed description
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine the confirmed overall response rate (\>= partial response \[PR\]) of ixazomib \[ixazomib citrate\], used as a single agent in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma, who are proteasome inhibitor naive (including bortezomib) naive OR have received less than 6 cycles of therapy with bortezomib and had a better than PR with no progression at the time of discontinuation. (Arm A - Permanently closed to accrual as of Addendum 5) II. To determine the confirmed overall response rate (\>= PR) of ixazomib at a 4 mg dose level in combination with dexamethasone in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma, who are proteasome inhibitor naive (including bortezomib) naive OR have received less than 6 cycles of therapy with bortezomib and had a better than PR with no progression at the time of discontinuation. (Arm B) III. To determine the confirmed overall response rate (\>= PR) of ixazomib at a 5.5 mg dose level in combination with dexamethasone in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma, who are proteasome inhibitor naive (including bortezomib) naive OR have received less than 6 cycles of therapy with bortezomib and had a better than PR with no progression at the time of discontinuation. (Arm C) IV. To determine the confirmed overall response rate (\>= PR) of ixazomib in combination with cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma, who are proteasome inhibitor naive (including bortezomib) naive OR have received less than 6 cycles of therapy with bortezomib and had a better than PR with no progression at the time of discontinuation. (Arm D) V. To determine the confirmed overall response rate (\>= PR) of ixazomib in combination with cyclophosphamide, daratumumab, and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma. (Arm E) SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine the overall response rate of ixazomib in combination with dexamethasone, when dexamethasone is added to ixazomib for lack of response or for progression. (Arm A) II. To determine the event free survival and overall survival among patients with relapsed myeloma following treatment with ixazomib with dexamethasone added for lack of response or progression. (Arm A) III. To determine the event free survival and overall survival among patients with relapsed myeloma following treatment with ixazomib at two different doses, in combination with dexamethasone. (Arms B and C) IV. To determine the event free survival and overall survival among patients with relapsed myeloma following treatment with ixazomib in combination with cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone. (Arm D) V. To determine the event free survival and overall survival among patients with relapsed myeloma following treatment with ixazomib in combination with cyclophosphamide, daratumumab, and dexamethasone. (Arm E) OUTLINE: Patients are randomized to 1 of 4 treatment arms (Arm A permanently closed to accrual as of Addendum 5). ARM A: Patients receive ixazomib citrate orally (PO) on days 1, 8, and 15. Patients with lack of minor response by the end of the second cycle or lack of partial response by the end of the fourth cycle also receive dexamethasone PO on days 1, 2, 8, 9, 15, and 16. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. ARM B: Patients receive ixazomib citrate PO on days 1, 8, and 15 and dexamethasone PO on days 1, 8, and 15. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. ARM C: Patients receive higher dose of ixazomib citrate PO on days 1, 8, and 15 and dexamethasone PO on days 1, 8, and 15. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. ARM D: Patients receive ixazomib citrate PO on days 1, 8, and 15 and cyclophosphamide PO (cycles 1-18 only) and dexamethasone PO on days 1, 8, 15, and 22. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. ARM E: Patients receive ixazomib citrate PO on days 1, 8, and 15, cyclophosphamide PO (cycles 1-12 only) on days 1, 8, 15, 22, and daratumumab intravenously (IV) on days 1, 8, 15, 22 (cycles 1-2), days 1 and 15 (cycles 3-6), and day 1 in all subsequent cycles. Patients also receive dexamethasone IV or PO on days 1, 8, 15, and 22. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up every 6 or 12 months for 2 years.
