Obesity Prevention
Conditions
Keywords
Appetite whole grain
Brief summary
Acute hunger-reducing effects (8h) has been documented for rye porridge breakfast compared with iso-caloric referenced refined wheat reference breakfast. The primary aim of the current study is to investigate whether this effects remains at regular consumption. A secondary aim is to compare the orocecal transit time (OCTT) between the two breakfasts.
Detailed description
The study is randomised and cross-over. During two 3-wk periods, separated by a 3-4-wks wash out, subjects will consume test breakfasts. During one of the periods test breakfast includes rye flake porridge and during the other period test breakfast include bread made from sifted wheat. The breakfast meals will be similar in calorie-, protein-, carbohydrate- and fat content. For all other days but 1, 8 and 22 of respective test period, the breakfast foods will be handed out to the participants along with instructions to exchange their ordinary breakfast with the test foods. During day 1, 8 and 22 the breakfasts will be served at the study centre. Following measurements will be made: 1. Subjective ratings of hunger, satiety and desire to eat during 24 h after breakfast on day 1, 8 and 22 during each 3-wk intervention period. 2. on day 8 during each intervention period, orocecal transit time and breath hydrogen will be measured after intake of the breakfast. 3. 3 day weighed food diaries will be taken at three occasions: at baseline and during the second week of each dietary intervention period.
Interventions
OTHERdietary intervention (rye porridge or wheat bread)
A breakfast consisting of either active (rye porridge) or control (wheat bread) is given during 2 3-wk intervention periods in a randomized cross-over design. The two dietary intervention periods are separated by a 3-4 wks wash out.
Sponsors
Lantmannen Research and Development
Good Food Practice, Sweden
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
20 Years to 60 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* man or woman aged between 20 and 60 years; * body mass index (BMI) 18-27 kg/m2; * habit of consuming breakfast, lunch and dinner every day; * and willingness to comply with the study procedures.
Exclusion criteria
* intake of medicine likely to affect appetite or food intake; * any medical condition involving the gastrointestinal tract; * eating disorder; * smoking; * consumption of more than three cups of coffee per day; * change in body weight more than 10% during three months prior to screening; * consumption of any restricted diet such as vegan, gluten-free, slimming; * pregnancy, lactation or wish to become pregnant during the study period; * any known intolerance towards salazopyrin and similar substances
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Appetite profile | 24 h | Subjective feelings of appetite (hunger, satiety and desire to eat) were assessed every 30 min, starting just before breakfast at 08:00 and continuing until bedtime. The last recording was made before breakfast on the following day. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| energy intake | 3 days | Weighed food records was completed by the subjects during baseline and each intervention phase. |
| Orocecal transit time | 8 h | Salazopyrin (two 500 mg tabelts) is taken after breakfast. The substance passes the stomach and small intestine unabsorbed and is broken down by microbial fermentation in the colon to sulphapyridine and 5-ASA. Sulphapyridine appearance in the blood is then measured as an indicator of colon arrival time. |
| Breath hydrogen | 8 h | — |
Countries
Sweden
Outcome results
None listed