Pulmonary Hypertension
Conditions
Brief summary
This is a prospective, randomized, parallel group study to assess the hemodynamic effect of three different dose regimens of a sustained release (SR) tablet of UT-15C in patients with exercise-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH), as measured by the change in peak total pulmonary resistance index (TPRI) during exercise from Baseline to Week 12.
Detailed description
Prospective, randomized, parallel group study with two periods: a 10 week, dose titration period, followed by a 2 week, dose maintenance period in patients with exercise-induced PH. The study population will be randomized into Dose Group 1, Dose Group 2, or an Individual Maximum Tolerated Dose (iMTD) of UT-15C SR by Week 10 and maintained through Week 12. Patients may be either currently receiving an approved oral background therapy for their PH (phosphodiesterase-5 \[PDE-5\] inhibitor, OR endothelin receptor antagonist \[ERA\]) (no dual background therapy), or not currently receiving therapy for PH.
Interventions
DRUGUT-15C
oral
Sponsors
United Therapeutics
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 75 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
- A subject was eligible for inclusion in this study if all of the following criteria applied: 1. Was between the ages of 18 and 75 years of age at Screening 2. Weighed a minimum of 40 kilograms with a body mass index less than 40 kg/m2 at Screening 3. Agreed to have right heart catheterization with exercise performed at Baseline and Week 12, or at the time of early discontinuation of study drug 4. Had exercise-induced PH at Baseline (defined as a PAPm ≥ 30 mmHg during exercise). Note: eligible subjects may or may not have had a PAPm ≥ 25 mmHg at rest 5. Exercise-induced PH may have been: 1. Idiopathic, heritable, drug- or toxin-induced PAH, or PAH associated with connective tissue diseases or HIV infection 2. Due to ILD 3. Due to sarcoidosis 6. Had a Baseline pulmonary function tests as follows: 1. Forced vital capacity (FVC) ≥ 50% (predicted) 2. If FVC \<50% (predicted), total lung capacity (TLC) must be ≥ 50% (predicted) 3. Forced expiratory volume / forced vital capacity (FEV / FVC) ratio ≥ 50% 7. Had a Baseline 6MWD between 150 and 450 meters, inclusive 8. Was optimally treated with conventional pulmonary hypertension therapy (e.g. oral vasodilators, oxygen, digoxin, etc) with no additions, discontinuations, or dose changes for at least 14 days prior to Baseline (excluding anticoagulants). Oral diuretics may have been adjusted, but not discontinued or added, within 14 days of Baseline 9. May or may not have been receiving an approved PDE-5 inhibitor OR an approved ERA. Subjects receiving an approved ERA or an approved PDE-5 inhibitor must have been on a stable dose for 30 days prior to Baseline, and were willing to remain on a PDE-5 inhibitor or an ERA and at the same dose for the duration of the 12-week Treatment Phase. If a subject chose to discontinue their PDE-5 or ERA prior to entering this study, they must have had a ≥30 day washout period between the last dose of the PDE-5 or ERA and start of the screening phase. 10. If female, was physiologically incapable of childbearing or practicing an acceptable method of birth control as deemed appropriate by the physician or institution. Women of childbearing potential had a negative serum pregnancy test at Screening 11. Was able to communicate effectively with study personnel, and considered reliable, willing and likely to be cooperative with protocol requirements, including attending all study visits, in the opinion of the Principal Investigator 12. Voluntarily gave informed consent to participate in the study.