Interventions
DRUGCyclophosphamide
Given PO
BIOLOGICALDaratumumab
Given IV
DRUGDexamethasone
Given PO or IV
DRUGIxazomib Citrate
Given PO
OTHERLaboratory Biomarker Analysis
Correlative studies
Sponsors
Mayo Clinic
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Calculated creatinine clearance (using Cockcroft-Gault equation) \>= 30 mL/min (obtained =\< 14 days prior to registration) * Absolute neutrophil count \>= 1000/mL (obtained =\< 14 days prior to registration) * Untransfused platelet count \>= 75000/mL (obtained =\< 14 days prior to registration) * Hemoglobin \>= 8.0 g/dL (obtained =\< 14 days prior to registration) * Total bilirubin =\< 1.5 x the upper limit of the normal range (ULN) (obtained =\< 14 days prior to registration) * Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) =\< 3 x ULN (obtained =\< 14 days prior to registration) * Patients with relapsed multiple myeloma who have already received one or more standard treatment regimens * Measurable disease of multiple myeloma as defined by at least ONE of the following: * Serum monoclonal protein \>= 1.0 g/dL * \>= 200 mg of monoclonal protein in the urine on 24 hour electrophoresis * Serum immunoglobulin free light chain \>= 10 mg/dL AND abnormal serum immunoglobulin kappa to lambda free light chain ratio * For patients with extramedullary disease (EMD) measurable disease by computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or the CT portion of the positron emission tomography (PET)/CT: Must have at least one lesion that has a single diameter of \>= 2 cm. Skin lesions can be used if the area is \>= 2 cm in at least one diameter and measured with a ruler * Plasma cell count \>= 0.5 x 10\^9/L or 5 percent of the peripheral blood white cells * Plasma cell count if determined by flow cytometry, \>= 200/150,000 events * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) 0, 1, 2 * Provide informed written consent * Negative pregnancy test done =\< 7 days prior to registration, for women of childbearing potential only * Willing to return to consenting Mayo Clinic institution for follow-up during the Active Monitoring Phase of the study; Note: during the Active Monitoring Phase of a study (i.e., active treatment and observation), participants must be willing to return to the consenting institution for follow-up * Recovered (i.e., \< grade 1 toxicity) from the reversible effects of prior antineoplastic therapy * Arms A - D only: Patients should be proteasome inhibitor naive (including bortezomib and carfilzomib) OR have received less than 6 cycles of therapy with a bortezomib or carfilzomib containing regimen and were not refractory to the bortezomib or carfilzomib based regimen (less than a PR or progression on or within 60 days of discontinuation) * Arm E only: Negative hepatitis B test (defined by a negative test for hepatitis B surface antigen \[HBsAg\], or antibodies to hepatitis B surface and/or core antigens \[antiHBs or antiHBc\]) (added as of addendum 9); Note: patients with serologic findings suggestive of hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination (antiHBs positivity as the only serologic marker) AND a known history of prior HBV vaccination do not need to be tested for HBV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR); those who are PCR positive will be excluded
Exclusion criteria
* Recent prior chemotherapy: * Alkylators (e.g. melphalan, cyclophosphamide) =\< 14 days prior to registration * Anthracyclines =\< 14 days prior to registration * High dose corticosteroids, immune modulatory drugs (thalidomide or lenalidomide) =\< 7 days prior to registration * Prior therapy with any proteasome inhibitor other than bortezomib, carfilzomib, or ixazomib * Concomitant high dose corticosteroids other than what is part of treatment protocol (concurrent use of corticosteroids); EXCEPTION: patients may be on chronic steroids (maximum dose 20 mg/day prednisone equivalent) if they are being given for disorders other than myeloma, i.e., adrenal insufficiency, rheumatoid arthritis, etc * Diagnosed or treated for another malignancy within 2 years before study enrollment or previously diagnosed with another malignancy and have any evidence of residual disease; patients with nonmelanoma skin cancer or carcinoma in situ of any type are not excluded if they have undergone complete resection * Any of the following: * Pregnant women or women of reproductive ability who are unwilling to use 2 effective methods of contraception from the time of signing the informed consent form through 90 days after the last dose of study drug * Nursing women * Men who are unwilling to use a condom (even if they have undergone a prior vasectomy) while having intercourse with any woman, while taking the drug and for 30 days after stopping treatment * Other co-morbidity