Breast Cancer
Conditions
Brief summary
This randomized, 3-arm, multicenter, phase III study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) with pertuzumab or trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) with pertuzumab-placebo (blinded for pertuzumab), versus the combination of trastuzumab (Herceptin) plus taxane (docetaxel or paclitaxel) in participants with HER2-positive progressive or recurrent locally advanced or previously untreated metastatic breast cancer. Participants will be randomized to 1 of 3 treatment arms (Arms A, B or C). Arm A will be open-label, whereas Arms B and C will be blinded.
Interventions
80 mg/m2 intravenously weekly for a minimum of 18 weeks
840 mg intravenously on day 1 of cycle 1 followed by 420 mg intravenously every 3 weeks in subsequent cycles
75 mg/m2 or 100 mg/m2 intravenously every 3 weeks for a minimum of 6 cycles.
840 mg intravenously on day 1 of cycle 1 followed by 420 mg intravenously every 3 weeks in subsequent cycles
trastuzumab \[Herceptin\] doses when administered with docetaxel: 8 mg/kg intravenously on cycle 1 followed by 6 mg/kg every 3 weeks in subsequent cycles or trastuzumab (Herceptin) doses when administered with paclitaxel: 4 mg/kg intravenously on day 1 of cycle 1 followed by 2 mg/kg weekly starting on day 8 of cycle 1.
3.6 mg/kg intravenously every 3 weeks
Sponsors
Study design
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
* Adult participants \>/=18 years of age * HER2-positive breast cancer * Histologically or cytologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the breast with locally recurrent or metastatic disease, and be a candidate for chemotherapy. Participants with locally advanced disease must have recurrent or progressive disease, which must not be amenable to resection with curative intent. * Participants must have measurable and/or non-measurable disease which must be evaluable per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status 0 or 1 * Adequate organ function as determined by laboratory results
Exclusion criteria
* History of prior (or any) chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer or recurrent locally advanced disease * An interval of \<6 months from the last dose of vinca-alkaloid or taxane cytotoxic chemotherapy until the time of metastatic diagnosis * Hormone therapy \<7 days prior to randomization * Trastuzumab therapy and/or lapatinib (neo- or adjuvant setting) \<21 days prior to randomization * Prior trastuzumab emtansine or pertuzumab therapy
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Participants With Death or Disease Progression According to Independent Review Facility (IRF) Assessment | Up to 48 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Screening, every 9 weeks for 81 weeks, then every 12 weeks thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose) | Tumor assessments were performed according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1, using radiographic images submitted to the IRF up to and including the confirmatory tumor assessment 4 to 6 weeks after study drug discontinuation. Disease progression was defined as a greater than or equal to (≥) 20 percent (%) and 5-millimeter (mm) increase in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum obtained during the study, or appearance of new lesion(s). The percentage of participants with death or disease progression was calculated as \[number of participants with event divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100. |
| Progression-Free Survival (PFS) According to IRF Assessment | Up to 48 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Screening, every 9 weeks for 81 weeks, then every 12 weeks thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose) | Tumor assessments were performed according to RECIST version 1.1, using radiographic images submitted to the IRF up to and including the confirmatory tumor assessment 4 to 6 weeks after study drug discontinuation. PFS was defined as the time from randomization to first documented disease progression or death from any cause. Disease progression was defined as a ≥20% and 5-mm increase in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum obtained during the study, or appearance of new lesion(s). Median duration of PFS was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis, and corresponding confidence intervals (CIs) were computed using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Participants With Death or Disease Progression According to Investigator Assessment | Up to 48 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Screening, every 9 weeks for 81 weeks, then every 12 weeks thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose) | Tumor assessments were performed by the investigator according to RECIST version 1.1. Disease progression was defined as a ≥20% and 5-mm increase in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum obtained during the study, or appearance of new lesion(s). The percentage of participants with death or disease progression was calculated as \[number of participants with event divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100. |
| PFS According to Investigator Assessment | Up to 48 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Screening, every 9 weeks for 81 weeks, then every 12 weeks thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose) | Tumor assessments were performed by the investigator according to RECIST version 1.1. PFS was defined as the time from randomization to first documented disease progression or death from any cause. Disease progression was defined as a ≥20% and 5-mm increase in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum obtained during the study, or appearance of new lesion(s). Median duration of PFS was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis, and corresponding CIs were computed using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method. |
| Percentage of Participants Experiencing Treatment Failure | Up to 48 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 | Treatment failure was defined as the discontinuation of all study medications in the treatment arm for any reason including disease progression, treatment toxicity, death, physician decision, or participant withdrawal. The percentage of participants with treatment failure was calculated as \[number of participants with event divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100. |
| Time to Treatment Failure (TTF) | Up to 48 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 | Treatment failure was defined as the discontinuation of all study medications in the treatment arm for any reason including disease progression, treatment toxicity, death, physician decision, or participant withdrawal. TTF was defined as the time from randomization to treatment failure. Median TTF was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis, and corresponding CIs were computed using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method. |
| One-Year Survival Rate | From randomization until 1 year | The percentage of participants alive at 1 year after randomization was estimated as the one-year survival rate using Kaplan-Meier analysis, and corresponding CIs were computed using Greenwood's estimate of the standard error. |
| Percentage of Participants With Grade ≥3 Adverse Events | Up to 50 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (continuously until 28 days after last dose | Adverse events were graded according to National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.0. Grade 3: Severe or medically significant but not immediately life-threatening; hospitalization or prolongation of hospitalization indicated; disabling; limiting self care activity of daily living with inability to perform bathing, dressing and undressing, feeding self, using the toilet, taking medications but not bedridden. Grade 4: An immediate threat to life. Urgent medical intervention is required in order to maintain survival. Grade 5: Death. |
| Percentage of Participants Who Died at 2 Years | From randomization until 2 years | — |
| Overall Survival Truncated at 2 Years | From randomization until 2 years | Overall Survival truncated at 2 years was defined as the percentage of participants alive at 2 years. |
| Percentage of Participants With Grade 5 Adverse Events | Up to 50 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (continuously until 28 days after last dose) | Adverse events were graded according to NCI CTCAE version 4.0. Grade 5 adverse events are those events which led to death. |
| Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Day 1, 8, and 15 of Cycle 1-3 and on Day 1 of each subsequent cycle up to 50 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 | Laboratory results were graded according to NCI CTCAE version 4.0. Grade 3: Severe or medically significant but not immediately life-threatening; hospitalization or prolongation of hospitalization indicated; disabling; limiting self care activity of daily living with inability to perform bathing, dressing and undressing, feeding self, using the toilet, taking medications but not bedridden. Grade 4: An immediate threat to life. Urgent medical intervention is required in order to maintain survival. |
| Percentage of Participants With Decline of ≥2 Points From Baseline in Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status | Baseline, Day 1 of every Cycle up to Clinical Data Cut (up to 48 months) | The ECOG performance status is a scale used to quantify cancer participants' general well-being and activities of daily life. The scale ranges from 0 to 5, with 0 denoting perfect health and 5 indicating death. The 6 categories are 0=Asymptomatic (Fully active, able to carry on all predisease activities without restriction), 1=Symptomatic but completely ambulatory (Restricted in physically strenuous activity but ambulatory and able to carry out work of a light or sedentary nature), 2=Symptomatic, \< 50% in bed during the day (Ambulatory and capable of all self-care but unable to carry out any work activities. Up and about more than 50% of waking hours), 3=Symptomatic, \> 50% in bed, but not bedbound (Capable of only limited self-care, confined to bed or chair 50% or more of waking hours), 4=Bedbound (Completely disabled. Cannot carry on any self-care. Totally confined to bed or chair), 5=Death. |
| Hospitalization Days | Up to 48 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 | Hospitalization was defined as a non-administration-related hospitalization due to serious adverse event, while on study treatment. Reported values represent number of days admitted per participants. |
| Percentage of Participants With Hospitalization | Up to 48 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 | Hospitalization was defined as a non-administration-related hospitalization due to serious adverse event, while on study treatment. |
| Percentage of Participants With Objective Response According to IRF Assessment | Up to 46 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Screening, every 9 weeks for 81 weeks, then every 12 weeks thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose) | Objective response was defined as having complete response (CR) or partial response (PR), assessed according to RECIST version 1.1, using radiographic images submitted to the IRF up to and including the confirmatory tumor assessment 4 to 6 weeks after study drug discontinuation. CR was defined as the disappearance of all target and non-target lesions and short-axis reduction in pathological lymph nodes to \<10 mm. PR was defined as a ≥30% decrease in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the Baseline sum. Response was determined using 2 consecutive tumor assessments at least 4 weeks apart. The percentage of participants with a best overall response of CR or PR (ie, the objective response rate \[ORR\]) was calculated as \[number of participants meeting the respective criteria divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100. Corresponding CIs were computed using the Blyth-Still-Casella exact method. |