Exclusion criteria
- A subject was not eligible for inclusion in this study if any of the following criteria applied: 1. Had received epoprostenol, treprostinil, iloprost, beraprost, or any other prostacyclin therapy within 30 days of Baseline (except if used during acute vasoreactivity testing) 2. Had previous intolerance or significant lack of efficacy to an oral or parenteral prostacyclin or prostacyclin analogue that resulted in discontinuation or inability to effectively titrate that therapy 3. Had a concurrent injury, illness (other than PH or a PH related condition), or other confounding factor that would prevent the accurate assessment of the subject's exercise capacity 4. Had a musculoskeletal disorder (e.g. recent hip replacement, artificial leg, etc.) or any other disease that was likely to limit ambulation, or was connected to a machine that was not portable 5. Had portal hypertension 6. Had congenital heart disease (repaired or unrepaired) 7. Had a history or current evidence of left-sided heart disease including myocardial infarction in the previous 3 years or mitral valve stenosis, or evidence of current left-sided heart disease as defined by mean resting pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWPm) or left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) \> 15 mmHg or left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) \< 45% (as assessed by either multigated acquisition \[MUGA\] scan, angiography or echocardiography), or symptomatic coronary artery disease (i.e., demonstrable ischemia either at rest or during exercise) 8. Had acute pulmonary embolism (less than 6 months), chronic thromboembolic disease, pulmonary veno-occlusive disease, or pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis 9. Had an atrial septostomy 10. Had a current diagnosis of uncontrolled sleep disordered breathing 11. Had PH associated with: 1. chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis, emphysema, alveolar hypoventilation disorders, chronic exposure to high altitude, developmental abnormalities, schistosomiasis, or chronic hemolytic anemia 2. hematologic disorders (myeloproliferative disorders, splenectomy) 3. metabolic disorders (glycogen storage disease, Gaucher disease, thyroid disorders 4. pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis, lymphangioleiomyomatosis, neurofibromatosis, vasculitis 5. tumoral obstruction, fibrosing mediastinitis, or extensive loss of lung tissue from surgery or trauma 12. Had chronic renal insufficiency as defined by either a Screening creatinine value greater than 2.5 mg/dL (221 μmol/L) or the requirement for dialysis. 13. Had liver function tests (AST or ALT) greater than three times the upper limit of normal at Screening. 14. Had anemia as defined by a Screening hemoglobin value of less than 10 g/dL, active infection, or any other condition that would interfere with the interpretation of study assessments. 15. Had uncontrolled systemic hypertension as evidenced by systolic blood pressure greater than 160 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure greater than 100 mmHg. 16. Was pregnant or nursing. 17. Had an unstable psychiatric condition or was mentally incapable of understanding the objectives, nature, or consequences of the trial, or had any condition which in the Investigator's opinion would constitute an unacceptable risk to the subject's safety. 18. Was receiving an investigational drug, had an investigational device in place or had participated in an investigational drug or device study within 30 days prior to Screening.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Peak Total Pulmonary Resistance Index (TPRI) During Exercise From Baseline to Week 12 | Baseline and Week 12 | The effects of 12-week treatment with different doses of UT-15C on peak TPRI during exercise will be evaluated by comparing the change from Baseline to Week 12 at peak wattage on a pairwise basis between treatment groups. The primary measure of efficacy was the change from Baseline to Week 12 in peak TPRI during exercise assessed 3 to 6 hours after the subject's morning dose of UT-15C to obtain measurements at peak concentrations of treprostinil. The equation used to determine the Total Pulmonary Resistance Index (TPRI) (mmHg/\[L/min/m\^2\]) is Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure (PAPm)/ Cardiac Index (CI). |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Cardiac Index (CI) From Baseline to Week 12 | Baseline and Week 12 | Cardiac Index (CI) relates the cardiac output (CO) from left ventricle to body surface area (BSA), thus relating heart performance to the size of the individual. The CI values and their respective changes from Baseline to Week 12 at peak exercise will be summarized by treatment group and measured by Swan-Ganz right heart catheterization. |
| Change in 6-minute Walk Distance (6MWD) From Baseline to Week 12 | Baseline and Week 12 | The intent of the 6MWD test is to evaluate exercise capacity associated with carrying out activities of daily living. Change in 6MWD from Baseline to Week 12, correlates with the current clinical standard for assessing patient functional status in the treatment of PH and is considered an objective measure of patient functional status by the American Thoracic Society (ATS). Subjects were instructed to walk down a corridor at a comfortable speed as far as they could manage for six minutes. Distance \<500 meters suggests considerable exercise limitation; Distance 500-800 meters suggests moderate limitation; Distance \>800 meters (with no rests) suggests mild or no limitation. |