which would interfere with patient's ability to participate in trial, e.g. uncontrolled infection, uncompensated heart or lung disease * Other concurrent chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or any ancillary therapy considered investigational; NOTE: bisphosphonates are considered to be supportive care rather than therapy, and are thus allowed while on protocol treatment * Patient has \>= grade 3 peripheral neuropathy, or grade 2 with pain on clinical examination during the screening period * Major surgery within 14 days before study registration * Systemic treatment with strong inhibitors of cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily A (CYP3A) inducers (rifampin, rifapentine, rifabutin, carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital), or use of Ginkgo biloba or St. John's wort within 14 days before the first dose of study treatment * Evidence of current uncontrolled cardiovascular conditions, including cardiac arrhythmias, congestive heart failure, angina, or myocardial infarction within the past 6 months; Note: prior to study entry, any electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormality at screening must be documented by the investigator as not medically relevant * Known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive * Known hepatitis B surface antigen-positive status, or known or suspected active hepatitis C infection * Any serious medical or psychiatric illness that could, in the investigator's opinion, potentially interfere with the completion of treatment according to this protocol * Known allergy to any of the study medications, their analogues or excipients in the various formulations * Known gastrointestinal (GI) disease or GI procedure that could interfere with the oral absorption or tolerance of ixazomib including difficulty swallowing * Diarrhea \> grade 1, based on the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) grading, in the absence of antidiarrheals * Arm E only: Refractory to any combination of a proteasome inhibitor and daratumumab * Arm E only: Known chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with a forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) \< 50% of predicted normal. (Note that FEV1 testing is required for subjects suspected of having chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and subjects must be excluded if FEV1 \< 50% of predicted normal.) * Arm E only: Known moderate or severe persistent asthma within the past 2 years or currently has uncontrolled asthma of any classification
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Proportion of Confirmed Responses With Ixazomib Citrate Alone (Arm A [Closed]), Ixazomib Citrate With Dexamethasone (Arms B + C), or With Dexamethasone and Cyclophosphamide (Arm D), or With Dexamethasone, Cyclophosphamide, Daratumumab (Arm E) | 2.5 years | A confirmed response is defined as stringent complete response, complete response (CR), very good partial response, or partial response (PR) noted as the objective status on 2 separate evaluations while receiving ixazomib citrate with or without dexamethasone. The proportion of successes will be estimated by the number of successes divided by the total number of evaluable patients. 95% confidence intervals for the true success proportion will be calculated by the exact binomial method. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Confirmed Response Rate With the Addition of Dexamethasone (Arm A Only) | 2.5 years | Estimated by the number of patients who achieve a confirmed response at any time (with single agent ixazomib citrate or ixazomib citrate plus dexamethasone) divided by the number of evaluable patients. 95% confidence intervals for the true confirmed response rate will be calculated by the exact binomial method. |
| Overall Survival | 2.5 years | The distribution of survival time will be estimated using the method of Kaplan-Meier. |
| Event-free Survival | From registration to disease progression while receiving ixazomib citrate and dexamethasone, death due to any cause, or subsequent treatment for multiple myeloma, assessed up to 2.5 years | Date of progression will be defined as the date that the criteria for progressive disease were first met after initiation of dexamethasone. The distribution of event-free survival will be estimated using the method of Kaplan-Meier. |
| Incidence of Adverse Events | 2.5 years | Graded according to National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 3.0. The maximum grade for each type of adverse event, regardless of causality, will be recorded. The percentage of patients that experience a grade 3 or higher adverse event will be reported by arm. |
Countries
United States
Contacts
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORShaji K. Kumar, M.D.