| Percentage of Participants With Objective Response According to Investigator Assessment | Up to 46 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Screening, every 9 weeks for 81 weeks, then every 12 weeks thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose) | Objective response was defined as having CR or PR, assessed according to RECIST version 1.1, by investigator. CR was defined as the disappearance of all target and non-target lesions and short-axis reduction in pathological lymph nodes to \<10 mm. PR was defined as a ≥30% decrease in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the Baseline sum. Response was determined using 2 consecutive tumor assessments at least 4 weeks apart. The percentage of participants with a best overall response of CR or PR (ie, the ORR) was calculated as \[number of participants meeting the respective criteria divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100. Corresponding CIs were computed using the Blyth-Still-Casella exact method. |
| Duration of Response According to IRF Assessment | Up to 46 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Screening, every 9 weeks for 81 weeks, then every 12 weeks thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose) | Tumor assessments were performed according to RECIST version 1.1, using radiographic images submitted to the IRF up to and including the confirmatory tumor assessment 4 to 6 weeks after study drug discontinuation. Duration of response was defined as the time from confirmed PR or CR to first documented disease progression or death from any cause. CR was defined as the disappearance of all target lesions and non-target lesions and short-axis reduction in pathological lymph nodes to \<10 mm. PR was defined as a ≥30% decrease in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the Baseline sum. Response was determined using 2 consecutive tumor assessments at least 4 weeks apart. Median duration of response was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis, and corresponding CIs were computed using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method. |
| Percentage of Participants With a Best Overall Response of CR, PR, or Stable Disease (SD) According to IRF Assessment | Up to 46 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Screening, every 9 weeks for 81 weeks, then every 12 weeks thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose) | Tumor assessments were performed according to RECIST version 1.1, using radiographic images submitted to the IRF up to and including the confirmatory tumor assessment 4 to 6 weeks after study drug discontinuation. CR was defined as the disappearance of all target and non-target lesions and short-axis reduction in pathological lymph nodes to \<10 mm. PR was defined as a ≥30% decrease in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the Baseline sum. SD was defined as neither sufficient shrinkage to quality for PR nor sufficient (20%) increase to qualify for disease progression. Response was determined using 2 consecutive tumor assessments at least 4 weeks apart. The percentage of participants with a best overall response of CR, PR, or SD was calculated as \[number of participants meeting the respective criteria divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100. |
| Percentage of Participants Who Died Prior to Clinical Cutoff | Up to 70 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 15-May-2016 (every 3 months until death, loss to follow-up, withdrawal, or study termination) | The percentage of participants who died prior to clinical cutoff was calculated as \[number of participants with event divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100. |
| Percentage of Participants Reporting Nausea According to the Relevant Single Items of The FACT Colorectal Cancel (FACT-C) Module | At Baseline, Day 8 of Cycle 1, and Days 1 and 8 of Cycle 2 | The FACT-C is a self-reported instrument which measures HRQOL pertaining to colorectal cancer. Response options on each question may range from 0 (not at all) to 4 (very much). The percentage of participants with nausea was calculated using following formula: \[number of participants with any level of either symptom divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100. |
| Percentage of Participants Reporting Diarrhea According to the Relevant Single Items of The FACT-C Module | At Baseline, Day 8 of Cycle 1, and Days 1 and 8 of Cycle 2 | The FACT-C is a self-reported instrument which measures HRQOL pertaining to colorectal cancer. Response options on each question may range from 0 (not at all) to 4 (very much). The percentage of participants with diarrhea was calculated using following formula: \[number of participants with any level of either symptom divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100. |
| Percentage of Participants With a Clinically Significant Deterioration in Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) as Measured by FACT Breast (FACT-B) Trial Outcome Index-Physical Function Breast (TOI-PFB) Score | Up to 39 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Baseline, on Day 1 of Cycles 2 to 8 and every even-numbered cycle thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose) | The FACT-B is a self-reported instrument which measures HRQOL of participants with breast cancer. It consists of 5 subscales including physical well-being (PWB), social well-being (SWB), emotional well-being (EWB), functional well-being (FWB), and a breast cancer subscale (BCS). The TOI-PFB score is taken by adding the scores from the PWB (7 items), FWB (7 items), and BCS (9 items) subscales. Items are rated from 0 (not at all) to 4 (very much) and a total score is derived. Scores may range from 0 to 92, with higher scores indicating better HRQOL. A 5 point change has been identified as the clinically minimal important difference (CMID) on the FACT-TOI-PFB scale. The percentage of participants with deterioration was calculated as \[number of participants meeting the above threshold divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100. |
| Time to Deterioration in HRQoL as Assessed by FACT-B TOI-PFB Score | Baseline up to 39 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 | The FACT-B is a self-reported instrument which measures HRQOL of participants with breast cancer. It consists of 5 subscales including PWB, SWB, EWB, FWB, and BCS. The TOI-PFB score is taken by adding the scores from the PWB (7 items), FWB (7 items), and BCS (9 items) subscales. Items are rated from 0 (not at all) to 4 (very much) and a total score is derived. Scores may range from 0 to 92, with higher scores indicating better HRQOL. A 5 point change has been identified as the clinically minimal important difference (CMID) on the FACT-TOI-PFB scale. Time to deterioration was defined as the time from Baseline until the first decrease in FACT-B TOI-PFB score. Median time to deterioration was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis, and corresponding CIs were computed using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method. |
| Change From Baseline in Rotterdam Symptom Checklist (RSCL) Activity Level Scale Score | Baseline, Cycle 7 (Week 18) | The RSCL is a self-reported instrument which consists of 4 domains including physical symptom distress, psychological distress, activity level, and overall global life quality. Only the activity level scale was collected and assessed. Scores may range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating increased burden of disease. Mean RSCL activity scale score changes were calculated as \[mean score at the assessment visit minus mean score at Baseline\]. The higher the score, the higher the level of impairment or burden. |
| Change From Baseline in Work Productivity According to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire Score | Baseline, Cycle 7 (Week 18) | The WPAI is a patient-reported measure which assesses the effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities. The General Health questionnaire asks participants to estimate the number of hours missed from work due to reasons related and unrelated to their health problems, as well as the total number of hours actually worked in the preceding 7-day period. The percentage of participants reporting that they were employed (working for pay) was assessed at baseline was assessed along with Absenteeism (work time missed), Presenteeism (impairment at work / reduced on-the-job effectiveness), Work productivity loss (overall work impairment / absenteeism plus presenteeism), and Activity Impairment. The reported changes represent change from baseline at Cycle 7. The score range for the scales of the WPAI is between 0 (no effect) to 100% (max effect) |
| Change From Baseline in Activity Impairment According to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire Score | Baseline, Cycle 7 (Week 18) | The WPAI is a patient-reported measure which assesses the effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities. The General Health questionnaire asks participants to estimate the number of hours missed from work due to reasons related and unrelated to their health problems, as well as the total number of hours actually worked in the preceding 7-day period. The percentage of participants reporting that they were employed (working for pay) was assessed at baseline was assessed along with Absenteeism (work time missed), Presenteeism (impairment at work / reduced on-the-job effectiveness), Work productivity loss (overall work impairment / absenteeism plus presenteeism), and Activity Impairment. The reported changes represent change from baseline at Cycle 7. The score range for the scales of the WPAI is between 0 (no effect) to 100% (max effect). |
| Percentage of Participants With a Best Overall Response of CR or PR According to IRF Assessment Among Those With High Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) Messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA) Levels | Up to 46 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Screening, every 9 weeks for 81 weeks, then every 12 weeks thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose) | Tumor assessments were performed according to RECIST version 1.1, using radiographic images submitted to the IRF up to and including the confirmatory tumor assessment 4 to 6 weeks after study drug discontinuation. CR was defined as the disappearance of all target and non-target lesions and short-axis reduction in pathological lymph nodes to \<10 mm. PR was defined as a ≥30% decrease in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the Baseline sum. Response was determined using 2 consecutive tumor assessments at least 4 weeks apart. The percentage of participants with a best overall response of CR or PR (ie, the ORR) was calculated as \[number of participants meeting the respective criteria divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100. |