| Change in Borg Dyspnea Score (Following 6MWT) From Baseline to Week 12 | Baseline and Week 12 | The Borg dyspnea score is a 10-point scale rating the maximum level of dyspnea (difficulty in breathing) experienced during the six-minute walk test (6MWT). The Borg dyspnea score was assessed immediately following the 6MWT. Scores ranged from 0 (for no shortness of breath) to 10 (for the greatest shortness of breath ever experienced). |
| Change in Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure (PAPm) From Baseline to Week 12 | Baseline and Week 12 | Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is an increase in pressure in the pulmonary vasculature defined as a mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAPm) greater than 25 mmHg at rest or greater than 30 mmHg with exercise, as measured by right heart catheterization. The PAPm values and their respective changes from Baseline to Week 12 at peak exercise will be summarized by treatment group and measured by Swan-Ganz right heart catheterization. |
| Number of Participants With a Change From Baseline World Health Organization (WHO) Functional Classification at Week 12 | Change from Baseline at Week 12 | The WHO Functional Class of pulmonary hypertension is a physical activity rating scale as follows: Class I: No limitation of physical activity. Class II: Slight limitation of physical activity. Class III: Marked limitation of physical activity. Class IV: Inability to carry out any physical activity without symptoms. Only participants who experienced a change in WHO functional classification from Baseline to Week 12 are described by class change below; all other participants maintained their Baseline WHO functional classification at Week 12. |
| Change in N-terminal Pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) Concentrations From Baseline to Week 12 | Baseline and Week 12 | The N-terminal pro-BNP (NT-proBNP) serum concentration was assessed to compare the severity of heart failure at Baseline and Week 12. |
| Change in PH Symptoms From Baseline to Week 12 | Change from Baseline at 12 Weeks | Symptoms of PH including fatigue, dyspnea, edema, dizziness, syncope, chest pain and orthopnea were assessed and severity grade values (i.e., 0, 1, 2 or 3) for each symptom were assigned for subjects. A severity of 0 indicated no symptoms, the maximum severity was 3, indicating severe symptoms. Median change in symptom severity from Baseline to Week 12 is described. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Recruitment details
The recruitment period for this study was May 2010 to October 2012. Sites were located in the US only.
Pre-assignment details
The 50 subjects who received a dose of study drug are presented here.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Dose Group 1 0.25 mg twice daily
UT-15C: oral | 11 |
| Dose Group 2 1.25 mg twice daily
UT-15C: oral | 19 |
| Dose Group 3 individual Maximum Tolerated Dose
UT-15C: oral | 20 |
| Total | 50 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 | FG002 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Adverse Event | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Overall Study | Death | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Overall Study | Withdrawal by Subject | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Dose Group 1 | Total | Dose Group 3 | Dose Group 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 53.1 years | 57.1 years | 57.6 years | 58.9 years |
| Background PAH Therapy Both PDE-5i and ERA Dual Therapy | 0 participants | 1 participants | 1 participants | 0 participants |
| Background PAH Therapy ERA | 4 participants | 9 participants | 1 participants | 4 participants |
| Background PAH Therapy No Background Therapy | 4 participants | 24 participants | 11 participants | 9 participants |
| Background PAH Therapy PDE-5i | 3 participants | 16 participants | 7 participants | 6 participants |
| Baseline Six-Minute Walk Distance (6MWD) | 366.0 meters STANDARD_DEVIATION 79.6 | 333.6 meters STANDARD_DEVIATION 68.1 | 311.4 meters STANDARD_DEVIATION 67.4 | 338.1 meters STANDARD_DEVIATION 55.7 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 0 Participants | 6 Participants | 3 Participants | 3 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 11 Participants | 44 Participants | 17 Participants | 16 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| PAH History Idiopathic, heritable or drug or toxin-induced PAH | 5 participants | 17 participants | 6 participants | 6 participants |
| PAH History PAH associated with connective tissue diseases | 5 participants | 24 participants | 10 participants | 9 participants |
| PAH History PAH associated with HIV | 0 participants | 0 participants | 0 participants | 0 participants |
| PAH History PH associated with interstitial lung disease (ILD) | 0 participants | 7 participants | 3 participants | 4 participants |