Mayo Clinic in Rochester
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Arm A (Ixazomib Citrate and Dexamethasone, Closed to Accrual) Patients receive ixazomib citrate PO on days 1, 8, and 15. Patients with lack of minor response by the end of the second cycle or lack of partial response by the end of the fourth cycle also receive dexamethasone PO on days 1, 2, 8, 9, 15, and 16. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. | 33 |
| Arm B (Ixazomib Citrate and Dexamethasone) Patients receive ixazomib citrate PO on days 1, 8, and 15 and dexamethasone PO on days 1, 8, and 15. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. | 36 |
| Arm C (Higher-dose Ixazomib Citrate and Dexamethasone) Patients receive higher doses of ixazomib citrate PO on days 1, 8, and 15 and dexamethasone PO on days 1, 8, and 15. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. | 35 |
| Arm D (Ixazomib Citrate, Dexamethasone, and Cyclophosphamide) Patients receive ixazomib citrate PO on days 1, 8, and 15 and cyclophosphamide PO (cycles 1-18 only) and dexamethasone PO on days 1, 8, 15, and 22. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. | 37 |
| Arm E (Ixazomib Citrate, Cyclophosphamide, Daratumumab) Patients receive ixazomib citrate PO on days 1, 8, and 15, cyclophosphamide PO (cycles 1-12 only) on days 1, 8, 15, 22, and daratumumab IV on days 1, 8, 15, 22 (cycles 1-2), days 1 and 15 (cycles 3-6), and day 1 in all subsequent cycles. Patients also receive dexamethasone IV or PO on days 1, 8, 15, and 22. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. | 24 |
| Total | 165 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Arm A (Ixazomib Citrate and Dexamethasone, Closed to Accrual) | Arm B (Ixazomib Citrate and Dexamethasone) | Arm C (Higher-dose Ixazomib Citrate and Dexamethasone) | Arm D (Ixazomib Citrate, Dexamethasone, and Cyclophosphamide) | Arm E (Ixazomib Citrate, Cyclophosphamide, Daratumumab) | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 66.3 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.4 | 70.0 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.4 | 67.8 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.9 | 69.1 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.6 | 68.1 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.7 | 68.3 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.1 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 2 Participants | 1 Participants | 2 Participants | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 6 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 30 Participants | 34 Participants | 32 Participants | 36 Participants | 24 Participants | 156 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 1 Participants | 1 Participants | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 3 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 33 Participants | 36 Participants | 35 Participants | 36 Participants | 24 Participants | 164 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 15 Participants | 19 Participants | 13 Participants | 15 Participants | 6 Participants | 68 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 18 Participants | 17 Participants | 22 Participants | 22 Participants | 18 Participants | 97 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk | EG002 affected / at risk | EG003 affected / at risk | EG004 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 5 / 33 | 5 / 35 | 4 / 35 | 8 / 36 | 6 / 24 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 33 / 33 | 35 / 35 | 35 / 35 | 36 / 36 | 24 / 24 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 16 / 33 | 11 / 35 | 11 / 35 | 14 / 36 | 14 / 24 |
Outcome results
Primary
Proportion of Confirmed Responses With Ixazomib Citrate Alone (Arm A [Closed]), Ixazomib Citrate With Dexamethasone (Arms B + C), or With Dexamethasone and Cyclophosphamide (Arm D), or With Dexamethasone, Cyclophosphamide, Daratumumab (Arm E)
A confirmed response is defined as stringent complete response, complete response (CR), very good partial response, or partial response (PR) noted as the objective status on 2 separate evaluations while receiving ixazomib citrate with or without dexamethasone. The proportion of successes will be estimated by the number of successes divided by the total number of evaluable patients. 95% confidence intervals for the true success proportion will be calculated by the exact binomial method.
