Pain
Conditions
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the tolerability and safety of oral morphine sulfate in the treatment of postoperative pain in different pediatric age groups following multiple-dose administration. To determine multiple-dose pharmacokinetics (PK) of morphine sulfate in pediatric subjects. To compare plasma concentration of morphine sulfate in each age group of pediatric subjects with adult plasma morphine sulfate concentrations.
Interventions
DRUGMorphine Sulfate
Sponsors
Roxane Laboratories
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
2 Years to 17 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* parent or guardian provided written parental permission/informed consent, with subject assent (if required by local IRB). * The child is 2 years old through 17 years old, inclusive (at the time of informed consent signing). * A routine pediatric procedure is expected to require inpatient hospitalization postoperatively. * Must be an inpatient for the study treatment period. * Is expected by the investigator to require use of oral opioid for the treatment of postoperative pain. * Has the ability to read and understand the study procedures and has the ability to communicate meaningfully with the study investigator and staff (if the subject is of preverbal age or cannot read or communicate meaningfully, then the subject's parent or guardian must meet this criterion). * Child is expected to experience moderate to severe postoperative pain, in the investigator's opinion, during the immediate postoperative period after discontinuation of intermittent administration of IV opioid (preferably morphine) and is able to tolerate oral medications. * If female subject is of childbearing potential, she must have a negative pregnancy test result at screening (serum) and on the day of surgery prior to surgery (urine). * Must have vascular access to facilitate blood draws.
Exclusion criteria
* Has significant medical disease(s), laboratory abnormalities, or conditions(s) that in the investigator's judgment could compromise the subject's welfare, ability to communicate with study staff, complete study activities, or would otherwise contraindicate study participation. There is no minimum value for SpO2 for inclusion in the study; this should be based on the investigator's judgment. * Has used opioids chronically (e.g., codeine, morphine, oxycodone, or hydromorphone, for \>7 calendar days) within the previous 30 days. * Has known hypersensitivity or contraindication to receiving oral opioid(s). * Has a current active enteral malabsorption disorder. * Has impaired liver function (e.g., alanine aminotransferase \[ALT\] ≥3 times the upper limit of normal \[ULN\], or bilirubin ≥3 times ULN), known active hepatic disease (e.g., hepatitis), evidence of clinically significant chronic liver disease or other condition affecting the liver (e.g., chronic hepatitis) that may suggest the potential for an increased susceptibility to hepatic toxicity with oral morphine exposure. Subjects with no previous history of liver function impairment may be enrolled prior to receipt of screening laboratory testing results. * Has significantly impaired renal function or disease, as evidenced by an estimated glomerular filtration rate (i.e., from creatinine levels using the Schwartz formula) calculated to be less than one-third of normal for the applicable age of this study population. Subjects with no previous history of kidney function impairment may be enrolled prior to receipt of screening laboratory testing results. * Has a history of substance abuse or there is evidence of current substance abuse, in the investigator's opinion. * Has received epidural or regional anesthesia within 12 hours prior to the first dose of oral morphine sulfate. * Has participated in an interventional clinical study (investigational or marketed product) within 30 days before screening, or plans to participate in another clinical trial in the next 30 days.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Number of Subjects Who Experienced Adverse Events That Led to Study Discontinuation | Up to 21 days | The primary safety endpoints were the percentage of subjects who experienced any AEs that led to study discontinuation, percentage of subjects with SAEs and those with a sedation score of 4. Secondary safety endpoints included the percentage of subjects who experienced any AEs of special interest, which included sedation, respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting, and pruritus of moderate to severe intensity/grade. Additional secondary endpoints were the incidence, type, relationship to study drug, and severity of AEs, and the percentage of subjects with clinically significant decreases in SpO2 and respiratory rate, as assessed by the investigator. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Number of Subjects Who Experienced Adverse Events of Moderate to Severe Intensity / Grade | Up to 21 days | Subjects who experienced any AEs of special interest, which included sedation, respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting, and pruritus of moderate to severe intensity/grade |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Recruitment details
Recruitment 06 May 2011 to 10 April 2012. A total of 75 subjects were screened and 50 subjects were enrolled (i.e., received at least 1 dose of study drug)
Pre-assignment details
Only eligible pediatric subjects who signed the informed consent and completed all screening procedures within 14 days before the surgery were enrolled in the study.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Morphine Sulfate Morphine sulfate oral solution and Morphine sulfate tablets | 50 |
| Total | 50 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Morphine Sulfate |
|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 50 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 0 Participants |
| Age, Continuous | 9.3 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.03 |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 50 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 24 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 26 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk |
|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | — / — |
| other Total, other adverse events | 35 / 50 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 2 / 50 |
Outcome results
Primary
Number of Subjects Who Experienced Adverse Events That Led to Study Discontinuation
The primary safety endpoints were the percentage of subjects who experienced any AEs that led to study discontinuation, percentage of subjects with SAEs and those with a sedation score of 4. Secondary safety endpoints included the percentage of subjects who experienced any AEs of special interest, which included sedation, respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting, and pruritus of moderate to severe intensity/grade. Additional secondary endpoints were the incidence, type, relationship to study drug, and severity of AEs, and the percentage of subjects with clinically significant decreases in SpO2 and respiratory rate, as assessed by the investigator.
Time frame: Up to 21 days
Population: 75 subjects were screened and 50 subjects took at least one dose of oral morphine sulfate.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Morphine Sulfate | Number of Subjects Who Experienced Adverse Events That Led to Study Discontinuation | 1 participants |
Secondary
Number of Subjects Who Experienced Adverse Events of Moderate to Severe Intensity / Grade
Subjects who experienced any AEs of special interest, which included sedation, respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting, and pruritus of moderate to severe intensity/grade
Time frame: Up to 21 days
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Morphine Sulfate | Number of Subjects Who Experienced Adverse Events of Moderate to Severe Intensity / Grade | 19 participants |