| PAH History PH associated with sarcoidosis | 1 participants | 2 participants | 1 participants | 0 participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 1 Participants | 3 Participants | 1 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 10 Participants | 47 Participants | 19 Participants | 18 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 11 participants | 50 participants | 20 participants | 19 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 11 Participants | 41 Participants | 15 Participants | 15 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 0 Participants | 9 Participants | 5 Participants | 4 Participants |
| World Health Organization (WHO) Functional Class Class I | 0 participants | 0 participants | 0 participants | 0 participants |
| World Health Organization (WHO) Functional Class Class II | 2 participants | 11 participants | 4 participants | 5 participants |
| World Health Organization (WHO) Functional Class Class III | 9 participants | 39 participants | 16 participants | 14 participants |
| World Health Organization (WHO) Functional Class Class IV | 0 participants | 0 participants | 0 participants | 0 participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk | EG002 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | — / — | — / — | — / — |
| other Total, other adverse events | 11 / 11 | 17 / 19 | 20 / 20 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 2 / 11 | 0 / 19 | 4 / 20 |
Outcome results
Primary
Change in Peak Total Pulmonary Resistance Index (TPRI) During Exercise From Baseline to Week 12
The effects of 12-week treatment with different doses of UT-15C on peak TPRI during exercise will be evaluated by comparing the change from Baseline to Week 12 at peak wattage on a pairwise basis between treatment groups. The primary measure of efficacy was the change from Baseline to Week 12 in peak TPRI during exercise assessed 3 to 6 hours after the subject's morning dose of UT-15C to obtain measurements at peak concentrations of treprostinil. The equation used to determine the Total Pulmonary Resistance Index (TPRI) (mmHg/\[L/min/m\^2\]) is Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure (PAPm)/ Cardiac Index (CI).
Time frame: Baseline and Week 12
Population: All subjects with Baseline and Week 12 TPRI values recorded were included in the analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dose Group 1 | Change in Peak Total Pulmonary Resistance Index (TPRI) During Exercise From Baseline to Week 12 | Week 12 | 14.608 mmHg/(L/min/m^2) | Standard Deviation 9.274 |
| Dose Group 1 | Change in Peak Total Pulmonary Resistance Index (TPRI) During Exercise From Baseline to Week 12 | Baseline | 15.096 mmHg/(L/min/m^2) | Standard Deviation 11.668 |
| Dose Group 1 | Change in Peak Total Pulmonary Resistance Index (TPRI) During Exercise From Baseline to Week 12 | Change from Baseline | -0.488 mmHg/(L/min/m^2) | Standard Deviation 7.132 |
| Dose Group 2 | Change in Peak Total Pulmonary Resistance Index (TPRI) During Exercise From Baseline to Week 12 | Week 12 | 14.509 mmHg/(L/min/m^2) | Standard Deviation 9.463 |
| Dose Group 2 | Change in Peak Total Pulmonary Resistance Index (TPRI) During Exercise From Baseline to Week 12 | Baseline | 13.954 mmHg/(L/min/m^2) | Standard Deviation 9.397 |
| Dose Group 2 | Change in Peak Total Pulmonary Resistance Index (TPRI) During Exercise From Baseline to Week 12 | Change from Baseline | 0.555 mmHg/(L/min/m^2) | Standard Deviation 4.428 |
| Dose Group 3 | Change in Peak Total Pulmonary Resistance Index (TPRI) During Exercise From Baseline to Week 12 | Baseline | 15.441 mmHg/(L/min/m^2) | Standard Deviation 10.013 |
| Dose Group 3 | Change in Peak Total Pulmonary Resistance Index (TPRI) During Exercise From Baseline to Week 12 | Change from Baseline | -2.019 mmHg/(L/min/m^2) | Standard Deviation 5.332 |
| Dose Group 3 | Change in Peak Total Pulmonary Resistance Index (TPRI) During Exercise From Baseline to Week 12 | Week 12 | 13.423 mmHg/(L/min/m^2) | Standard Deviation 7.257 |
Comparison: Peak total pulmonary resistance index (TPRI) is defined as the TPRI value observed during exercise at the highest matching wattage achieved at both Baseline and Week 12. Where peak wattage cannot be matched, the closest higher wattage will be chosen for comparison.p-value: 0.95Wilcoxon (Mann-Whitney)
Comparison: Peak total pulmonary resistance index (TPRI) is defined as the TPRI value observed during exercise at the highest matching wattage achieved at both Baseline and Week 12. Where peak wattage cannot be matched, the closest higher wattage will be chosen for comparison.p-value: 0.27Wilcoxon (Mann-Whitney)
Secondary
Change in 6-minute Walk Distance (6MWD) From Baseline to Week 12
The intent of the 6MWD test is to evaluate exercise capacity associated with carrying out activities of daily living. Change in 6MWD from Baseline to Week 12, correlates with the current clinical standard for assessing patient functional status in the treatment of PH and is considered an objective measure of patient functional status by the American Thoracic Society (ATS). Subjects were instructed to walk down a corridor at a comfortable speed as far as they could manage for six minutes. Distance \<500 meters suggests considerable exercise limitation; Distance 500-800 meters suggests moderate limitation; Distance \>800 meters (with no rests) suggests mild or no limitation.
