Dyslipidemia, Insulin Resistance, Metabolic Syndrome
Conditions
Keywords
sugar, fructose, glucose, HFCS, metabolism
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages on blood triglycerides and cholesterol, cholesterol concentrations, and the body's sensitivity to insulin.
Detailed description
The study is designed as a prospective, blinded diet intervention study during which the participants consume either fructose- or HFCS-sweetened beverages (providing 10%, 17.5% or 25% of energy) with meals. In addition, there will be two control groups, with one group consuming 0% sugar beverages sweetened with sucralose and the other consuming glucose-sweetened beverages at 25% of energy requirement. Experimental procedures, including 24-hour serial blood sampling, post-heparin infusions, gluteal biopsies, Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the liver and the abdomen, and Oral Glucose Tolerance and Disposal Tests, are performed during baseline and at the end of a 2-week intervention period at the UC Davis Clinical and Translational Science Center (CTSC) Clinical Research Center (CCRC). During the inpatient periods, subjects are served energy balanced diets. The diets provide 15% of energy as protein, 30% as fat, and 55% as carbohydrate. During baseline testing, the carbohydrate content consists primarily of complex carbohydrate (\>97%). During intervention the 55% carbohydrate will consist of 10% sugar/45% complex, 17.5% sugar/37.5% complex, or 25% sugar/30% complex depending on the diet group to which the subject is assigned. During the outpatient intervention periods, the subjects reside at home and are provided with fructose- or HFCS -sweetened beverages that are consumed with each meal along with a self-selected ad libitum (usual) diet.
Interventions
OTHERGlucose
25% dose at 2-week intervention assigned to subjects.
OTHERFructose
25%, 17.5%, or 10% dose at 2-week intervention assigned to subjects.
OTHERHigh-Fructose Corn Syrup
25%, 17.5%, or 10% dose at 2-week intervention assigned to subjects.
OTHERNo sugar (Aspartame)
0% dose at 2-week intervention assigned to subjects.
Sponsors
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
University of California, Davis
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Caregiver)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 40 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Body mass index between 18-35 * Self report of stable body weight during the past six months
Exclusion criteria
* Diabetes Mellitus * Evidence of liver disorder * Evidence of kidney disorder * Evidence of thyroid disorder * Systolic blood pressure consistently over 160mmHg or diastolic blood pressure over 900mmHg * Triglycerides \> 400mg/dl * LDL-C \> 240mg/dl * Hemoglobin \< 8.5 g/dl * Current, prior (within 2 months), or anticipated use of any hypolipidemic or anti-diabetic agents * Use of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and anti-hypertensive medications * Any other condition that, in the opinion of the investigators, would put subject at risk * Strenuous exerciser * Pregnant or lactating women * Smoker * Diet exclusions: food allergies, special dietary restrictions, habitual ingest of \>2 alcoholic beverages/day
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 24-hour triglyceride area under the curve | Baseline and 2-week intervention | 32 serial blood samples are collected over a 24 hour period. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Insulin sensitivity index | Baseline and 2-week intervention | Insulin sensitivity is assessed using the deuterated glucose disposal method. |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed