Allergic Asthma
Conditions
Brief summary
This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2-arm, 1-year study of participants who completed the EXCELS study (NCT00252135) and had received long-term treatment with Xolair. In addition, participants who did not participate in the EXCELS study but received long-term (\ 5 years) treatment with Xolair were allowed to enter the study.
Detailed description
The treatment designation for participants who reached the primary efficacy endpoint (1 protocol-defined severe asthma exacerbation) was unblinded to allow appropriate clinical intervention. Participants who had their treatment designation unblinded remained in the study for ongoing evaluation of safety and were allowed to continue on study drug known to be Xolair (or to start study drug known to be Xolair if they were in the placebo group).
Interventions
DRUGOmalizumab
Omalizumab was supplied as a sterile, white, preservative-free, lyophilized powder in single-use vials that was reconstituted with sterile water for injection.
DRUGPlacebo
Placebo contained the same ingredients as the omalizumab formulation, excluding omalizumab.
DRUGAsthma therapies
Participants could receive 1 or more of the following medications as concomitant asthma therapy: Inhaled corticosteroids; long acting beta-agonists; zafirlukast or other leukotriene receptor antagonist; zileuton or other 5-lipoxygenase enzyme inhibitors; oral, inhaled, and/or nasal anticholinergic therapy; mast-cell stabilizers; theophyllines; chronic oral corticosteroids, defined as a minimum dose of oral prednisone of 2 to 40 mg/day or 5 to 80 mg every other day.
Sponsors
Genentech, Inc.
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Investigator)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
17 Years to 70 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Signed Informed Consent Form (ICF). In the case of a minor, consent must be given by the child's parent or legally authorized representative. * Participants who have completed the EXCELS study prior to this study must have met all inclusion criteria for enrollment in the EXCELS study. * History of positive skin test or in vitro reactivity to an aeroallergen. * Continuous Xolair (omalizumab) exposure from the beginning of the EXCELS study to randomization into this study (if the participant participated in the EXCELS study), or within the previous 5 years prior to randomization into this study (if the participant did not participate in the EXCELS study). For the purposes of this study, continuous Xolair exposure is defined as having missed no more than 25% of scheduled Xolair doses. In addition, a maximum of 2 doses can be missed within the last 6 months before being randomized into this study. For participants who did not participate in the EXCELS study, missed-dose rates will be based on their injection records. * Patients who participated in the EXCELS study must have completed the EXCELS study and not discontinued Xolair since the completion of the EXCELS study. * Diagnosis of moderate to severe persistent allergic asthma while on Xolair as defined per physician's assessment. * Stable dosing of current asthma therapies, in addition to Xolair, over 2 months prior to enrollment. * Serum IgE level ≥ 30 to ≤ 700 IU/mL before initiation of Xolair treatment (prior to the EXCELS study enrollment or earlier). * Body weight ≥ 30 to ≤ 150 kg. * Treatment with Xolair consistent with the US package insert (USPI) (based on the dosing table, recommended dose, administration, and dosing interval) prior to enrollment to this study. * Participants who participated in the EXCELS study must be willing to allow their EXCELS study data to be used in this study as part of baseline demographic values (such as forced expiratory volume in 1 second \[FEV1\] and Asthma Control Test \[ACT\]), as documented in the ICF.