Time frame: Baseline and Week 12
Population: All subjects with Baseline and Week 12 6MWD values recorded were included in the analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dose Group 1 | Change in 6-minute Walk Distance (6MWD) From Baseline to Week 12 | Week 12 | 407.6 meters | Standard Deviation 98.2 |
| Dose Group 1 | Change in 6-minute Walk Distance (6MWD) From Baseline to Week 12 | Baseline | 361.5 meters | Standard Deviation 82.4 |
| Dose Group 1 | Change in 6-minute Walk Distance (6MWD) From Baseline to Week 12 | Change from Baseline | 46.1 meters | Standard Deviation 74.9 |
| Dose Group 2 | Change in 6-minute Walk Distance (6MWD) From Baseline to Week 12 | Week 12 | 356.7 meters | Standard Deviation 89.8 |
| Dose Group 2 | Change in 6-minute Walk Distance (6MWD) From Baseline to Week 12 | Baseline | 338.0 meters | Standard Deviation 57.3 |
| Dose Group 2 | Change in 6-minute Walk Distance (6MWD) From Baseline to Week 12 | Change from Baseline | 18.7 meters | Standard Deviation 74.3 |
| Dose Group 3 | Change in 6-minute Walk Distance (6MWD) From Baseline to Week 12 | Baseline | 317.8 meters | Standard Deviation 55.2 |
| Dose Group 3 | Change in 6-minute Walk Distance (6MWD) From Baseline to Week 12 | Change from Baseline | 31.6 meters | Standard Deviation 64.9 |
| Dose Group 3 | Change in 6-minute Walk Distance (6MWD) From Baseline to Week 12 | Week 12 | 349.5 meters | Standard Deviation 89.8 |
Secondary
Change in Borg Dyspnea Score (Following 6MWT) From Baseline to Week 12
The Borg dyspnea score is a 10-point scale rating the maximum level of dyspnea (difficulty in breathing) experienced during the six-minute walk test (6MWT). The Borg dyspnea score was assessed immediately following the 6MWT. Scores ranged from 0 (for no shortness of breath) to 10 (for the greatest shortness of breath ever experienced).