| Percentage of Participants With a Best Overall Response of CR or PR According to IRF Assessment Among Those With Low HER2 mRNA Levels | Up to 46 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Screening, every 9 weeks for 81 weeks, then every 12 weeks thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose) | Tumor assessments were performed according to RECIST version 1.1, using radiographic images submitted to the IRF up to and including the confirmatory tumor assessment 4 to 6 weeks after study drug discontinuation. CR was defined as the disappearance of all target and non-target lesions and short-axis reduction in pathological lymph nodes to \<10 mm. PR was defined as a ≥30% decrease in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the Baseline sum. Response was determined using 2 consecutive tumor assessments at least 4 weeks apart. The percentage of participants with a best overall response of CR or PR (ie, the ORR) was calculated as \[number of participants meeting the respective criteria divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100. |
| Percentage of Participants With Death or Disease Progression According to IRF Assessment Among Those With High HER2 mRNA Levels | Up to 48 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Screening, every 9 weeks for 81 weeks, then every 12 weeks thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose) | Tumor assessments were performed according to RECIST version 1.1, using radiographic images submitted to the IRF up to and including the confirmatory tumor assessment 4 to 6 weeks after study drug discontinuation. Disease progression was defined as a ≥20% and 5-mm increase in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum obtained during the study, or appearance of new lesion(s). The percentage of participants with death or disease progression was calculated as \[number of participants with event divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100. |
| PFS According to IRF Assessment Among Those With High HER2 mRNA Levels | Up to 48 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Screening, every 9 weeks for 81 weeks, then every 12 weeks thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose) | Tumor assessments were performed according to RECIST version 1.1, using radiographic images submitted to the IRF up to and including the confirmatory tumor assessment 4 to 6 weeks after study drug discontinuation. PFS was defined as the time from randomization to first documented disease progression or death from any cause. Disease progression was defined as a ≥20% and 5-mm increase in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum obtained during the study, or appearance of new lesion(s). Median duration of PFS was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. |
| Percentage of Participants With Death or Disease Progression According to IRF Assessment Among Those With Low HER2 mRNA Levels | Up to 48 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Screening, every 9 weeks for 81 weeks, then every 12 weeks thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose) | Tumor assessments were performed according to RECIST version 1.1, using radiographic images submitted to the IRF up to and including the confirmatory tumor assessment 4 to 6 weeks after study drug discontinuation. Disease progression was defined as a ≥20% and 5-mm increase in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum obtained during the study, or appearance of new lesion(s). The percentage of participants with death or disease progression was calculated as \[number of participants with event divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100. |
| PFS According to IRF Assessment Among Those With Low HER2 mRNA Levels | Up to 48 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Screening, every 9 weeks for 81 weeks, then every 12 weeks thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose) | Tumor assessments were performed according to RECIST version 1.1, using radiographic images submitted to the IRF up to and including the confirmatory tumor assessment 4 to 6 weeks after study drug discontinuation. PFS was defined as the time from randomization to first documented disease progression or death from any cause. Disease progression was defined as a ≥20% and 5-mm increase in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum obtained during the study, or appearance of new lesion(s). Median duration of PFS was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. |
| Percentage of Participants Who Died Prior to Clinical Cutoff Among Those With High HER2 mRNA Levels | Up to 70 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 15-May-2016 (every 3 months until death, loss to follow-up, withdrawal, or study termination) | The percentage of participants who died prior to clinical cutoff was calculated as \[number of participants with event divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100. |
| OS at Clinical Cutoff Among Those With High HER2 mRNA Levels | Up to 70 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 15-May-2016 (every 3 months until death, loss to follow-up, withdrawal, or study termination) | OS was defined as the time from randomization to death from any cause. Median duration of OS was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. |
| Percentage of Participants Who Died Prior to Clinical Cutoff Among Those With Low HER2 mRNA Levels | Up to 70 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 15-May-2016 (every 3 months until death, loss to follow-up, withdrawal, or study termination) | The percentage of participants who died prior to clinical cutoff was calculated as \[number of participants with event divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100. |
| OS at Clinical Cutoff Among Those With Low HER2 mRNA Levels | Up to 70 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 15-May-2016 (every 3 months until death, loss to follow-up, withdrawal, or study termination) | OS was defined as the time from randomization to death from any cause. Median duration of OS was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Reported upper bound of confidence interval for Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo and confidence interval values for Trastuzumab + Taxane and Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab are censored values. |
| Percentage of Participants Experiencing a Clinically Significant Increase in Taxane-Related Treatment Symptoms as Measured by Taxane Subscale of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT) Taxane (FACT-TaxS) Score | Up to 39 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Baseline, on Day 1 of Cycles 2 to 8 and every even-numbered cycle thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose) | The FACT-Taxane is a self-reported instrument which measures the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of participants receiving taxane-containing chemotherapy. The FACT-TaxS consists of 16 items including 11 neurotoxicity-related questions and 5 additional questions assessing arthralgia, myalgia, and skin discoloration. Items are rated from 0 (not at all) to 4 (very much) and a total score is inversely derived. Scores may range from 0 to 64, with higher scores indicating fewer/no symptoms. A minimally clinically important difference in treatment-related symptoms was defined as a ≥5% decrease (ie, 3.2 points) in FACT-TaxS score from Baseline. The percentage of participants with treatment-related symptoms was calculated using following formula: \[number of participants meeting the above threshold divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100. Corresponding CIs were computed using the Blyth-Still-Casella exact method. |
| Overall Survival (OS) at Clinical Cutoff | Up to 70 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 15-May-2016 (every 3 months until death, loss to follow-up, withdrawal, or study termination) | OS was defined as the time from randomization to death from any cause. Median duration of OS was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis, and corresponding CIs were computed using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method. |
Countries
Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Czechia, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, North Macedonia, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, The Bahamas, Turkey (Türkiye), United Kingdom, United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane Participants received trastuzumab plus either docetaxel or paclitaxel. The regimen was chosen at the investigator's discretion. Option 1: trastuzumab 8 mg/kg via IV infusion on Day 1 of Cycle 1, then 6 mg/kg IV on Day 1 of each subsequent 3-week cycle; plus a minimum of 6 cycles with docetaxel 75 or 100 mg/m\^2 IV on Day 1 of each 3-week cycle. Option 2: trastuzumab 4 mg/kg IV on Day 1 of Cycle 1, then 2 mg/kg IV weekly beginning on Day 8 of Cycle 1; plus a minimum of 18 weeks with paclitaxel 80 mg/m\^2 IV weekly. Treatment continued until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or study termination. If trastuzumab or docetaxel were discontinued for toxicity, the other agent could be continued as monotherapy. | 365 |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo Participants received trastuzumab emtansine plus pertuzumab-placebo. Trastuzumab emtansine was administered as 3.6 mg/kg via IV infusion, following completion of the placebo IV infusion, on Day 1 of each 3-week cycle. Treatment continued until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or study termination. | 367 |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab Participants received trastuzumab emtansine plus pertuzumab. Trastuzumab emtansine was administered as 3.6 mg/kg via IV infusion, following completion of the pertuzumab IV infusion, on Day 1 of each 3-week cycle. Pertuzumab was given as 840 mg IV on Day 1 of Cycle 1, then 420 mg IV on Day 1 of each subsequent 3-week cycle. Treatment continued until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or study termination. | 363 |
| Total | 1,095 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 | FG002 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Adverse Event | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Overall Study | Death | 170 | 176 | 169 |
| Overall Study | Lost to Follow-up | 13 | 13 | 11 |
| Overall Study | Physician Decision | 9 | 1 | 3 |
| Overall Study | Reason not Specified | 8 | 3 | 12 |
| Overall Study | Sponsor Decision to Terminate Study | 133 | 144 | 143 |
| Overall Study | Subject/ Guardian Decision to Withdraw | 32 | 29 | 25 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Trastuzumab + Taxane | Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 54.2 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.3 | 52.6 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.4 | 52.2 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 12 | 53.0 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.6 |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 362 Participants | 365 Participants | 361 Participants | 1088 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 3 Participants | 2 Participants | 2 Participants | 7 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk | EG002 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | — / — | — / — | — / — |
| other Total, other adverse events | 342 / 353 | 352 / 361 | 352 / 366 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 81 / 353 | 86 / 361 | 93 / 366 |
Outcome results
Percentage of Participants With Death or Disease Progression According to Independent Review Facility (IRF) Assessment
Tumor assessments were performed according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1, using radiographic images submitted to the IRF up to and including the confirmatory tumor assessment 4 to 6 weeks after study drug discontinuation. Disease progression was defined as a greater than or equal to (≥) 20 percent (%) and 5-millimeter (mm) increase in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum obtained during the study, or appearance of new lesion(s). The percentage of participants with death or disease progression was calculated as \[number of participants with event divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100.