Time frame: 2.5 years
Population: All eligible patients that received treatment and a disease evaluation.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Arm A (Ixazomib Citrate and Dexamethasone) | Proportion of Confirmed Responses With Ixazomib Citrate Alone (Arm A [Closed]), Ixazomib Citrate With Dexamethasone (Arms B + C), or With Dexamethasone and Cyclophosphamide (Arm D), or With Dexamethasone, Cyclophosphamide, Daratumumab (Arm E) | 0.1563 proportion of participants |
| Arm B (Ixazomib Citrate and Dexamethasone) | Proportion of Confirmed Responses With Ixazomib Citrate Alone (Arm A [Closed]), Ixazomib Citrate With Dexamethasone (Arms B + C), or With Dexamethasone and Cyclophosphamide (Arm D), or With Dexamethasone, Cyclophosphamide, Daratumumab (Arm E) | 0.3143 proportion of participants |
| Arm C (Higher-dose Ixazomib Citrate and Dexamethasone) | Proportion of Confirmed Responses With Ixazomib Citrate Alone (Arm A [Closed]), Ixazomib Citrate With Dexamethasone (Arms B + C), or With Dexamethasone and Cyclophosphamide (Arm D), or With Dexamethasone, Cyclophosphamide, Daratumumab (Arm E) | 0.5429 proportion of participants |
| Arm D (Ixazomib Citrate, Dexamethasone, and Cyclophosphamide) | Proportion of Confirmed Responses With Ixazomib Citrate Alone (Arm A [Closed]), Ixazomib Citrate With Dexamethasone (Arms B + C), or With Dexamethasone and Cyclophosphamide (Arm D), or With Dexamethasone, Cyclophosphamide, Daratumumab (Arm E) | 0.6667 proportion of participants |
| Arm E (Ixazomib Citrate, Cyclophosphamide, Daratumumab) | Proportion of Confirmed Responses With Ixazomib Citrate Alone (Arm A [Closed]), Ixazomib Citrate With Dexamethasone (Arms B + C), or With Dexamethasone and Cyclophosphamide (Arm D), or With Dexamethasone, Cyclophosphamide, Daratumumab (Arm E) | 0.750 proportion of participants |
Secondary
Confirmed Response Rate With the Addition of Dexamethasone (Arm A Only)
Estimated by the number of patients who achieve a confirmed response at any time (with single agent ixazomib citrate or ixazomib citrate plus dexamethasone) divided by the number of evaluable patients. 95% confidence intervals for the true confirmed response rate will be calculated by the exact binomial method.
Time frame: 2.5 years
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Arm A (Ixazomib Citrate and Dexamethasone) | Confirmed Response Rate With the Addition of Dexamethasone (Arm A Only) | 0.3438 proportion of participants |
Secondary
Event-free Survival
Date of progression will be defined as the date that the criteria for progressive disease were first met after initiation of dexamethasone. The distribution of event-free survival will be estimated using the method of Kaplan-Meier.
Time frame: From registration to disease progression while receiving ixazomib citrate and dexamethasone, death due to any cause, or subsequent treatment for multiple myeloma, assessed up to 2.5 years
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Arm A (Ixazomib Citrate and Dexamethasone) | Event-free Survival | 11.5 Months |
| Arm B (Ixazomib Citrate and Dexamethasone) | Event-free Survival | 8.4 Months |
| Arm C (Higher-dose Ixazomib Citrate and Dexamethasone) | Event-free Survival | 7.8 Months |
| Arm D (Ixazomib Citrate, Dexamethasone, and Cyclophosphamide) | Event-free Survival | 18.8 Months |
| Arm E (Ixazomib Citrate, Cyclophosphamide, Daratumumab) | Event-free Survival | 29.5 Months |
Secondary
Incidence of Adverse Events
Graded according to National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 3.0. The maximum grade for each type of adverse event, regardless of causality, will be recorded and reported for each patient, and frequency tables will be reviewed to determine adverse event patterns.
Time frame: Up to 30 days after the last day of study drug treatment
Secondary
Overall Survival
The distribution of survival time will be estimated using the method of Kaplan-Meier.
Time frame: 2.5 years
Population: All eligible patients that started treatment.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Arm A (Ixazomib Citrate and Dexamethasone) | Overall Survival | NA Months |
| Arm B (Ixazomib Citrate and Dexamethasone) | Overall Survival | NA Months |
| Arm C (Higher-dose Ixazomib Citrate and Dexamethasone) | Overall Survival | NA Months |
| Arm D (Ixazomib Citrate, Dexamethasone, and Cyclophosphamide) | Overall Survival | NA Months |
| Arm E (Ixazomib Citrate, Cyclophosphamide, Daratumumab) | Overall Survival | NA Months |