Neuroblastoma
Conditions
Keywords
Refractory Neuroblastoma, Relapsed neuroblastoma
Brief summary
The purpose of this research study is to evaluate a new investigational drug to treat neuroblastoma. This study drug is called DFMO. The objectives of this study will be to monitor for safety and to find a maximum tolerated dose in this population. A secondary objective will be to look at efficacy of DFMO. The safety of the proposed dosing regimen in this trial will be tested by an on-going risk/benefit assessment during the study. A patient benefiting from treatment, not progressing on therapy, and in the absence of any safety issues associated with DFMO and/or etoposide may continue on treatment with the expectation that there will be an overall clinical benefit. The procedures involved in this study include Medical history, Physical exam, Vital signs (blood pressure, pulse, temperature), Blood tests, Urine tests, MRI or CT scan of the tumor(s), MIBG scans, and Bone marrow aspirations. All of these tests and procedures are considered standard of care for this population. Drug administration is also part of this protocol, including an investigational new drug called DFMO, and later combined with an already approved drug, etoposide. The proposed dosing regimen is an oral dose of DFMO two times a day for each day while on study. There will be 5 cycles. Each cycle will be 21 days in length. The first cycle will be DFMO alone. In the second cycle etoposide will be added in and will be given orally once a day for the first 14 days of each cycle (cycles 2-5).
Interventions
DRUGDFMO
Escalating doses of DFMO in a 3 +3 cohort design. DFMO at current cohort Dose Level orally each day for 21 day cycles Dose level 1: 500 mg/m2 PO BID Dose level 2: 750 mg/m2 PO BID Dose level 3:1000 mg/m2 PO BID Dose level 4:1500 mg/m2 PO BID
DRUGEtoposide
Starting with Cycle 2, etoposide will be given at 50mg/m2/dose PO daily for the first 14 days of each 21 day cycle. Capsules will be rounded to closest 50 mg.
Sponsors
Cancer Prevention Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
University of Arizona
University of Hawaii
Giselle Sholler
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Age: 0-21 years at the time of diagnosis. * Diagnosis: Histologic verification at either the time of original diagnosis or relapse of neuroblastoma. * Disease Status: Refractory or relapsed neuroblastoma * Measurable disease, including at least one of the following: Measurable tumor \>10mm by CT or MRI A positive MIBG and abnormal urinary catecholamine levels Positive bone marrow biopsy/aspirate. * Current disease state must be one for which there is currently no known curative therapy. * A negative urine pregnancy test is required for female subjects of child bearing potential (onset of menses or ≥13 years of age). * Patients without bone marrow metastases must have an ANC \> 500/μl and platelet count \>50,000/μl * Organ Function Requirements Subjects must have adequate liver function as defined by AST or ALT \<10x normal Serum bilirubin must be ≤ 2.0 mg/dl Serum creatinine must be ≥ 1.5 mg/dl * Informed Consent: All subjects and/or legal guardians must sign informed written consent. Assent, when appropriate, will be obtained according to institutional guidelines
Exclusion criteria
* Life expectancy \<2 months or Lansky score \<30% * Investigational Drugs: Subjects who are currently receiving another investigational drug are excluded from participation. * Anti-cancer Agents: Subjects who are currently receiving other anticancer agents are not eligible. Subjects must have fully recovered from the effects of prior chemotherapy (hematological and bone marrow suppression effects) * Infection: Subjects who have an uncontrolled infection are not eligible until the infection is judged to be well controlled in the opinion of the investigator. * Subjects who, in the opinion of the investigator, may not be able to comply with the safety monitoring requirements of the study, or in whom compliance is likely to be suboptimal, should be excluded.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Number of Participants With Adverse Events as a Measure of Safety and Tolerability | length of study plus 30 days | To determine the safety, tolerability and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of DFMO as a single agent and in combination with etoposide in pediatric and young adult patients with refractory or recurrent neuroblastoma |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Progression Free Survival (PFS) | 2 years | Progression is defined using Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.0), as a 20% increase in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions, or a measurable increase in a non-target lesion, or the appearance of new lesions |
| Number of Patients With an Overall Response Rate (ORR) of PR or CR | 1 year | Per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.0) for target lesions and assessed by MRI: Complete Response (CR), Disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR), \>=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions; Overall Response (OR) = CR + PR. |
| Tmax of DFMO in Pediatrics Using Pharmacokinetic (PK) Testing. | Cycle 1 Day 8 at hour 0 (pre-dose), 30 minutes, 1 hour, 3 hours, and 6 hours | — |
| Cmax of DFMO in Pediatrics Using Pharmacokinetic (PK) Testing. | Cycle 1 Day 8 at hour 0 (pre-dose), 30 minutes, 1 hour, 3 hours, and 6 hours | — |
| AUC of DFMO in Pediatrics Using Pharmacokinetic (PK) Testing. | Cycle 1 Day 8 at hour 0 (pre-dose), 30 minutes, 1 hour, 3 hours, and 6 hours | — |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| DFMO and Etoposide DFMO: Escalating doses of DFMO in a 3 +3 cohort design.