Time frame: Up to 48 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Screening, every 9 weeks for 81 weeks, then every 12 weeks thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose)
Population: ITT Population.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants With Death or Disease Progression According to Independent Review Facility (IRF) Assessment | 63.3 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants With Death or Disease Progression According to Independent Review Facility (IRF) Assessment | 64.3 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants With Death or Disease Progression According to Independent Review Facility (IRF) Assessment | 59.8 percentage of participants |
Progression-Free Survival (PFS) According to IRF Assessment
Tumor assessments were performed according to RECIST version 1.1, using radiographic images submitted to the IRF up to and including the confirmatory tumor assessment 4 to 6 weeks after study drug discontinuation. PFS was defined as the time from randomization to first documented disease progression or death from any cause. Disease progression was defined as a ≥20% and 5-mm increase in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum obtained during the study, or appearance of new lesion(s). Median duration of PFS was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis, and corresponding confidence intervals (CIs) were computed using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method.
Time frame: Up to 48 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Screening, every 9 weeks for 81 weeks, then every 12 weeks thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose)
Population: ITT Population.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Progression-Free Survival (PFS) According to IRF Assessment | 13.7 months |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Progression-Free Survival (PFS) According to IRF Assessment | 14.1 months |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Progression-Free Survival (PFS) According to IRF Assessment | 15.2 months |
Change From Baseline in Activity Impairment According to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire Score
The WPAI is a patient-reported measure which assesses the effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities. The General Health questionnaire asks participants to estimate the number of hours missed from work due to reasons related and unrelated to their health problems, as well as the total number of hours actually worked in the preceding 7-day period. The percentage of participants reporting that they were employed (working for pay) was assessed at baseline was assessed along with Absenteeism (work time missed), Presenteeism (impairment at work / reduced on-the-job effectiveness), Work productivity loss (overall work impairment / absenteeism plus presenteeism), and Activity Impairment. The reported changes represent change from baseline at Cycle 7. The score range for the scales of the WPAI is between 0 (no effect) to 100% (max effect).
Time frame: Baseline, Cycle 7 (Week 18)
Population: Number of participants analysed=participants from ITT population who reported conduct of daily activities. Here, 'n' signifies the number of participants with available data at specified category.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Change From Baseline in Activity Impairment According to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire Score | % Activity Impairment at Baseline (n=312,334,321) | 32.9 units on a scale |
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Change From Baseline in Activity Impairment According to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire Score | Change in % Activity Impairment (n=227,222,234) | 4.5 units on a scale |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Change From Baseline in Activity Impairment According to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire Score | % Activity Impairment at Baseline (n=312,334,321) | 33.6 units on a scale |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Change From Baseline in Activity Impairment According to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire Score | Change in % Activity Impairment (n=227,222,234) | -5.3 units on a scale |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Change From Baseline in Activity Impairment According to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire Score | % Activity Impairment at Baseline (n=312,334,321) | 32.7 units on a scale |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Change From Baseline in Activity Impairment According to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire Score | Change in % Activity Impairment (n=227,222,234) | -3.7 units on a scale |
Change From Baseline in Rotterdam Symptom Checklist (RSCL) Activity Level Scale Score
The RSCL is a self-reported instrument which consists of 4 domains including physical symptom distress, psychological distress, activity level, and overall global life quality. Only the activity level scale was collected and assessed. Scores may range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating increased burden of disease. Mean RSCL activity scale score changes were calculated as \[mean score at the assessment visit minus mean score at Baseline\]. The higher the score, the higher the level of impairment or burden.
Time frame: Baseline, Cycle 7 (Week 18)
Population: ITT Population. Here, 'n' signifies the number of participants with available data at baseline and Cycle 7 (Week 18).
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Change From Baseline in Rotterdam Symptom Checklist (RSCL) Activity Level Scale Score | Baseline (n=344,355,344) | 85.0 units on a scale |
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Change From Baseline in Rotterdam Symptom Checklist (RSCL) Activity Level Scale Score | Change From Baseline at Cycle 7 (n=261,252,261) | -1.6 units on a scale |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Change From Baseline in Rotterdam Symptom Checklist (RSCL) Activity Level Scale Score | Baseline (n=344,355,344) | 85.5 units on a scale |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Change From Baseline in Rotterdam Symptom Checklist (RSCL) Activity Level Scale Score | Change From Baseline at Cycle 7 (n=261,252,261) | 2.3 units on a scale |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Change From Baseline in Rotterdam Symptom Checklist (RSCL) Activity Level Scale Score | Baseline (n=344,355,344) | 85.7 units on a scale |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Change From Baseline in Rotterdam Symptom Checklist (RSCL) Activity Level Scale Score | Change From Baseline at Cycle 7 (n=261,252,261) | -0.2 units on a scale |
Change From Baseline in Work Productivity According to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire Score
The WPAI is a patient-reported measure which assesses the effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities. The General Health questionnaire asks participants to estimate the number of hours missed from work due to reasons related and unrelated to their health problems, as well as the total number of hours actually worked in the preceding 7-day period. The percentage of participants reporting that they were employed (working for pay) was assessed at baseline was assessed along with Absenteeism (work time missed), Presenteeism (impairment at work / reduced on-the-job effectiveness), Work productivity loss (overall work impairment / absenteeism plus presenteeism), and Activity Impairment. The reported changes represent change from baseline at Cycle 7. The score range for the scales of the WPAI is between 0 (no effect) to 100% (max effect)
Time frame: Baseline, Cycle 7 (Week 18)
Population: Number of participants analysed=participants from ITT population who were employed at baseline. Here, 'n' signifies the number of participants with available data at specified category.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Change From Baseline in Work Productivity According to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire Score | Change in % Overall Work Impairment (n=34,31,35) | 9.1 percent of work |
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Change From Baseline in Work Productivity According to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire Score | Change in % Work Time Missed (n=35,33,36) | 0.4 percent of work |
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Change From Baseline in Work Productivity According to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire Score | % Impairment While Working at Baseline(n=67,64,67) | 20.0 percent of work |
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Change From Baseline in Work Productivity According to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire Score | Change in % Impairment While Working (n=34,32,35) | 8.8 percent of work |
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Change From Baseline in Work Productivity According to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire Score | % Overall Work Impairment at Baseline (n=65,62,66) | 28.5 percent of work |
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Change From Baseline in Work Productivity According to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire Score | % Work Time Missed at Baseline (n=66,63,67) | 15.3 percent of work |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Change From Baseline in Work Productivity According to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire Score | % Work Time Missed at Baseline (n=66,63,67) | 9.5 percent of work |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Change From Baseline in Work Productivity According to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire Score | % Impairment While Working at Baseline(n=67,64,67) | 15.3 percent of work |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Change From Baseline in Work Productivity According to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire Score | Change in % Impairment While Working (n=34,32,35) | -0.3 percent of work |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Change From Baseline in Work Productivity According to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire Score | % Overall Work Impairment at Baseline (n=65,62,66) | 21.2 percent of work |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Change From Baseline in Work Productivity According to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire Score | Change in % Overall Work Impairment (n=34,31,35) | -1.1 percent of work |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Change From Baseline in Work Productivity According to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire Score | Change in % Work Time Missed (n=35,33,36) | -0.0 percent of work |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Change From Baseline in Work Productivity According to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire Score | Change in % Work Time Missed (n=35,33,36) | -4.3 percent of work |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Change From Baseline in Work Productivity According to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire Score | % Work Time Missed at Baseline (n=66,63,67) | 13.6 percent of work |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Change From Baseline in Work Productivity According to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire Score | Change in % Impairment While Working (n=34,32,35) | -2.7 percent of work |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Change From Baseline in Work Productivity According to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire Score | Change in % Overall Work Impairment (n=34,31,35) | -4.6 percent of work |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Change From Baseline in Work Productivity According to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire Score | % Impairment While Working at Baseline(n=67,64,67) | 19.9 percent of work |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Change From Baseline in Work Productivity According to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire Score | % Overall Work Impairment at Baseline (n=65,62,66) | 28.1 percent of work |
Duration of Response According to IRF Assessment
Tumor assessments were performed according to RECIST version 1.1, using radiographic images submitted to the IRF up to and including the confirmatory tumor assessment 4 to 6 weeks after study drug discontinuation. Duration of response was defined as the time from confirmed PR or CR to first documented disease progression or death from any cause. CR was defined as the disappearance of all target lesions and non-target lesions and short-axis reduction in pathological lymph nodes to \<10 mm. PR was defined as a ≥30% decrease in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the Baseline sum. Response was determined using 2 consecutive tumor assessments at least 4 weeks apart. Median duration of response was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis, and corresponding CIs were computed using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method.
