Sedation, Tolerance, Anxiety, Satisfaction
Conditions
Keywords
sedation, midazolam, flexible bronchoscopy, tolerance
Brief summary
The Flexible Bronchoscopy (FB) is a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure which is not usually tolerated by the patient. This makes the examination more difficult and a repetition of the examination, if necessary, resulting in a lower diagnostic performance. Furthermore, there is nowadays little information with a highly obvious level about the relationship between sedation and the patient´s satisfaction with the FB. Midazolam is one of the most commonly used sedatives at the beginning for its rapid onset property and brief duration of action with sedatives, anxiolytics and amnesia properties. The principal aim of our study is to analyse if the use of a local anaesthetic with midazolam whilst performing an FB improves the quality of examination in terms of tolerance for the patient. It would also be of interest to know if there is an improvement in the acceptance of a second or further FB and if this improves the satisfaction of the Bronchoscopist as far as the examination performed is concerned.
Detailed description
PATIENTS AND METHODS: A randomized, prospective study has been carried out; double blind and controlled with placebo to be treated with midazolam. This included 152 patients, randomized into two groups: Group A - 79(51.9%) patients which received midazolam before the FB, and Group B - (49.1%) patients which received placebo. The patients were given a questionaire of 13 questions about different aspects of perception of the procedure after the respiratory endoscopy and another was given to the Bronchoscopist. RESULTS: Both groups started off with a similar assessment of fear and nervousness before the FB. Nevertheless, Group A gave a much higher score than Group B referring to variables related to symptoms and feeling. The patients´ cooperation was assessed by the Bronchoscopist in a similar way in both groups, although the length of the procedure and difficulty was higher in the group treated with placebo (Group B).
Interventions
DRUGMidazolam
Sedation started by injecting a 4 ml drug bolus with midazolam (0.07-0.1 mg/kg dose). Supplemental doses of midazolam (2 mg) were administrated at an interval of \>2 min to maintain conscious sedation
OTHERPhysiological serum
We started by injecting a 4 ml drug bolus and we ad supplemental doses (2 ml) to maintain the conscious sedation
Sponsors
Hospital Universitario La Fe
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Masking
DOUBLE (Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 80 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Patients referred for diagnostic flexible bronchoscopy * American Society of Anaesthesiology (ASA) class of risk I to III
Exclusion criteria
* Patients undergoing flexible bronchoscopy procedures such advanced techniques (autofluorescence, NBI, endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)...) * Psychological disorders * Hypersensitivity to benzodiazepine * Severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (FEV1 \< 50% predicted value, requirement for oxygen therapy * Unstable haemodynamic status (defined as a heart rate \< 60 or \> 120 and/or a systolic blood pressure \< 100 or \> 180 mmHG) * Sings of systemic or pulmonary infection
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| To analyse if the use of a local anaesthetic with midazolam whilst performing an flexible bronchoscopy improves the quality of examination in terms of tolerance for the patient | February 2009 |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| To know if there is an improvement in the acceptance of a second or further flexible bronchoscopy and if this improves the satisfaction of the bronchoscopist as far as the examination performed is concerned | February 2009 |
Countries
Spain
Outcome results
None listed