Time frame: Baseline and Week 12
Population: All subjects with Baseline and Week 12 Borg dyspnea scores recorded were included in the analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dose Group 1 | Change in Borg Dyspnea Score (Following 6MWT) From Baseline to Week 12 | Week 12 | 2.5 score |
| Dose Group 1 | Change in Borg Dyspnea Score (Following 6MWT) From Baseline to Week 12 | Baseline | 3.0 score |
| Dose Group 1 | Change in Borg Dyspnea Score (Following 6MWT) From Baseline to Week 12 | Change from Baseline | 0.5 score |
| Dose Group 2 | Change in Borg Dyspnea Score (Following 6MWT) From Baseline to Week 12 | Week 12 | 3.0 score |
| Dose Group 2 | Change in Borg Dyspnea Score (Following 6MWT) From Baseline to Week 12 | Baseline | 3.8 score |
| Dose Group 2 | Change in Borg Dyspnea Score (Following 6MWT) From Baseline to Week 12 | Change from Baseline | 0.0 score |
| Dose Group 3 | Change in Borg Dyspnea Score (Following 6MWT) From Baseline to Week 12 | Baseline | 3.0 score |
| Dose Group 3 | Change in Borg Dyspnea Score (Following 6MWT) From Baseline to Week 12 | Change from Baseline | 0.0 score |
| Dose Group 3 | Change in Borg Dyspnea Score (Following 6MWT) From Baseline to Week 12 | Week 12 | 3.0 score |
Secondary
Change in Cardiac Index (CI) From Baseline to Week 12
Cardiac Index (CI) relates the cardiac output (CO) from left ventricle to body surface area (BSA), thus relating heart performance to the size of the individual. The CI values and their respective changes from Baseline to Week 12 at peak exercise will be summarized by treatment group and measured by Swan-Ganz right heart catheterization.
Time frame: Baseline and Week 12
Population: All subjects with Baseline and Week 12 CI values recorded were included in the analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dose Group 1 | Change in Cardiac Index (CI) From Baseline to Week 12 | Week 12 | 5.313 L/min/m^2 | Standard Deviation 3.352 |
| Dose Group 1 | Change in Cardiac Index (CI) From Baseline to Week 12 | Baseline | 5.337 L/min/m^2 | Standard Deviation 2.87 |
| Dose Group 1 | Change in Cardiac Index (CI) From Baseline to Week 12 | Change from Baseline | -0.024 L/min/m^2 | Standard Deviation 1.209 |
| Dose Group 2 | Change in Cardiac Index (CI) From Baseline to Week 12 | Week 12 | 4.188 L/min/m^2 | Standard Deviation 1.399 |
| Dose Group 2 | Change in Cardiac Index (CI) From Baseline to Week 12 | Baseline | 4.366 L/min/m^2 | Standard Deviation 1.462 |
| Dose Group 2 | Change in Cardiac Index (CI) From Baseline to Week 12 | Change from Baseline | -0.177 L/min/m^2 | Standard Deviation 0.716 |
| Dose Group 3 | Change in Cardiac Index (CI) From Baseline to Week 12 | Baseline | 3.940 L/min/m^2 | Standard Deviation 1.208 |
| Dose Group 3 | Change in Cardiac Index (CI) From Baseline to Week 12 | Change from Baseline | 0.412 L/min/m^2 | Standard Deviation 0.959 |
| Dose Group 3 | Change in Cardiac Index (CI) From Baseline to Week 12 | Week 12 | 4.352 L/min/m^2 | Standard Deviation 1.372 |
Secondary
Change in Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure (PAPm) From Baseline to Week 12
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is an increase in pressure in the pulmonary vasculature defined as a mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAPm) greater than 25 mmHg at rest or greater than 30 mmHg with exercise, as measured by right heart catheterization. The PAPm values and their respective changes from Baseline to Week 12 at peak exercise will be summarized by treatment group and measured by Swan-Ganz right heart catheterization.
Time frame: Baseline and Week 12
Population: All subjects with Baseline and Week 12 PAPm values recorded were included in the analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dose Group 1 | Change in Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure (PAPm) From Baseline to Week 12 | Week 12 | 58.5 mmHg | Standard Deviation 21.6 |
| Dose Group 1 | Change in Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure (PAPm) From Baseline to Week 12 | Baseline | 58.5 mmHg | Standard Deviation 20.7 |
| Dose Group 1 | Change in Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure (PAPm) From Baseline to Week 12 | Change from Baseline | 0.0 mmHg | Standard Deviation 6 |
| Dose Group 2 | Change in Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure (PAPm) From Baseline to Week 12 | Week 12 | 49.4 mmHg | Standard Deviation 13.4 |
| Dose Group 2 | Change in Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure (PAPm) From Baseline to Week 12 | Baseline | 49.1 mmHg | Standard Deviation 11.8 |
| Dose Group 2 | Change in Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure (PAPm) From Baseline to Week 12 | Change from Baseline | 0.3 mmHg | Standard Deviation 5.4 |
| Dose Group 3 | Change in Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure (PAPm) From Baseline to Week 12 | Baseline | 51.2 mmHg | Standard Deviation 17.5 |
| Dose Group 3 | Change in Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure (PAPm) From Baseline to Week 12 | Change from Baseline | -0.4 mmHg | Standard Deviation 6.7 |
| Dose Group 3 | Change in Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure (PAPm) From Baseline to Week 12 | Week 12 | 50.8 mmHg | Standard Deviation 14.7 |
Secondary
Change in N-terminal Pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) Concentrations From Baseline to Week 12
The N-terminal pro-BNP (NT-proBNP) serum concentration was assessed to compare the severity of heart failure at Baseline and Week 12.