Time frame: Up to 46 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Screening, every 9 weeks for 81 weeks, then every 12 weeks thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose)
Population: ITT Population. Only participants achieving CR or PR were included in the analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Duration of Response According to IRF Assessment | 12.5 months |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Duration of Response According to IRF Assessment | 20.7 months |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Duration of Response According to IRF Assessment | 21.2 months |
Hospitalization Days
Hospitalization was defined as a non-administration-related hospitalization due to serious adverse event, while on study treatment. Reported values represent number of days admitted per participants.
Time frame: Up to 48 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014
Population: Safety population. Number of participants analyzed=participants with hospitalization and data available for calculation of the parameter.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Hospitalization Days | 6 days |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Hospitalization Days | 5 days |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Hospitalization Days | 8 days |
One-Year Survival Rate
The percentage of participants alive at 1 year after randomization was estimated as the one-year survival rate using Kaplan-Meier analysis, and corresponding CIs were computed using Greenwood's estimate of the standard error.
Time frame: From randomization until 1 year
Population: ITT Population.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | One-Year Survival Rate | 91.4 percentage probability of being alive |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | One-Year Survival Rate | 92.4 percentage probability of being alive |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | One-Year Survival Rate | 91.9 percentage probability of being alive |
OS at Clinical Cutoff Among Those With High HER2 mRNA Levels
OS was defined as the time from randomization to death from any cause. Median duration of OS was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis.
Time frame: Up to 70 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 15-May-2016 (every 3 months until death, loss to follow-up, withdrawal, or study termination)
Population: ITT Population (High HER2 mRNA Subpopulation).
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | OS at Clinical Cutoff Among Those With High HER2 mRNA Levels | NA months |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | OS at Clinical Cutoff Among Those With High HER2 mRNA Levels | 65.97 months |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | OS at Clinical Cutoff Among Those With High HER2 mRNA Levels | 55.39 months |
OS at Clinical Cutoff Among Those With Low HER2 mRNA Levels
OS was defined as the time from randomization to death from any cause. Median duration of OS was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Reported upper bound of confidence interval for Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo and confidence interval values for Trastuzumab + Taxane and Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab are censored values.
Time frame: Up to 70 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 15-May-2016 (every 3 months until death, loss to follow-up, withdrawal, or study termination)
Population: ITT Population (Low HER2 mRNA Subpopulation).
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | OS at Clinical Cutoff Among Those With Low HER2 mRNA Levels | 43.96 months |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | OS at Clinical Cutoff Among Those With Low HER2 mRNA Levels | 47.84 months |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | OS at Clinical Cutoff Among Those With Low HER2 mRNA Levels | 53.29 months |
Overall Survival (OS) at Clinical Cutoff
OS was defined as the time from randomization to death from any cause. Median duration of OS was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis, and corresponding CIs were computed using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method.
Time frame: Up to 70 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 15-May-2016 (every 3 months until death, loss to follow-up, withdrawal, or study termination)
Population: ITT Population.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Overall Survival (OS) at Clinical Cutoff | 50.86 months |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Overall Survival (OS) at Clinical Cutoff | 53.68 months |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Overall Survival (OS) at Clinical Cutoff | 51.78 months |
Overall Survival Truncated at 2 Years
Overall Survival truncated at 2 years was defined as the percentage of participants alive at 2 years.
Time frame: From randomization until 2 years
Population: ITT Population.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Overall Survival Truncated at 2 Years | 79.7 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Overall Survival Truncated at 2 Years | 79.8 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Overall Survival Truncated at 2 Years | 80.4 percentage of participants |
Percentage of Participants Experiencing a Clinically Significant Increase in Taxane-Related Treatment Symptoms as Measured by Taxane Subscale of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT) Taxane (FACT-TaxS) Score
The FACT-Taxane is a self-reported instrument which measures the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of participants receiving taxane-containing chemotherapy. The FACT-TaxS consists of 16 items including 11 neurotoxicity-related questions and 5 additional questions assessing arthralgia, myalgia, and skin discoloration. Items are rated from 0 (not at all) to 4 (very much) and a total score is inversely derived. Scores may range from 0 to 64, with higher scores indicating fewer/no symptoms. A minimally clinically important difference in treatment-related symptoms was defined as a ≥5% decrease (ie, 3.2 points) in FACT-TaxS score from Baseline. The percentage of participants with treatment-related symptoms was calculated using following formula: \[number of participants meeting the above threshold divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100. Corresponding CIs were computed using the Blyth-Still-Casella exact method.
Time frame: Up to 39 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Baseline, on Day 1 of Cycles 2 to 8 and every even-numbered cycle thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose)
Population: ITT Population (Protocol Amendment C Subpopulation): All randomized participants who entered the study after Protocol Amendment C.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants Experiencing a Clinically Significant Increase in Taxane-Related Treatment Symptoms as Measured by Taxane Subscale of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT) Taxane (FACT-TaxS) Score | 93.1 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants Experiencing a Clinically Significant Increase in Taxane-Related Treatment Symptoms as Measured by Taxane Subscale of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT) Taxane (FACT-TaxS) Score | 60.8 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants Experiencing a Clinically Significant Increase in Taxane-Related Treatment Symptoms as Measured by Taxane Subscale of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT) Taxane (FACT-TaxS) Score | 68.8 percentage of participants |
Percentage of Participants Experiencing Treatment Failure
Treatment failure was defined as the discontinuation of all study medications in the treatment arm for any reason including disease progression, treatment toxicity, death, physician decision, or participant withdrawal. The percentage of participants with treatment failure was calculated as \[number of participants with event divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100.
Time frame: Up to 48 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014
Population: ITT Population.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants Experiencing Treatment Failure | 85.8 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants Experiencing Treatment Failure | 82.6 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants Experiencing Treatment Failure | 80.2 percentage of participants |
Percentage of Participants Reporting Diarrhea According to the Relevant Single Items of The FACT-C Module
The FACT-C is a self-reported instrument which measures HRQOL pertaining to colorectal cancer. Response options on each question may range from 0 (not at all) to 4 (very much). The percentage of participants with diarrhea was calculated using following formula: \[number of participants with any level of either symptom divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100.
Time frame: At Baseline, Day 8 of Cycle 1, and Days 1 and 8 of Cycle 2
Population: ITT Population (Protocol Amendment C Subpopulation). Only participants with a FACT-C score at the designated visit (n) were included in the analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants Reporting Diarrhea According to the Relevant Single Items of The FACT-C Module | Diarrhea, Baseline (n=173,170,153) | 15.0 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants Reporting Diarrhea According to the Relevant Single Items of The FACT-C Module | Diarrhea, Cycle 1 Day 8 (n=124,117,98) | 34.7 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants Reporting Diarrhea According to the Relevant Single Items of The FACT-C Module | Diarrhea, Cycle 2 Day 1 (n=161,160,144) | 24.2 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants Reporting Diarrhea According to the Relevant Single Items of The FACT-C Module | Diarrhea, Cycle 2 Day 8 (n=125,123,107) | 34.4 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants Reporting Diarrhea According to the Relevant Single Items of The FACT-C Module | Diarrhea, Cycle 2 Day 8 (n=125,123,107) | 8.1 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants Reporting Diarrhea According to the Relevant Single Items of The FACT-C Module | Diarrhea, Baseline (n=173,170,153) | 7.6 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants Reporting Diarrhea According to the Relevant Single Items of The FACT-C Module | Diarrhea, Cycle 2 Day 1 (n=161,160,144) | 11.3 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants Reporting Diarrhea According to the Relevant Single Items of The FACT-C Module | Diarrhea, Cycle 1 Day 8 (n=124,117,98) | 17.9 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants Reporting Diarrhea According to the Relevant Single Items of The FACT-C Module | Diarrhea, Cycle 2 Day 8 (n=125,123,107) | 41.1 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants Reporting Diarrhea According to the Relevant Single Items of The FACT-C Module | Diarrhea, Cycle 1 Day 8 (n=124,117,98) | 34.7 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants Reporting Diarrhea According to the Relevant Single Items of The FACT-C Module | Diarrhea, Cycle 2 Day 1 (n=161,160,144) | 39.6 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants Reporting Diarrhea According to the Relevant Single Items of The FACT-C Module | Diarrhea, Baseline (n=173,170,153) | 11.8 percentage of participants |
Percentage of Participants Reporting Nausea According to the Relevant Single Items of The FACT Colorectal Cancel (FACT-C) Module
The FACT-C is a self-reported instrument which measures HRQOL pertaining to colorectal cancer. Response options on each question may range from 0 (not at all) to 4 (very much). The percentage of participants with nausea was calculated using following formula: \[number of participants with any level of either symptom divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100.
Time frame: At Baseline, Day 8 of Cycle 1, and Days 1 and 8 of Cycle 2
Population: ITT Population (Protocol Amendment C Subpopulation). Only participants with a FACT-C score at the designated visit (n) were included in the analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants Reporting Nausea According to the Relevant Single Items of The FACT Colorectal Cancel (FACT-C) Module | Nausea, Baseline (n=166,166,150) | 22.3 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants Reporting Nausea According to the Relevant Single Items of The FACT Colorectal Cancel (FACT-C) Module | Nausea, Cycle 1 Day 8 (n=121,114,95) | 38.0 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants Reporting Nausea According to the Relevant Single Items of The FACT Colorectal Cancel (FACT-C) Module | Nausea, Cycle 2 Day 1 (n=147,151,138) | 27.2 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants Reporting Nausea According to the Relevant Single Items of The FACT Colorectal Cancel (FACT-C) Module | Nausea, Cycle 2 Day 8 (n=122,121,105) | 35.2 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants Reporting Nausea According to the Relevant Single Items of The FACT Colorectal Cancel (FACT-C) Module | Nausea, Cycle 2 Day 8 (n=122,121,105) | 28.1 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants Reporting Nausea According to the Relevant Single Items of The FACT Colorectal Cancel (FACT-C) Module | Nausea, Baseline (n=166,166,150) | 14.5 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants Reporting Nausea According to the Relevant Single Items of The FACT Colorectal Cancel (FACT-C) Module | Nausea, Cycle 2 Day 1 (n=147,151,138) | 20.5 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants Reporting Nausea According to the Relevant Single Items of The FACT Colorectal Cancel (FACT-C) Module | Nausea, Cycle 1 Day 8 (n=121,114,95) | 36.0 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants Reporting Nausea According to the Relevant Single Items of The FACT Colorectal Cancel (FACT-C) Module | Nausea, Cycle 2 Day 8 (n=122,121,105) | 45.7 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants Reporting Nausea According to the Relevant Single Items of The FACT Colorectal Cancel (FACT-C) Module | Nausea, Cycle 1 Day 8 (n=121,114,95) | 52.6 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants Reporting Nausea According to the Relevant Single Items of The FACT Colorectal Cancel (FACT-C) Module | Nausea, Cycle 2 Day 1 (n=147,151,138) | 36.2 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants Reporting Nausea According to the Relevant Single Items of The FACT Colorectal Cancel (FACT-C) Module | Nausea, Baseline (n=166,166,150) | 21.3 percentage of participants |
Percentage of Participants Who Died at 2 Years
Time frame: From randomization until 2 years
Population: ITT Population
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants Who Died at 2 Years | 20.3 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants Who Died at 2 Years | 20.2 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants Who Died at 2 Years | 19.6 percentage of participants |
Percentage of Participants Who Died Prior to Clinical Cutoff
The percentage of participants who died prior to clinical cutoff was calculated as \[number of participants with event divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100.
Time frame: Up to 70 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 15-May-2016 (every 3 months until death, loss to follow-up, withdrawal, or study termination)
Population: ITT Population.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants Who Died Prior to Clinical Cutoff | 46.3 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants Who Died Prior to Clinical Cutoff | 47.7 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants Who Died Prior to Clinical Cutoff | 46.3 percentage of participants |
Percentage of Participants Who Died Prior to Clinical Cutoff Among Those With High HER2 mRNA Levels
The percentage of participants who died prior to clinical cutoff was calculated as \[number of participants with event divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100.
Time frame: Up to 70 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 15-May-2016 (every 3 months until death, loss to follow-up, withdrawal, or study termination)
Population: ITT Population (High HER2 mRNA Subpopulation).
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants Who Died Prior to Clinical Cutoff Among Those With High HER2 mRNA Levels | 38.8 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants Who Died Prior to Clinical Cutoff Among Those With High HER2 mRNA Levels | 41.2 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants Who Died Prior to Clinical Cutoff Among Those With High HER2 mRNA Levels | 45.1 percentage of participants |
Percentage of Participants Who Died Prior to Clinical Cutoff Among Those With Low HER2 mRNA Levels
The percentage of participants who died prior to clinical cutoff was calculated as \[number of participants with event divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100.
Time frame: Up to 70 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 15-May-2016 (every 3 months until death, loss to follow-up, withdrawal, or study termination)
Population: ITT Population (Low HER2 mRNA Subpopulation).
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants Who Died Prior to Clinical Cutoff Among Those With Low HER2 mRNA Levels | 51.8 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants Who Died Prior to Clinical Cutoff Among Those With Low HER2 mRNA Levels | 52.9 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants Who Died Prior to Clinical Cutoff Among Those With Low HER2 mRNA Levels | 45.2 percentage of participants |
Percentage of Participants With a Best Overall Response of CR or PR According to IRF Assessment Among Those With High Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) Messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA) Levels
Tumor assessments were performed according to RECIST version 1.1, using radiographic images submitted to the IRF up to and including the confirmatory tumor assessment 4 to 6 weeks after study drug discontinuation. CR was defined as the disappearance of all target and non-target lesions and short-axis reduction in pathological lymph nodes to \<10 mm. PR was defined as a ≥30% decrease in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the Baseline sum. Response was determined using 2 consecutive tumor assessments at least 4 weeks apart. The percentage of participants with a best overall response of CR or PR (ie, the ORR) was calculated as \[number of participants meeting the respective criteria divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100.
Time frame: Up to 46 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Screening, every 9 weeks for 81 weeks, then every 12 weeks thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose)
Population: ITT Population (High HER2 mRNA Subpopulation): All randomized participants with above-the-median HER2 mRNA expression (value greater than \[\>\] 59.71). Only participants with measurable disease at Baseline were included in the analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants With a Best Overall Response of CR or PR According to IRF Assessment Among Those With High Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) Messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA) Levels | 75.0 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants With a Best Overall Response of CR or PR According to IRF Assessment Among Those With High Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) Messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA) Levels | 66.9 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants With a Best Overall Response of CR or PR According to IRF Assessment Among Those With High Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) Messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA) Levels | 63.9 percentage of participants |
Percentage of Participants With a Best Overall Response of CR or PR According to IRF Assessment Among Those With Low HER2 mRNA Levels
Tumor assessments were performed according to RECIST version 1.1, using radiographic images submitted to the IRF up to and including the confirmatory tumor assessment 4 to 6 weeks after study drug discontinuation. CR was defined as the disappearance of all target and non-target lesions and short-axis reduction in pathological lymph nodes to \<10 mm. PR was defined as a ≥30% decrease in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the Baseline sum. Response was determined using 2 consecutive tumor assessments at least 4 weeks apart. The percentage of participants with a best overall response of CR or PR (ie, the ORR) was calculated as \[number of participants meeting the respective criteria divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100.
Time frame: Up to 46 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Screening, every 9 weeks for 81 weeks, then every 12 weeks thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose)
Population: ITT Population (Low HER2 mRNA Subpopulation): All randomized participants with below-the-median HER2 mRNA expression (value less than or equal to \[≤\] 59.71). Only participants with measurable disease at Baseline were included in the analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants With a Best Overall Response of CR or PR According to IRF Assessment Among Those With Low HER2 mRNA Levels | 61.9 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants With a Best Overall Response of CR or PR According to IRF Assessment Among Those With Low HER2 mRNA Levels | 51.7 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants With a Best Overall Response of CR or PR According to IRF Assessment Among Those With Low HER2 mRNA Levels | 66.1 percentage of participants |
Percentage of Participants With a Best Overall Response of CR, PR, or Stable Disease (SD) According to IRF Assessment
Tumor assessments were performed according to RECIST version 1.1, using radiographic images submitted to the IRF up to and including the confirmatory tumor assessment 4 to 6 weeks after study drug discontinuation. CR was defined as the disappearance of all target and non-target lesions and short-axis reduction in pathological lymph nodes to \<10 mm. PR was defined as a ≥30% decrease in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the Baseline sum. SD was defined as neither sufficient shrinkage to quality for PR nor sufficient (20%) increase to qualify for disease progression. Response was determined using 2 consecutive tumor assessments at least 4 weeks apart. The percentage of participants with a best overall response of CR, PR, or SD was calculated as \[number of participants meeting the respective criteria divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100.
Time frame: Up to 46 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Screening, every 9 weeks for 81 weeks, then every 12 weeks thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose)
Population: Data were not analyzed. Protocol Amendment E removed this outcome measure as a secondary endpoint, because it was redundant to another prespecified secondary endpoint.
