HIV Infections
Conditions
Keywords
HIV, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), HIV Seronegativity
Brief summary
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an experimental HIV-prevention strategy using antiretroviral (ARV) agents to protect HIV negative individuals from HIV infection.TMC278 is a new drug being developed for this type of HIV treatment. It is hoped that this drug may be used to help prevent HIV transmission in future. A 'long acting' formulation of TMC278 has been developed. Long acting means that the drug will be present in the blood for longer. It is this formulation of the drug that will be investigated in this study. Subjects will receive the drug by injection. The purpose of this study is to investigate the safety of the drug and how well it is tolerated by the body. The study will look at the levels of the study drug in the subjects blood over the duration of the study.
Detailed description
While for certain diseases, the use of medications by healthy people has been proven to function as prophylaxis, i.e. malaria, it is still unknown whether PrEP can help prevent HIV infection from exposure during sex or injection-drug use. To address whether PrEP is safe and effective for use in humans, the traditional sequence of drug development steps should be followed as closely as possible. TMC278 (rilpivirine) is a new investigational non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) discovered and in development by Tibotec, a division of Johnson & Johnson. Data from clinical development (Phase IIB) suggest that TMC278 has a similar efficacy and better side-effect profile as compared to other, older, NNRTIs, such as efavirenz. Like TMC125 (etravirine), TMC278 is a diarylpyrimidine (DAPY - a class of molecule that resembles the pyrimidine nucleotides found in DNA, and which have shown potency in inhibiting the activity of HIV reverse transcriptase). Tibotec is currently investigating TMC278 in two formulations: an oral formulation for HIV treatment and, in early phase, a long acting (LA) injectable formulation for HIV treatment. The latter has also potential application for HIV transmission prevention. TMC278LA is an innovative drug formulation and its long apparent half life may allow administration of PrEP monthly rather than orally and daily, as for other ARV that are currently studied as PrEP agents. Therefore, a phase I/II, open-label, prospective, single arm, pharmacokinetic clinical trial in 100 HIV negative subjects (50% of whom will have to be of self-identified African ancestry and 50% females, approximately) is to be conducted. The study will examine whether a monthly dose of TMC278LA not exceeding 600 mg i/m over a time period of approximately six months, with a loading regimen of the first two i/m injections separated by two weeks, is safe and well tolerated by HIV-negative subjects. Investigation of drug pharmacokinetics in plasma and genital secretions will be also carried out in order to ensure optimal drug exposure during drug administration. 100 evaluable subjects will be enrolled, with approximately 50 of African ancestry, and 50 females. This will provide 50-subject-years of safety data in order to support a later large phase III global efficacy study.
Interventions
DRUGTMC278LA
TMC278LA 600mg injected intramuscularly (i/m)
Sponsors
St Stephens Aids Trust
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 50 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
Subjects must meet all of the following inclusion criteria within 42 days prior to the baseline visit: 1. Must understand and sign a written informed consent form, prior to participation in any screening procedures and must comply with all study requirements 2. Male or non-pregnant, non-lactating females of different ethnic backgrounds 3. Age between 18 to 50 years, inclusive 4. Body Mass Index (BMI) of 16 to 35 kg/m2, inclusive 5. Absence of any significant health problems on the basis of the screening procedures; including medical history, physical examination, vital signs, ECG 6. Clinically significant laboratory abnormalities 7. Willing to undergo HIV testing, HIV discussion and receive HIV test results (according to the UK National Guidelines for HIV Testing 2008, www.bhiva.org) 8. Women of childbearing potential must be using an adequate method of contraception (diaphragm, intrauterine device, condoms, anatomical sterility in self or partner) to avoid pregnancy throughout the study and for a period of at least four months after the study follow up visit. Oral hormonal methods and implant contraceptives are allowed but only in combination with the additional protection of a barrier method 9. If sexually active male, willing to use an effective method of contraception such as condoms, anatomical sterility from the day of enrolment until at least four months after the follow up visit 10. Likely to remain resident in the UK for the duration of the study and follow-up period 11. Willing to consent to their personal details being entered onto The Over volunteering Prevention Scheme (TOPS) database 12. Willing to provide photographic identification at each visit. 13. Registered with a GP in the UK
Exclusion criteria
Subjects who meet any of the following
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Local or systemic adverse events including local reactions to the IMP, all DAIDS (2004) grade ≥1 adverse events, serious adverse events (including laboratory abnormalities) and suspected unexpected serious adverse reactions (SUSARs) | 217 ± 10 days |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Drug plasma pharmacokinetics following first i/m dose and at steady state | 217 ± 10 days |
| Male and female genital tract drug concentrations following first i/m dose and at steady state | 217 ± 10 days |
Countries
United Kingdom
Outcome results
None listed