Time frame: Baseline and Week 12
Population: All subjects with Baseline and Week 12 NT-proBNP values recorded were included in the analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dose Group 1 | Change in N-terminal Pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) Concentrations From Baseline to Week 12 | Change from Baseline | -24.4 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 592.1 |
| Dose Group 1 | Change in N-terminal Pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) Concentrations From Baseline to Week 12 | Baseline | 678.7 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 1530 |
| Dose Group 1 | Change in N-terminal Pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) Concentrations From Baseline to Week 12 | Week 12 | 654.4 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 1133.7 |
| Dose Group 2 | Change in N-terminal Pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) Concentrations From Baseline to Week 12 | Change from Baseline | 185.1 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 634.9 |
| Dose Group 2 | Change in N-terminal Pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) Concentrations From Baseline to Week 12 | Week 12 | 750.5 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 1223.3 |
| Dose Group 2 | Change in N-terminal Pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) Concentrations From Baseline to Week 12 | Baseline | 565.4 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 960 |
| Dose Group 3 | Change in N-terminal Pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) Concentrations From Baseline to Week 12 | Change from Baseline | 479.6 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 2236.9 |
| Dose Group 3 | Change in N-terminal Pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) Concentrations From Baseline to Week 12 | Week 12 | 1571.7 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 2808.6 |
| Dose Group 3 | Change in N-terminal Pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) Concentrations From Baseline to Week 12 | Baseline | 1092.1 pg/mL | Standard Deviation 1768.9 |
Secondary
Change in PH Symptoms From Baseline to Week 12
Symptoms of PH including fatigue, dyspnea, edema, dizziness, syncope, chest pain and orthopnea were assessed and severity grade values (i.e., 0, 1, 2 or 3) for each symptom were assigned for subjects. A severity of 0 indicated no symptoms, the maximum severity was 3, indicating severe symptoms. Median change in symptom severity from Baseline to Week 12 is described.
Time frame: Change from Baseline at 12 Weeks
Population: All subjects with Baseline and Week 12 values recorded for symptoms of PH were included in the analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dose Group 1 | Change in PH Symptoms From Baseline to Week 12 | Change in Dyspnea Symptoms from Baseline | -1.0 units on a scale |
| Dose Group 1 | Change in PH Symptoms From Baseline to Week 12 | Change in Syncope Symptoms from Baseline | 0.0 units on a scale |
| Dose Group 1 | Change in PH Symptoms From Baseline to Week 12 | Change in Dizziness Symptoms from Baseline | 0.0 units on a scale |
| Dose Group 1 | Change in PH Symptoms From Baseline to Week 12 | Change in Fatigue Symptoms from Baseline | 0.0 units on a scale |
| Dose Group 1 | Change in PH Symptoms From Baseline to Week 12 | Change in Orthopnea Symptoms from Baseline | 0.0 units on a scale |
| Dose Group 1 | Change in PH Symptoms From Baseline to Week 12 | Change in Chest Pain Symptoms from Baseline | 0.0 units on a scale |
| Dose Group 1 | Change in PH Symptoms From Baseline to Week 12 | Change in Edema Symptoms from Baseline | 0.0 units on a scale |
| Dose Group 2 | Change in PH Symptoms From Baseline to Week 12 | Change in Dizziness Symptoms from Baseline | 0.0 units on a scale |
| Dose Group 2 | Change in PH Symptoms From Baseline to Week 12 | Change in Fatigue Symptoms from Baseline | 0.0 units on a scale |
| Dose Group 2 | Change in PH Symptoms From Baseline to Week 12 | Change in Dyspnea Symptoms from Baseline | 0.0 units on a scale |