Percentage of Participants With a Clinically Significant Deterioration in Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) as Measured by FACT Breast (FACT-B) Trial Outcome Index-Physical Function Breast (TOI-PFB) Score
The FACT-B is a self-reported instrument which measures HRQOL of participants with breast cancer. It consists of 5 subscales including physical well-being (PWB), social well-being (SWB), emotional well-being (EWB), functional well-being (FWB), and a breast cancer subscale (BCS). The TOI-PFB score is taken by adding the scores from the PWB (7 items), FWB (7 items), and BCS (9 items) subscales. Items are rated from 0 (not at all) to 4 (very much) and a total score is derived. Scores may range from 0 to 92, with higher scores indicating better HRQOL. A 5 point change has been identified as the clinically minimal important difference (CMID) on the FACT-TOI-PFB scale. The percentage of participants with deterioration was calculated as \[number of participants meeting the above threshold divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100.
Time frame: Up to 39 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Baseline, on Day 1 of Cycles 2 to 8 and every even-numbered cycle thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose)
Population: ITT Population. Number of participants analyzed=participants with baseline and at least one post baseline FACT-B TOI-PFB score.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants With a Clinically Significant Deterioration in Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) as Measured by FACT Breast (FACT-B) Trial Outcome Index-Physical Function Breast (TOI-PFB) Score | 61.8 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants With a Clinically Significant Deterioration in Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) as Measured by FACT Breast (FACT-B) Trial Outcome Index-Physical Function Breast (TOI-PFB) Score | 50.9 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants With a Clinically Significant Deterioration in Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) as Measured by FACT Breast (FACT-B) Trial Outcome Index-Physical Function Breast (TOI-PFB) Score | 50.6 percentage of participants |
Percentage of Participants With Death or Disease Progression According to Investigator Assessment
Tumor assessments were performed by the investigator according to RECIST version 1.1. Disease progression was defined as a ≥20% and 5-mm increase in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum obtained during the study, or appearance of new lesion(s). The percentage of participants with death or disease progression was calculated as \[number of participants with event divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100.
Time frame: Up to 48 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Screening, every 9 weeks for 81 weeks, then every 12 weeks thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose)
Population: ITT Population.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants With Death or Disease Progression According to Investigator Assessment | 72.1 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants With Death or Disease Progression According to Investigator Assessment | 70.3 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants With Death or Disease Progression According to Investigator Assessment | 67.5 percentage of participants |
Percentage of Participants With Death or Disease Progression According to IRF Assessment Among Those With High HER2 mRNA Levels
Tumor assessments were performed according to RECIST version 1.1, using radiographic images submitted to the IRF up to and including the confirmatory tumor assessment 4 to 6 weeks after study drug discontinuation. Disease progression was defined as a ≥20% and 5-mm increase in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum obtained during the study, or appearance of new lesion(s). The percentage of participants with death or disease progression was calculated as \[number of participants with event divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100.
Time frame: Up to 48 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Screening, every 9 weeks for 81 weeks, then every 12 weeks thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose)
Population: ITT Population (High HER2 mRNA Subpopulation).
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants With Death or Disease Progression According to IRF Assessment Among Those With High HER2 mRNA Levels | 59.4 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants With Death or Disease Progression According to IRF Assessment Among Those With High HER2 mRNA Levels | 57.6 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants With Death or Disease Progression According to IRF Assessment Among Those With High HER2 mRNA Levels | 56.1 percentage of participants |
Percentage of Participants With Death or Disease Progression According to IRF Assessment Among Those With Low HER2 mRNA Levels
Tumor assessments were performed according to RECIST version 1.1, using radiographic images submitted to the IRF up to and including the confirmatory tumor assessment 4 to 6 weeks after study drug discontinuation. Disease progression was defined as a ≥20% and 5-mm increase in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum obtained during the study, or appearance of new lesion(s). The percentage of participants with death or disease progression was calculated as \[number of participants with event divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100.
Time frame: Up to 48 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Screening, every 9 weeks for 81 weeks, then every 12 weeks thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose)
Population: ITT Population (Low HER2 mRNA Subpopulation).
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants With Death or Disease Progression According to IRF Assessment Among Those With Low HER2 mRNA Levels | 66.5 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants With Death or Disease Progression According to IRF Assessment Among Those With Low HER2 mRNA Levels | 70.1 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants With Death or Disease Progression According to IRF Assessment Among Those With Low HER2 mRNA Levels | 62.4 percentage of participants |
Percentage of Participants With Decline of ≥2 Points From Baseline in Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status
The ECOG performance status is a scale used to quantify cancer participants' general well-being and activities of daily life. The scale ranges from 0 to 5, with 0 denoting perfect health and 5 indicating death. The 6 categories are 0=Asymptomatic (Fully active, able to carry on all predisease activities without restriction), 1=Symptomatic but completely ambulatory (Restricted in physically strenuous activity but ambulatory and able to carry out work of a light or sedentary nature), 2=Symptomatic, \< 50% in bed during the day (Ambulatory and capable of all self-care but unable to carry out any work activities. Up and about more than 50% of waking hours), 3=Symptomatic, \> 50% in bed, but not bedbound (Capable of only limited self-care, confined to bed or chair 50% or more of waking hours), 4=Bedbound (Completely disabled. Cannot carry on any self-care. Totally confined to bed or chair), 5=Death.
Time frame: Baseline, Day 1 of every Cycle up to Clinical Data Cut (up to 48 months)
Population: Safety population
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants With Decline of ≥2 Points From Baseline in Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status | 7.6 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants With Decline of ≥2 Points From Baseline in Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status | 6.1 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants With Decline of ≥2 Points From Baseline in Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status | 7.9 percentage of participants |
Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters
Laboratory results were graded according to NCI CTCAE version 4.0. Grade 3: Severe or medically significant but not immediately life-threatening; hospitalization or prolongation of hospitalization indicated; disabling; limiting self care activity of daily living with inability to perform bathing, dressing and undressing, feeding self, using the toilet, taking medications but not bedridden. Grade 4: An immediate threat to life. Urgent medical intervention is required in order to maintain survival.
Time frame: Day 1, 8, and 15 of Cycle 1-3 and on Day 1 of each subsequent cycle up to 50 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014
Population: Safety population. Number of participants analyzed=participants with available data for the outcome.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Hemoglobin-Low: Grade 3 | 4.3 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Creatinine-High: Grade 3 | 0.9 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Potassium-Low: Grade 4 | 0.6 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Alanine Transaminase-High: Grade 3 | 3.4 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Creatinine-High: Grade 4 | 0.0 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Neutrophils-Low: Grade 3 | 20.2 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Platelets-Low: Grade 4 | 0.3 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Potassium-Low: Grade 3 | 4.3 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Neutrophils-Low: Grade 4 | 43.8 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Alkaline Phosphate-High: Grade 3 | 1.1 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Platelets-Low: Grade 3 | 0.9 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Aspartate Aminotransferase-High: Grade 3 | 1.1 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Alanine Transaminase-High: Grade 4 | 0.0 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Aspartate Aminotransferase-High: Grade 4 | 0.0 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Total Bilirubin-High: Grade 3 | 0.3 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Alanine Transaminase-High: Grade 3 | 9.1 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Hemoglobin-Low: Grade 3 | 5.8 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Platelets-Low: Grade 3 | 12.7 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Platelets-Low: Grade 4 | 2.8 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Alkaline Phosphate-High: Grade 3 | 3.9 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Aspartate Aminotransferase-High: Grade 4 | 0.3 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Creatinine-High: Grade 3 | 0.3 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Creatinine-High: Grade 4 | 0.0 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Potassium-Low: Grade 3 | 4.7 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Total Bilirubin-High: Grade 3 | 0.3 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Neutrophils-Low: Grade 3 | 5.5 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Neutrophils-Low: Grade 4 | 1.9 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Alanine Transaminase-High: Grade 4 | 0.3 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Aspartate Aminotransferase-High: Grade 3 | 11.9 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Potassium-Low: Grade 4 | 1.7 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Neutrophils-Low: Grade 4 | 0.8 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Creatinine-High: Grade 4 | 0.3 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Alkaline Phosphate-High: Grade 3 | 3.0 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Creatinine-High: Grade 3 | 1.1 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Aspartate Aminotransferase-High: Grade 4 | 0.3 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Hemoglobin-Low: Grade 3 | 6.9 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Alanine Transaminase-High: Grade 4 | 0.6 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Alanine Transaminase-High: Grade 3 | 8.0 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Potassium-Low: Grade 4 | 0.6 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Aspartate Aminotransferase-High: Grade 3 | 6.9 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Total Bilirubin-High: Grade 3 | 0.3 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Platelets-Low: Grade 4 | 2.5 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Neutrophils-Low: Grade 3 | 5.0 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Potassium-Low: Grade 3 | 5.2 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants With Grade 3-4 Laboratory Parameters | Platelets-Low: Grade 3 | 12.9 percentage of participants |
Percentage of Participants With Grade ≥3 Adverse Events
Adverse events were graded according to National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.0. Grade 3: Severe or medically significant but not immediately life-threatening; hospitalization or prolongation of hospitalization indicated; disabling; limiting self care activity of daily living with inability to perform bathing, dressing and undressing, feeding self, using the toilet, taking medications but not bedridden. Grade 4: An immediate threat to life. Urgent medical intervention is required in order to maintain survival. Grade 5: Death.
Time frame: Up to 50 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (continuously until 28 days after last dose
Population: Safety Population: All treated participants. Additionally, 2 participants randomized to trastuzumab+taxane received 3 cycles of trastuzumab emtansine and were included in trastuzumab emtansine+placebo arm. 6 participants randomized to trastuzumab emtansine+placebo received pertuzumab and were included in trastuzumab emtansine+pertuzumab arm.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants With Grade ≥3 Adverse Events | 54.1 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants With Grade ≥3 Adverse Events | 45.4 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants With Grade ≥3 Adverse Events | 46.2 percentage of participants |
Percentage of Participants With Grade 5 Adverse Events
Adverse events were graded according to NCI CTCAE version 4.0. Grade 5 adverse events are those events which led to death.
Time frame: Up to 50 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (continuously until 28 days after last dose)
Population: Safety population
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants With Grade 5 Adverse Events | 1.7 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants With Grade 5 Adverse Events | 1.1 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants With Grade 5 Adverse Events | 1.9 percentage of participants |
Percentage of Participants With Hospitalization
Hospitalization was defined as a non-administration-related hospitalization due to serious adverse event, while on study treatment.
Time frame: Up to 48 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014
Population: Safety population
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants With Hospitalization | 21.8 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants With Hospitalization | 20.2 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants With Hospitalization | 22.1 percentage of participants |
Percentage of Participants With Objective Response According to Investigator Assessment
Objective response was defined as having CR or PR, assessed according to RECIST version 1.1, by investigator. CR was defined as the disappearance of all target and non-target lesions and short-axis reduction in pathological lymph nodes to \<10 mm. PR was defined as a ≥30% decrease in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the Baseline sum. Response was determined using 2 consecutive tumor assessments at least 4 weeks apart. The percentage of participants with a best overall response of CR or PR (ie, the ORR) was calculated as \[number of participants meeting the respective criteria divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100. Corresponding CIs were computed using the Blyth-Still-Casella exact method.
Time frame: Up to 46 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Screening, every 9 weeks for 81 weeks, then every 12 weeks thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose)
Population: ITT Population.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants With Objective Response According to Investigator Assessment | 69.3 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants With Objective Response According to Investigator Assessment | 64.6 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants With Objective Response According to Investigator Assessment | 67.5 percentage of participants |
Percentage of Participants With Objective Response According to IRF Assessment
Objective response was defined as having complete response (CR) or partial response (PR), assessed according to RECIST version 1.1, using radiographic images submitted to the IRF up to and including the confirmatory tumor assessment 4 to 6 weeks after study drug discontinuation. CR was defined as the disappearance of all target and non-target lesions and short-axis reduction in pathological lymph nodes to \<10 mm. PR was defined as a ≥30% decrease in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the Baseline sum. Response was determined using 2 consecutive tumor assessments at least 4 weeks apart. The percentage of participants with a best overall response of CR or PR (ie, the objective response rate \[ORR\]) was calculated as \[number of participants meeting the respective criteria divided by the number analyzed\] multiplied by 100. Corresponding CIs were computed using the Blyth-Still-Casella exact method.
Time frame: Up to 46 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Screening, every 9 weeks for 81 weeks, then every 12 weeks thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose)
Population: ITT Population. Only participants with measurable disease at Baseline were included in the analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Percentage of Participants With Objective Response According to IRF Assessment | 67.9 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Percentage of Participants With Objective Response According to IRF Assessment | 59.7 percentage of participants |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Percentage of Participants With Objective Response According to IRF Assessment | 64.2 percentage of participants |
PFS According to Investigator Assessment
Tumor assessments were performed by the investigator according to RECIST version 1.1. PFS was defined as the time from randomization to first documented disease progression or death from any cause. Disease progression was defined as a ≥20% and 5-mm increase in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum obtained during the study, or appearance of new lesion(s). Median duration of PFS was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis, and corresponding CIs were computed using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method.
Time frame: Up to 48 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Screening, every 9 weeks for 81 weeks, then every 12 weeks thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose)
Population: ITT Population.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | PFS According to Investigator Assessment | 12.5 months |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | PFS According to Investigator Assessment | 14.1 months |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | PFS According to Investigator Assessment | 14.8 months |
PFS According to IRF Assessment Among Those With High HER2 mRNA Levels
Tumor assessments were performed according to RECIST version 1.1, using radiographic images submitted to the IRF up to and including the confirmatory tumor assessment 4 to 6 weeks after study drug discontinuation. PFS was defined as the time from randomization to first documented disease progression or death from any cause. Disease progression was defined as a ≥20% and 5-mm increase in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum obtained during the study, or appearance of new lesion(s). Median duration of PFS was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis.
Time frame: Up to 48 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Screening, every 9 weeks for 81 weeks, then every 12 weeks thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose)
Population: ITT Population (High HER2 mRNA Subpopulation).
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | PFS According to IRF Assessment Among Those With High HER2 mRNA Levels | 15.9 months |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | PFS According to IRF Assessment Among Those With High HER2 mRNA Levels | 18.6 months |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | PFS According to IRF Assessment Among Those With High HER2 mRNA Levels | 18.7 months |
PFS According to IRF Assessment Among Those With Low HER2 mRNA Levels
Tumor assessments were performed according to RECIST version 1.1, using radiographic images submitted to the IRF up to and including the confirmatory tumor assessment 4 to 6 weeks after study drug discontinuation. PFS was defined as the time from randomization to first documented disease progression or death from any cause. Disease progression was defined as a ≥20% and 5-mm increase in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum obtained during the study, or appearance of new lesion(s). Median duration of PFS was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis.
Time frame: Up to 48 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014 (at Screening, every 9 weeks for 81 weeks, then every 12 weeks thereafter and/or up to 42 days after last dose)
Population: ITT Population (Low HER2 mRNA Subpopulation).
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | PFS According to IRF Assessment Among Those With Low HER2 mRNA Levels | 12.4 months |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | PFS According to IRF Assessment Among Those With Low HER2 mRNA Levels | 10.2 months |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | PFS According to IRF Assessment Among Those With Low HER2 mRNA Levels | 14.5 months |
Time to Deterioration in HRQoL as Assessed by FACT-B TOI-PFB Score
The FACT-B is a self-reported instrument which measures HRQOL of participants with breast cancer. It consists of 5 subscales including PWB, SWB, EWB, FWB, and BCS. The TOI-PFB score is taken by adding the scores from the PWB (7 items), FWB (7 items), and BCS (9 items) subscales. Items are rated from 0 (not at all) to 4 (very much) and a total score is derived. Scores may range from 0 to 92, with higher scores indicating better HRQOL. A 5 point change has been identified as the clinically minimal important difference (CMID) on the FACT-TOI-PFB scale. Time to deterioration was defined as the time from Baseline until the first decrease in FACT-B TOI-PFB score. Median time to deterioration was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis, and corresponding CIs were computed using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method.
Time frame: Baseline up to 39 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014
Population: ITT Population. Number of participants analyzed=participants with baseline and at least one post baseline FACT-B TOI-PFB score.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Time to Deterioration in HRQoL as Assessed by FACT-B TOI-PFB Score | 3.6 months |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Time to Deterioration in HRQoL as Assessed by FACT-B TOI-PFB Score | 7.7 months |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Time to Deterioration in HRQoL as Assessed by FACT-B TOI-PFB Score | 9.0 months |
Time to Treatment Failure (TTF)
Treatment failure was defined as the discontinuation of all study medications in the treatment arm for any reason including disease progression, treatment toxicity, death, physician decision, or participant withdrawal. TTF was defined as the time from randomization to treatment failure. Median TTF was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis, and corresponding CIs were computed using the Brookmeyer-Crowley method.
Time frame: Up to 48 months from randomization until clinical cutoff of 16-Sept-2014
Population: ITT Population.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Trastuzumab + Taxane | Time to Treatment Failure (TTF) | 10.2 months |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Placebo | Time to Treatment Failure (TTF) | 12.1 months |
| Trastuzumab Emtansine + Pertuzumab | Time to Treatment Failure (TTF) | 11.8 months |