Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Conditions
Keywords
Obstructive sleep apnea, neurocognitive function, cognition, pediatrics, children, continuous positive airway pressure therapy, sham treatment, randomized clinical trial, behavior, treatment
Brief summary
Obstructive sleep apnea is a problem for a large number of children and can result in problems with thinking patterns, behaviors and sleep if left untreated. Little is known about how positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy might help children who need treatment for obstructive sleep apnea. We will investigate how PAP therapy might be able to improve thinking patterns, behavior and sleep problems in children with obstructive sleep apnea.
Detailed description
Positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy has been shown to be an effective treatment which can improve neurocognitive performance and sleep patterns in adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, the effect of PAP therapy on neurocognitive, behavioral and sleep patterns in school-aged children with OSA is not well known. The goal of this innovative study is to conduct a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled, trial which will determine the effects of PAP therapy on neurocognitive and behavioral patterns and sleep architecture in children with OSA. A battery of neurocognitive tests and parent behavioral rating assessments will be given to school-aged children with OSA before, after 3 months and again after 6 months of treatment with PAP therapy only; or 3 months of PAP placebo use followed by 3 months of PAP therapy. Full polysomnography and PAP titration sleep studies will be performed following a night of adaptation sleep in a sleep laboratory at all three time points. Compliance to PAP therapy will be monitored on a daily basis with a remote internet-linked communicator that is attached to the participant's PAP pressure generator. The hypothesis of this ground-breaking project is that 3 months of continuous compliance to a regimen of PAP therapy will result in significant improvement in neurocognitive and behavioral patterns and that sleep architecture will be positively changed to become more reflective of normative values for school-aged children. The results of this innovative and ground-breaking study will have far-reaching effects for sleep clinicians and other health care providers in support of the continued use of PAP therapy as a treatment for OSA and to inform the health-care community about the efficacy of PAP therapy on neurocognition and behavior patterns in school-aged children with OSA.
Interventions
DEVICEPAP therapy
Nightly use of automatic positive airway pressure delivered at therapeutic levels and to be delivered through a nasal interface device selected to maximize comfort for each child.
DEVICESham PAP therapy
During sleep, the sham PAP device will administer a constant pressure of subtherapeutic air (approximately 1 cm of water) through a custom fit nasal interface chosen for the child's maximum comfort.
Sponsors
University of Tennessee
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
QUADRUPLE (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
6 Years to 12 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. Age between 6.0 and 11.9 years 2. Nocturnal PSG (polysomnography) shows an apnea/hypopnea index of at least 1.5-10 events on average per hour of sleep and an apnea index of less than 1 per hour (mild to moderate OSA group), or, PSG shows an apnea index of 1 or greater PLUS an apnea/hypopnea index of 10.0 or greater (severe OSA group). 3. English is spoken as the child's primary language. 4. Willingness to complete study protocol if randomized into the placebo treatment group. \-
Exclusion criteria
1. The presence of any other diagnosable sleep disorder other than OSA. 2. Previous use of PAP therapy for sleep disordered breathing at any time in the patient's history 3. Presence of health problems likely to interfere with neurocognitive test result interpretation, such as previously diagnosed psychiatric illness (i.e., attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression, psychoses) or medical genetic syndromes (i.e., Prader-Willi syndrome, Fragile X). 4. Presence of a chronic neurological disorder, chronic renal failure, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, or another chronic inflammatory condition. -
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Neurobehavioral and cognitive function | 6-12 months | a battery of tests designed to measure: academic achievement, reaction time, attention, working memory, executive function, decision making and mental flexibility, and fine motor speed and coordination. |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed