Atherosclerosis, Hyperlipidemias, Inflammation
Conditions
Keywords
Milk, Homogenization, Postprandial hyperlipidemia, Postprandial inflammation, Overweight
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of homogenized, unhomogenized and skimmed milk on postprandial metabolism in healthy overweight men
Interventions
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTHomogenized milk
900 mL homogenized milk 2 slices of bread with marmalade 2 pieces of crisp bread
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTUnhomogenized milk
900 mL unhomogenized milk 2 slices of bread with marmalade 2 pieces of crisp bread
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTSkimmed Milk
900 mL skimmed milk 44 g of salted butter 2 slices of bread 2 pieces of crisp bread
Sponsors
Dutch Dairy Association (NZO)
Maastricht University Medical Center
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
SINGLE (Investigator)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
MALE
Age
18 Years to 70 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* men * aged between 18 and 70 years * Quetelet index between 25 - 30 kg/m2 * mean serum triacylglycerol (≤1.7 mmol/L (31))
Exclusion criteria
* women * indication for treatment with cholesterol-lowering drugs according to the Dutch Cholesterol Consensus (32) * lactose intolerance * current smoker * familial hypercholesterolemia * abuse of drugs * more than 21 alcoholic consumptions per week * no stable body weight (weight gain or loss \< 3 kg in the past three months) * use of medication or a diet known to affect serum lipid or glucose metabolism * severe medical conditions that might interfere with the study, such as epilepsy, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, inflammatory bowel diseases and rheumatoid arthritis. * active cardiovascular disease like congestive heart failure or recent (\<6 months) event (acute myocardial infarction, cerebro vascular accident) * use of an investigational product within the previous 1 month * not willing to stop the consumption of vitamin supplements, fish oil capsules or products rich in plant stanol or sterol esters 3 weeks before the start of the study * not willing to give up being a blood donor (or having donated blood) from 8 weeks before the start of the study and during the study * difficult venipuncture as evidenced during the screening visits
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Incremental Area Under the triacylglycerol Curve | during 8 hours after meal consumption |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Plasma inflammatory markers | during 8 hours after meal consumption |
| Markers of endothelial activation | during 8 hours after meal consumption |
Countries
Netherlands
Outcome results
None listed