Alcohol Abuse
Conditions
Brief summary
The overall goals of this study are to (1) expand knowledge about interactions of chlorzoxazone with alcohol by assessing the effects of chlorzoxazone compared to placebo in moderate and heavy social alcohol users and (2) to compare the effects of chlorzoxazone on visual cue induced alcohol craving to placebo in moderate to heavy social alcohol users.
Detailed description
The investigators propose a 45-day, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study in light to moderate and heavy alcohol users. The specific aims are to: 1. Determine if chlorzoxazone alters daily alcohol consumption by comparing the mean drinks consumed per day during chlorzoxazone administration compared with the mean drinks per day consumed during placebo administration. 2. To determine if polymorphisms in genes encoding for neurotransmitters or receptors involved in alcohol reward, abuse, dependence, craving, or relapse may predict the level of response to chlorzoxazone's effects on alcohol consumption or craving. 3. To investigate any change in alcohol craving during a cue induced craving task where participants view and respond to a number of images.
Interventions
DRUGParafon Forte
Drug: Parafon Forte administered at study visit Other: Placebo administered at study visit
Sponsors
University of California, San Francisco
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
TRIPLE (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
21 Years to 50 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria: Healthy adults who are social drinkers 21 - 50 years of age. 1. Moderate to heavy social drinkers (women=10-25 drinks/week, men=14-30 drinks/week). 2. If female, must be non-lactating, not pregnant, and using a reliable contraception method (i.e. abstinence, intrauterine device \[IUD\], or hormonal birth control). 3. Able and willing to provide written informed consent. 4. Able to understand and follow the instructions of the investigator, and understand all rating scales.
Exclusion criteria
1. Use of cocaine, amphetamines, hallucinogens, ecstasy, opiates, sedatives, pain pills, sleeping pills, or other psychoactive drugs more than twice a week. 2. A history of complicated alcohol or other drug withdrawal syndrome(s), e.g. delirium tremens or seizures. 3. Current physiological dependence on any psychoactive drug (except nicotine or caffeine) including alcohol, as determined by MD or NP assessment. 4. Current enrollment in an alcohol or other drug treatment program, or current legal problems relating to alcohol or other drug use, including awaiting trial or supervision by a parole or probation officer. 5. Currently trying to quit using alcohol and/or recreational drugs. 6. Clinically significant medical or psychiatric illness as determined by screening blood tests, medical history, and physical exam performed or reviewed by the study MD or NP. 7. Bilirubin more than 2 times the normal upper limit. 8. AST (SGOT), ALT (SGPT), or alkaline phosphatase more than 2 ½ times the normal upper limit. 9. Symptoms of liver disease, as assessed by MD or NP assessment (jaundice, Hx of hepatitis, itchy skin, etc.). 10. A current pregnancy, or a woman of child-bearing potential not currently using an adequate means of contraception. 11. BAC level greater than 0.05% at the beginning of Screening Visit, Visit 1 or Visit 4. 12. Neurological dysfunction or psychiatric disorder severe enough to interfere with assessment of outcome measures as defined above. 13. Known allergy to chlorzoxazone. 14. Has received an investigational drug within 30 days prior to Study Visit 2 (after screening visit). 15. Subjects who are unable to read or speak English. 16. Those who, in the opinion of the investigator, are considered unable to adhere to scheduled appointments, are unlikely to comply with the study protocol, or who are unsuitable for any other reason.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Alcohol Consumption in Drinks/Week. | 45 days | Each subject will record how many drinks/week they are consuming while on the study drug and placebo during the 45-day study. The primary outcome of this study is to determine the effect of chlorzoxazone on alcohol consumption. Reduction in alcohol consumption is measured utilizing behavioral inventories, electronic diaries, urine, and ethyl glucuronide. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Parafon Forte First, Then Placebo Participants will receive either 250 or 500 mg of chlorzoxazone BID (500 or 1000 mg/day) x 7 days followed by 500 or 1000 mg of chlorzoxazone BID (1000 or 2000 mg/day) x 7 days (1st intervention; 14 days), followed by a washout (7 days), and then followed by placebo (2nd intervention; 14 days). | 20 |
| Placebo First, Then Parafon Forte Participants will receive placebo (1st intervention; 14days) followed by a washout (7 days), and then followed by either 250 or 500 mg of chlorzoxazone BID (500 or 1000 mg/day) x 7 days followed by 500 or 1000 mg of chlorzoxazone BID (1000 or 2000 mg/day) x 7 days (2nd intervention; 14 days). | 20 |
| Total | 40 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Lost to Follow-up | 4 | 4 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Parafon Forte First, Then Placebo | Placebo First, Then Parafon Forte | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 20 Participants | 20 Participants | 40 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 10 Participants | 10 Participants | 20 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 10 Participants | 10 Participants | 20 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 48 | 0 / 48 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 48 | 0 / 48 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 48 | 0 / 48 |
Outcome results
Primary
Alcohol Consumption in Drinks/Week.
Each subject will record how many drinks/week they are consuming while on the study drug and placebo during the 45-day study. The primary outcome of this study is to determine the effect of chlorzoxazone on alcohol consumption. Reduction in alcohol consumption is measured utilizing behavioral inventories, electronic diaries, urine, and ethyl glucuronide.
Time frame: 45 days
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parafon Forte | Alcohol Consumption in Drinks/Week. | 83.43 number of drinks | Standard Deviation 55.65 |
| Placebo | Alcohol Consumption in Drinks/Week. | 75.97 number of drinks | Standard Deviation 42.16 |