Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Acute, Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Acute, Childhood, Leukemia, Lymphoblastic, Acute, T Cell, Leukemia, Lymphoblastic, Acute
Conditions
Keywords
Relapse, T cell, Lymphoblastic, Leukemia, EZN3042, Refractory, Precursor B, Pre B cell, Survivin, Acute, Childhood, Pediatric
Brief summary
An experimental drug called EZN-3042 targets survivin, a protein expressed in leukemia cells at relapse that promotes the leukemia cells to grow. The main goal of this phase I study is to find out the dose of EZN-3042 that can be safely given without serious side effects both alone and in combination with standard chemotherapy drugs during re-induction.
Detailed description
This is a phase I multi-site study of the new investigational agent EZN-3042, which is highly effective at blocking survivin and inhibiting survivin protein expression. Survivin plays pivotal roles in tumor formation by inhibiting cell death and regulating cell cycle progression. The primary objective is to study EZN-3042 in children with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Patients will receive 2 doses of EZN-3042 (and intrathecal cytarabine, conditionally) prior to initiating systemic therapy with vincristine, doxorubicin, prednisone and PEG-asparaginase. Patients with CNS 1 or 2 will also receive intrathecal methotrexate, and patients with CNS 3 will also receive triple intrathecal therapy (methotrexate, hydrocortisone, and cytarabine). Blood and bone marrow specimens will be drawn to measure minimal residual disease (MRD), pharmacokinetic levels of EZN-3042 and survivin expression. The study will follow a standard 3+3 dose escalation design. We hypothesize that EZN-3042 will be safe, tolerable and biologically active, when given both alone and in combination with standard re-induction chemotherapy.
Interventions
DRUGEZN-3042
Dose will be assigned at study entry. To be given as a 2 hour intravenous infusion on days -5, -2, 8, 15, 22 and 29. Dose levels: L0 (level zero): 1.5 mg/kg, L1: 2.5 mg/kg, L2: 5 mg/kg, L3: 6.5 mg/kg
DRUGCytarabine
Given intrathecally on day -6. Patients who may have received intrathecal chemotherapy within 7 days of day 0 as part of their prior maintenance chemotherapy (e.g. before the diagnosis of relapse) or as part of the diagnostic workup will not receive this dose of IT cytarabine. If given, dose is defined by age: 1-1.99 years: 30 mg 2-2.99 years: 50 mg Greater than or equal to 3 years: 70 mg. Cytarabine is also part of the triple intrathecal therapy given to CNS 3 patients on Days 8, 15, 22 and 29. Dose is defined by age: 1. \- 1.99 years: 16 mg 2. \- 2.99 years: 20 mg 3. \- 8.99 years: 24 mg Greater than or equal to 9 years: 30 mg
DRUGDoxorubicin
60 mg/m2/day given intravenous infusion (IV) over 15 minutes on day 1.
DRUGPrednisone
40 mg/m2/day divided BID or TID given orally on days 1 through 29. For patients who are unable to tolerate prednisone orally, substitute IV methylprednisolone at 80% of the oral prednisone dose.
DRUGVincristine
1.5 mg/m2/day (maximum dose 2 mg) given intravenous push over 1 minute or infusion via mini-bag as per institutional policy on days 1, 8, 15 and 22.
DRUGPEG-asparaginase
2500 IU/m2 intramuscular injection on days 2, 9, 16, 23. If available, Erwinia L-asparaginase may be substituted for pegaspargase in patients with clinically significant prior allergies to pegaspargase.