DFMO at current cohort Dose Level orally each day for 21 day cycles
Dose level 1: 500 mg/m2 PO BID Dose level 2: 750 mg/m2 PO BID Dose level 3:1000 mg/m2 PO BID Dose level 4:1500 mg/m2 PO BID
Etoposide: Starting with Cycle 2, etoposide will be given at 50mg/m2/dose PO daily for the first 14 days of each 21 day cycle. Capsules will be rounded to closest 50 mg. | 21 |
| Total | 21 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 | FG002 | FG003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Lack of Efficacy | 1 | 4 | 2 | 3 |
| Overall Study | Physician Decision | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Overall Study | Withdrawal by Subject | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | DFMO and Etoposide |
|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 8.75 years |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 3 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 16 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 2 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 2 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 2 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 17 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 7 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 14 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk |
|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | — / — |
| other Total, other adverse events | 11 / 21 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 3 / 21 |
Outcome results
Primary
Number of Participants With Adverse Events as a Measure of Safety and Tolerability
To determine the safety, tolerability and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of DFMO as a single agent and in combination with etoposide in pediatric and young adult patients with refractory or recurrent neuroblastoma
Time frame: length of study plus 30 days
Population: Received at least one dose of DFMO
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Dose Level 1: 500 mg/m2 PO BID | Number of Participants With Adverse Events as a Measure of Safety and Tolerability | 2 participants |
| Dose Level 2: 750 mg/m2 PO BID | Number of Participants With Adverse Events as a Measure of Safety and Tolerability | 4 participants |
| Dose Level 3:1000 mg/m2 PO BID | Number of Participants With Adverse Events as a Measure of Safety and Tolerability | 0 participants |
| Dose Level 4:1500 mg/m2 PO BID | Number of Participants With Adverse Events as a Measure of Safety and Tolerability | 5 participants |
Secondary
AUC of DFMO in Pediatrics Using Pharmacokinetic (PK) Testing.
Time frame: Cycle 1 Day 8 at hour 0 (pre-dose), 30 minutes, 1 hour, 3 hours, and 6 hours
Population: Cohort at max dose of 1500mg/m2 BID
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dose Level 1: 500 mg/m2 PO BID | AUC of DFMO in Pediatrics Using Pharmacokinetic (PK) Testing. | 108.38 (mcg/ml) * hr | Standard Deviation 53.23 |
Secondary
Cmax of DFMO in Pediatrics Using Pharmacokinetic (PK) Testing.
Time frame: Cycle 1 Day 8 at hour 0 (pre-dose), 30 minutes, 1 hour, 3 hours, and 6 hours
Population: Cohort at max dose of 1500mg/m2 BID
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dose Level 1: 500 mg/m2 PO BID | Cmax of DFMO in Pediatrics Using Pharmacokinetic (PK) Testing. | 28.89 mcg/ml | Standard Deviation 14.96 |
Secondary
Number of Patients With an Overall Response Rate (ORR) of PR or CR
Per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.0) for target lesions and assessed by MRI: Complete Response (CR), Disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR), \>=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions; Overall Response (OR) = CR + PR.
Time frame: 1 year
Population: 18 subjects out of the 21 enrolled were evaluable. 3 subjects did not make it to an evaluable time point.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Dose Level 1: 500 mg/m2 PO BID | Number of Patients With an Overall Response Rate (ORR) of PR or CR | 4 participants |
Secondary
Progression Free Survival (PFS)
Progression is defined using Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.0), as a 20% increase in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions, or a measurable increase in a non-target lesion, or the appearance of new lesions
Time frame: 2 years
Population: 18 subjects out of the 21 enrolled were evaluable. 3 subjects did not make it to an evaluable time point.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Dose Level 1: 500 mg/m2 PO BID | Progression Free Survival (PFS) | 85 Days |
Secondary
Tmax of DFMO in Pediatrics Using Pharmacokinetic (PK) Testing.
Time frame: Cycle 1 Day 8 at hour 0 (pre-dose), 30 minutes, 1 hour, 3 hours, and 6 hours
Population: Cohort at max dose of 1500mg/m2 BID
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dose Level 1: 500 mg/m2 PO BID | Tmax of DFMO in Pediatrics Using Pharmacokinetic (PK) Testing. | 2.88 hours | Standard Deviation 1.45 |