Exclusion criteria
* Participation in other therapy trials or planned participation during the following year from screening. * Contraindication to Xolair therapy (eg, participants who experienced a severe hypersensitivity reaction to Xolair). * Acute asthma exacerbation within the 2 months immediately prior to screening that required any of the following: Initiation of systemic corticosteroids, increased dosing of systemic corticosteroids relative to stable dose, doubling of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) dosing, emergency room visit, and hospitalization. * Any significant, or unstable, systemic disease (eg, infection, hematologic, renal, hepatic, cardiovascular diseases, or gastrointestinal diseases), or a recent hospitalization because of systemic disease within the previous 2 months. * Diagnosis of active lung disease other than asthma. * Having more than 10 pack-years smoking history. * Diagnosis of cystic fibrosis. * Use of an experimental drug within 30 days prior to study screening. * Unable or unwilling to comply with study procedures and visits (eg, spirometry, blood draws). * Have elevated serum IgE levels for reasons other than allergy (eg, parasite infections, hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, or bronchopulmonary aspergillosis). * Pregnancy, lactation, or any planned pregnancy in the following year.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Participants Not Experiencing a Protocol-defined Severe Exacerbation During the Study | Baseline to the end of the study (up to 52 weeks) | A protocol-defined severe exacerbation was a clinically significant worsening of asthma which, in the clinical judgment of the investigator, required at least 1 of the following: (1) Initiation of systemic corticosteroid treatment (tablets, suspension, or injection) or an increase in the level of systemic corticosteroid treatment from a stable maintenance dose for at least 3 days (For patients taking chronic oral corticosteroids, a protocol-defined severe exacerbation was any clinically significant worsening of asthma requiring ≥ 3 days of treatment with at least a 20 mg increase in the average daily dose of oral prednisone or a comparable dose of systemic corticosteroids) or (2) a hospitalization or emergency room visit because of asthma requiring systemic corticosteroids. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Time to the First Protocol-defined Severe Exacerbation | Baseline to the end of the study (up to 52 weeks) | A protocol-defined severe exacerbation was a clinically significant worsening of asthma which, in the clinical judgment of the investigator, required at least 1 of the following: (1) Initiation of systemic corticosteroid treatment (tablets, suspension, or injection) or an increase in the level of systemic corticosteroid treatment from a stable maintenance dose for at least 3 days (For patients taking chronic oral corticosteroids, a protocol-defined severe exacerbation was any clinically significant worsening of asthma requiring ≥ 3 days of treatment with at least a 20 mg increase in the average daily dose of oral prednisone or a comparable dose of systemic corticosteroids) or (2) a hospitalization or emergency room visit because of asthma requiring systemic corticosteroids. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Omalizumab Participants received omalizumab subcutaneously at the same dose and dosing interval as administered prior to enrollment in this study. The dose of omalizumab was either a minimum of 0.008 mg/kg/IgE (IU/mL) every 2 weeks or a minimum of 0.016 mg/kg/IgE (IU/mL) every 4 weeks for 48 weeks. | 88 |
| Placebo Participants received placebo subcutaneously at the same dosing interval as omalizumab was administered prior to enrollment in this study. | 88 |
| Total | 176 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Adverse Event | 0 | 2 |
| Overall Study | Lost to Follow-up | 0 | 1 |
| Overall Study | Patient Decision to Withdraw | 2 | 4 |
| Overall Study | Physician Decision | 8 | 7 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Omalizumab | Placebo | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 51.14 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.73 | 51.86 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.25 | 51.50 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.48 |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 63 Participants | 60 Participants | 123 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 25 Participants | 28 Participants | 53 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | — / — | — / — |
| other Total, other adverse events | 100 / 121 | 88 / 88 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 10 / 121 | 8 / 88 |
Outcome results
Primary
Percentage of Participants Not Experiencing a Protocol-defined Severe Exacerbation During the Study
A protocol-defined severe exacerbation was a clinically significant worsening of asthma which, in the clinical judgment of the investigator, required at least 1 of the following: (1) Initiation of systemic corticosteroid treatment (tablets, suspension, or injection) or an increase in the level of systemic corticosteroid treatment from a stable maintenance dose for at least 3 days (For patients taking chronic oral corticosteroids, a protocol-defined severe exacerbation was any clinically significant worsening of asthma requiring ≥ 3 days of treatment with at least a 20 mg increase in the average daily dose of oral prednisone or a comparable dose of systemic corticosteroids) or (2) a hospitalization or emergency room visit because of asthma requiring systemic corticosteroids.
Time frame: Baseline to the end of the study (up to 52 weeks)
Population: Intent-to-treat population: All randomized participants.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Omalizumab | Percentage of Participants Not Experiencing a Protocol-defined Severe Exacerbation During the Study | 67.0 Percentage of participants |
| Placebo | Percentage of Participants Not Experiencing a Protocol-defined Severe Exacerbation During the Study | 47.7 Percentage of participants |
95% CI: [5, 33.6]
Secondary
Time to the First Protocol-defined Severe Exacerbation
A protocol-defined severe exacerbation was a clinically significant worsening of asthma which, in the clinical judgment of the investigator, required at least 1 of the following: (1) Initiation of systemic corticosteroid treatment (tablets, suspension, or injection) or an increase in the level of systemic corticosteroid treatment from a stable maintenance dose for at least 3 days (For patients taking chronic oral corticosteroids, a protocol-defined severe exacerbation was any clinically significant worsening of asthma requiring ≥ 3 days of treatment with at least a 20 mg increase in the average daily dose of oral prednisone or a comparable dose of systemic corticosteroids) or (2) a hospitalization or emergency room visit because of asthma requiring systemic corticosteroids.
Time frame: Baseline to the end of the study (up to 52 weeks)
Population: Intent-to-treat population: All randomized participants.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Omalizumab | Time to the First Protocol-defined Severe Exacerbation | 21.7 Weeks |
| Placebo | Time to the First Protocol-defined Severe Exacerbation | 16.6 Weeks |