DRUGMethotrexate
Given intrathecally to patients with CNS1 or CNS2 disease at the dose defined by age below on days 15 and 36: 1-1.99 years: 8 mg 2-2.99 years: 10 mg 3-8.99 years: 12 mg Greater than or equal to 9 years: 15 mg Given as part of the Triple intrathecal therapy to patients with CNS 3 disease at the doses defined by age below on days 8, 15, 22 and 29: 1. \- 1.99 years: 8 mg 2. \- 2.99 years: 10 mg 3. \- 8.99 years: 12 mg Greater than or equal to 9 years: 15 mg
DRUGHydrocortisone
Given as part of the Triple intrathecal therapy to patients with CNS 3 disease at the doses defined by age below on days 8, 15, 22 and 29: 1. \- 1.99 years: 8 mg 2. \- 2.99 years: 10 mg 3. \- 8.99 years: 12 mg Greater than or equal to 9 years: 15 mg
Sponsors
Enzon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Therapeutic Advances in Childhood Leukemia Consortium
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
1 Years to 21 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Patients must be ≥1 and ≤ 21 years of age when originally diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). * Patients must have relapsed or refractory B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with ≥25% blasts in the bone marrow (M3), with or without extramedullary disease. * Patients may have central nervous system 1, 2 or 3 disease. * Karnofsky Performance Level ≥ 50 for patients \> 10 years of age and Lansky ≥ 50 for patients ≤ 10 years of age. * Patients must have had 2 or more prior therapeutic attempts defined as: * Relapse after going into remission from re-induction for the first or subsequent relapse (ie: 2nd , 3rd, 4th…relapse), or * Refractory disease after first or greater relapse and a single re-induction attempt. \*Please note, Enrollment will be restricted to at most one refractory patient in each cohort of 3 patients per dose level. * Patients with ALL who are refractory to frontline induction therapy are not eligible. * Patients who relapse while receiving standard ALL maintenance chemotherapy will not be required to have a waiting period before entry onto this study. * Patients who relapse when they are not receiving standard ALL maintenance therapy must have fully recovered from grade 3 or 4 toxic effects of all prior chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or radiotherapy prior to entering this study. * Cytotoxic Therapy: It must be at least 14 days since the completion of cytotoxic therapy (excluding hydroxyurea) at the time of study enrollment. * Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT): Patients who have experienced their relapse after a HSCT are eligible, provided they have no evidence of active Graft-versus-Host Disease (GVHD) and are at least 120 days post-transplant at the time of enrollment. * Prior anthracycline exposure: Patients must have ≤ 400 mg/m2 lifetime exposure of anthracycline chemotherapy. * Biologic (anti-neoplastic) therapy: It must be at least 7 days since the completion of therapy with a biologic agent at the time of study enrollment. For agents that have known adverse events occurring 7 days after administration, this period must be extended beyond the time during which adverse events are known to occur. * Patients must have a calculated creatinine clearance or radioisotope GRF ≥ 70mL/min/1.73m2 OR a normal serum creatinine based on the institutional normal values according to age. * Patient's ALT must be \< 5 x institutional upper limit of norm (ULN), unless the elevation is suspected to be disease-related. * Patient's total bilirubin must be ≤ 1.5 x ULN. * Patient's serum albumin must be ≥ 2 g/dL. * Patient must have prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT) and international normalized ratio (INR) ≤ 1.5 times the ULN. * Patient must have a shortening fraction ≥ 27% by echocardiogram or an ejection fraction ≥ 45% by gated nucleotide study. * Female patients of childbearing potential must have a negative urine or serum pregnancy test confirmed prior to enrollment. * Female patients with infants must agree not to breastfeed their infants while on this study. * Male and female patients of child-bearing potential must agree to use an effective method of contraception approved by the investigator during the study.
Exclusion criteria
* Patients with Down syndrome are excluded. * Patients with B-cell ALL (L3 morphology or evidence of myc translocation by molecular or cytogenetic technique) are not eligible * Patients who cannot receive asparaginase on this study due to prior pancreatitis, stroke or other toxicity are not eligible. * Patients with clinically significant prior allergies to PEG asparaginase are eligible if Erwinia L-asparaginase can be substituted. The study will not supply Erwinia. * Patients who initially receive asparaginase, but must discontinue due to toxicity, remain eligible. * Patients with documented active and uncontrolled infection at the time of study entry are not eligible. * Patient will be excluded if they are currently receiving other investigational drugs. * Patients will be excluded if they are taking strong CYP3A4 inducers or inhibitors. * Patients will be excluded if there is a plan to administer non-protocol chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or immunotherapy during the study period. * Patients will be excluded if they have significant concurrent disease, illness, psychiatric disorder or social issue that would compromise patient safety or compliance, interfere with consent, study participation, follow up, or interpretation of study results.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Maximum Tolerated Dose of EZN-3042 | 2 months | To determine the recommended dose of EZN-3042 administered weekly in combination with re-induction chemotherapy. Based on disease response at Day 36 and toxicity profile assessed until 30 days after discontinuation of study drug. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Number of Participants Who Showed a Decrease From Day -6 in Survivin Transcript Expression After EZN-3042 Administration | Day -6 to Day 0 | To evaluate primary target engagement of EZN-3042 we will examine survivin transcript and protein expression before (Day -6) and after EZN-3042 administration (Day 0) in enriched bone marrow blasts in children with relapsed B-precursor leukemia. |
Countries
Australia, United States
Participant flow
Recruitment details
3 patients were initially enrolled onto Dose Level 1. 1 of 3 patients were found to experience a dose limiting toxicity. 3 additional patients were enrolled onto dose level 1. Another 1 patient was found to experience a DLT that was deemed possibly related to study medication EZN-3042. Study dose was deescalated to dose level 0.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| EZN Dose Level 1 Dose Level 1 is the starting dose level. Patients will receive 2 doses of EZN-3042 at 2.5 mg/m2/day (and intrathecal cytarabine, conditionally) prior to initiating systemic therapy with vincristine, doxorubicin, prednisone and PEG-asparaginase, and then Day 8, 15, 22, and 29. If MTD is exceeded at dose level 1, the dose level will be deescalated to Dose Level 0. | 6 |
| Total | 6 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 | FG002 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Death | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | EZN Dose Level 1 |
|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 5 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 1 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 3 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 2 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 1 Participants |
| Prior HSCT No | 4 Participants |
| Prior HSCT Yes | 2 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 5 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 2 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 4 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk |
|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 4 / 6 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 6 / 6 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 3 / 6 |
Outcome results
Primary
Maximum Tolerated Dose of EZN-3042
To determine the recommended dose of EZN-3042 administered weekly in combination with re-induction chemotherapy. Based on disease response at Day 36 and toxicity profile assessed until 30 days after discontinuation of study drug.
Time frame: 2 months
Population: 6 patients were enrolled at Dose Level 1. Dose level deescalated to Dose level 0 after 2 patients in Dose Level 1 experienced dose limiting toxicities. No patients were accrued on Dose level 0 prior to study closure.
| Arm | Measure | Category | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| EZN Dose Level 1 | Maximum Tolerated Dose of EZN-3042 | Completed therapy w/o DLT | 4 Participants |
| EZN Dose Level 1 | Maximum Tolerated Dose of EZN-3042 | Experienced DLT | 2 Participants |
| EZN Dose Level 0 | Maximum Tolerated Dose of EZN-3042 | Completed therapy w/o DLT | 0 Participants |
| EZN Dose Level 0 | Maximum Tolerated Dose of EZN-3042 | Experienced DLT | 0 Participants |
Secondary
Number of Participants Who Showed a Decrease From Day -6 in Survivin Transcript Expression After EZN-3042 Administration
To evaluate primary target engagement of EZN-3042 we will examine survivin transcript and protein expression before (Day -6) and after EZN-3042 administration (Day 0) in enriched bone marrow blasts in children with relapsed B-precursor leukemia.
Time frame: Day -6 to Day 0
Population: Five patients provided samples for pharmacokinetic analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| EZN Dose Level 1 | Number of Participants Who Showed a Decrease From Day -6 in Survivin Transcript Expression After EZN-3042 Administration | 2 Participants |