Vascular Health, Autonomic Function
Conditions
Keywords
Arterial stiffness, Endothelial function, Autonomic function, Inflammation
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to test the effects of endurance exercise training on arterial structure and function, and to examine potential mechanisms producing changes in arterial structure and function in young (18-35 years of age) African Americans when compared to Caucasians.
Detailed description
African-Americans are at greater risk than Caucasians for developing hypertension, cardiovascular disease, stroke and renal disease. This is likely related to arterial dysfunction including greater arterial stiffness, and reduced microvascular reactivity of resistance arteries in African-Americans. In addition, African-Americans have higher levels of inflammatory markers, and a greater sympathoexcitatory response to various stressors. This imbalance between sympathetic and reduced parasympathetic activation may directly affect vascular function and potentiate a greater inflammatory response, further altering key structural and functional properties of the vascular wall. The overall aim of this proposal is to test the effects of endurance exercise training on arterial structure and function, and to examine potential mechanisms producing changes in arterial structure and function in young (18-35 years of age) African Americans when compared to Caucasians. We will examine these effects at rest and following a high intensity (maximal cycle ergometry) sympathoexcitation at both pre- and post-intervention time points, since sympathoexcitation may elucidate changes not evident at rest. Because African-Americans have higher levels of arterial stiffness, lower microvascular reactivity, greater responses to sympathoexcitation, greater levels of inflammatory markers and greater vasoconstrictive tone, we hypothesize that African-Americans will show differential responses to exercise training and benefit more compared to a matched group of Caucasians.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALEndurance Exercise
8 weeks of Endurance exercise training, 3-4 times per week, 45-60 minutes perr session
Sponsors
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 35 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Subjects in good health with no cardiovascular, metabolic, or inflammatory disease, who do not use cardiovascular medications or antioxidant vitamin supplementation, including use of anti-inflammatory (including aspirin) or steroidal substances in the past 2 months will be inlcuded
Exclusion criteria
* Subjects who smoke, are severely obese (body mass index \> 35 kg/m2), or who have hypertension (blood pressure \>140/90mmHg), diabetes (fasting glucose \>110mg/dl), hyperlipidemia, inflammatory disease (rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus, etc) or diagnosed cardiovascular disease including, coronary heart disease, hypertension and cardiac arrhythmia or renal disease, will be excluded
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Arterial function | Pre, following a 4 week control period and after 8 weeks of exercise intervention |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Autonomic function | Pre, following a 4 week control period and following 8 weeeks of an exercise intervention |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed