Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Conditions
Keywords
clinically stable, COPD (GOLD-classification I-IV), COPD, breathing retraining, pulmonary rehabilitation, cardiac autonomic function, quality of life, exercise capacity, pulmonary function
Brief summary
Conventional pulmonary rehabilitation programs improve exercise tolerance, peripheral muscle strength, and health related quality of live but not pulmonary function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The role of breathing retraining techniques in the rehabilitation of patients with COPD remains unclear. The hypothesis to be tested in this study is that pulmonary function, cardio-pulmonary exercise capacity, health related quality of life and cardiac autonomic modulation of patients with COPD who undergo pulmonary rehabilitation plus breathing retraining will be better than that of patients undergoing a conventional pulmonary rehabilitation.
Detailed description
To address this uncertainty, we performed a randomized controlled trial to assess the effects of a 4-week rehabilitation program including breathing retraining on pulmonary function (PFT), cardio-pulmonary exercise capacity (CPET), health related quality of life (HRQL) and cardiac autonomic modulation (CAM). A randomized controlled trial comparing the effects of a conventional 4-week pulmonary rehabilitation program with those of a 4-week pulmonary rehabilitation program plus breathing retraining on pulmonary function (FEV1), cardiopulmonary exercise capacity (6-minute walking distance, 6MWD), health related quality of life (chronic respiratory questionnaire, CRQ) and cardiac autonomic function (rMSSD) was performed.
Interventions
In order to train effortless diaphragmatic breathing techniques the biofeedback loop starts at the sensor that measures the patient's breathing rhythm at both umbilical and abdominal level. The sensor is connected to an amplifier that converts the electrical impulses into acoustical and visual outputs. Patients were encouraged to regulate their breathing patterns at a 10-20% slower respiration rate resulting in increased tidal volumes. Furthermore, the patients were encouraged to reduce dynamic hyperinflation by completing the expiration prior to the initiation of the next breath while using pursed-lips breathing. Patients were trained to breath as comfortable as possible with predominant abdominal expansion during the inhalation and smooth abdominal contraction during exhalation.
Sponsors
University Hospital, Essen
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
40 Years to 85 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Clinically stable patients with COPD (GOLD-classification I-IV)
Exclusion criteria
* Patients with clinical signs of COPD exacerbation * Cardiac arrhythmia * Coronary artery disease * Primary pulmonary vascular disease * Oxygen desaturation to less than 80% during exercise on room air
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| cardiopulmonary exercise capacity | — | 6-minute walking distance, 6MWD |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| pulmonary function | — | pulmonary function (FEV1) |
| quality of life | — | health related quality of life (chronic respiratory questionnaire, CRQ) |
| autonomic function | — | cardiac autonomic function (rMSSD) |
Countries
Germany
Outcome results
None listed