| Dose Group 2 | Change in PH Symptoms From Baseline to Week 12 | Change in Edema Symptoms from Baseline | 0.0 units on a scale |
| Dose Group 2 | Change in PH Symptoms From Baseline to Week 12 | Change in Syncope Symptoms from Baseline | 0.0 units on a scale |
| Dose Group 2 | Change in PH Symptoms From Baseline to Week 12 | Change in Chest Pain Symptoms from Baseline | 0.0 units on a scale |
| Dose Group 2 | Change in PH Symptoms From Baseline to Week 12 | Change in Orthopnea Symptoms from Baseline | 0.0 units on a scale |
| Dose Group 3 | Change in PH Symptoms From Baseline to Week 12 | Change in Syncope Symptoms from Baseline | 0.0 units on a scale |
| Dose Group 3 | Change in PH Symptoms From Baseline to Week 12 | Change in Dyspnea Symptoms from Baseline | -0.5 units on a scale |
| Dose Group 3 | Change in PH Symptoms From Baseline to Week 12 | Change in Orthopnea Symptoms from Baseline | 0.0 units on a scale |
| Dose Group 3 | Change in PH Symptoms From Baseline to Week 12 | Change in Chest Pain Symptoms from Baseline | 0.0 units on a scale |
| Dose Group 3 | Change in PH Symptoms From Baseline to Week 12 | Change in Dizziness Symptoms from Baseline | 0.0 units on a scale |
| Dose Group 3 | Change in PH Symptoms From Baseline to Week 12 | Change in Edema Symptoms from Baseline | 0.0 units on a scale |
| Dose Group 3 | Change in PH Symptoms From Baseline to Week 12 | Change in Fatigue Symptoms from Baseline | 0.0 units on a scale |
Secondary
Number of Participants With a Change From Baseline World Health Organization (WHO) Functional Classification at Week 12
The WHO Functional Class of pulmonary hypertension is a physical activity rating scale as follows: Class I: No limitation of physical activity. Class II: Slight limitation of physical activity. Class III: Marked limitation of physical activity. Class IV: Inability to carry out any physical activity without symptoms. Only participants who experienced a change in WHO functional classification from Baseline to Week 12 are described by class change below; all other participants maintained their Baseline WHO functional classification at Week 12.
Time frame: Change from Baseline at Week 12
Population: All subjects with Baseline and Week 12 WHO functional classifications recorded were included in the analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dose Group 1 | Number of Participants With a Change From Baseline World Health Organization (WHO) Functional Classification at Week 12 | Change from Class III to Class I | 1 participants |
| Dose Group 1 | Number of Participants With a Change From Baseline World Health Organization (WHO) Functional Classification at Week 12 | Change from Class II to Class III | 0 participants |
| Dose Group 1 | Number of Participants With a Change From Baseline World Health Organization (WHO) Functional Classification at Week 12 | Change from Class III to Class II | 2 participants |
| Dose Group 2 | Number of Participants With a Change From Baseline World Health Organization (WHO) Functional Classification at Week 12 | Change from Class III to Class I | 0 participants |
| Dose Group 2 | Number of Participants With a Change From Baseline World Health Organization (WHO) Functional Classification at Week 12 | Change from Class II to Class III | 0 participants |
| Dose Group 2 | Number of Participants With a Change From Baseline World Health Organization (WHO) Functional Classification at Week 12 | Change from Class III to Class II | 1 participants |
| Dose Group 3 | Number of Participants With a Change From Baseline World Health Organization (WHO) Functional Classification at Week 12 | Change from Class II to Class III | 1 participants |
| Dose Group 3 | Number of Participants With a Change From Baseline World Health Organization (WHO) Functional Classification at Week 12 | Change from Class III to Class II | 4 participants |
| Dose Group 3 | Number of Participants With a Change From Baseline World Health Organization (WHO) Functional Classification at Week 12 | Change from Class III to Class I | 0 participants |