Anterior Knee Pain Syndrome, Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome, Patellofemoral Syndrome
Conditions
Keywords
anterior knee pain, adolescents, female, interactive video games, patellofemoral syndrome, treatment, compliance, home exercises
Brief summary
To determine the utility of the Wii Fit TM interactive video game program in patellofemoral symptom resolution, development of increased muscle strength and flexibility as a result of increased compliance with home exercises in adolescent females with patellofemoral syndrome.
Detailed description
Patellofemoral syndrome (PFS) is a very common diagnosis amongst adolescents and young adults. Symptoms can be chronic in nature and interfere with sporting activity and activities of daily living. Current treatment consists of home exercises to increase muscular strength and flexibility. Adolescents are known to have poor compliance with treatments for chronic illnesses. There is a paucity of published literature surrounding the Wii TM Interactive Video Game. There has been one published report of the use of Wii Fit TM in rehabilitation where participants used the Wii Fit TM to train proprioception after ankle injury. Individuals that participated in the Wii Fit TM group found improvement in their balance on objective measures as well as increased enjoyment with their treatment plan. One anecdotal report used the Wii TM video game in physiotherapy treatments of a college athlete and found a dramatic increase in attendance compliance after introduction of the video game. This randomized controlled study will determine if using the Wii Fit TM for home exercise completion will increase compliance and subsequently improve symptoms related to patellofemoral syndrome in adolescent females.
Interventions
OTHERWii Fit (TM) Interactive Video Game
Use of interactive video game exercise program on a daily basis focusing on quadriceps and hamstring flexibility along with VMO strengthening.
Completion of daily home exercise program for quadriceps and hamstring flexibility and VMO strengthening.
Sponsors
University of Manitoba
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Investigator)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
11 Years to 17 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Female between ages of 11 and 17 years of age * A diagnosis of patellofemoral syndrome with one or more of the following symptoms: anterior knee pain, positive theater sign, stairs provoking knee pain. * No physiotherapy or regular, structured home exercise program is being followed * Parental/guardian consent to participate * Patient assent to participate
Exclusion criteria
* Patients participating in physiotherapy at the time of initial assessment or have had physiotherapy in the last 6 months for patellofemoral syndrome * Patients performing regular home exercise program prescribed by physician, physiotherapist, or other allied health professional for patellofemoral syndrome at time of initial assessment * Patients who have additional knee pathology (e.g. acute patellar dislocation; acute internal knee derangement (i.e. meniscal, ligament injury); osteochondritis dissecans; severe apophysitis or tendinitis) that could interfere with rehabilitation exercises due to pain or instability from these conditions * Individuals with history of knee surgery * Individuals that have a Wii Fit TM video game at home * Individuals for whom consent and assent is not obtained
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Exercise Days Completed. | 3 months | Calculated for the 12 week period as daily exercise completion rate as percentage |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Changes in Patellofemoral Symptoms | 3 months |
| Change in Hamstring Flexibility | 3 months |
| Change in Quadriceps Flexibility | 3 months |
| Change in Vastus Medialis Oblique Muscle Strength | 3 months |
Countries
Canada
Participant flow
Recruitment details
22 females between 11-17 yrs. of age with untreated patellofemoral syndrome recruited from a pediatric sport medicine clinic from October 2009 to June 2010.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Wii Fit (TM) Interactive Video Game Exercise program involved exercises focusing on VMO strength and hamstring and quadriceps stretching utilizing the Wii Fit (TM) Interactive Video Game. Exercises were to be done on a daily basis for 12 weeks and recorded on the provided exercise calendar. | 8 |
| Traditional Exercise Program Exercise programs involved exercises focusing on VMO strength and hamstring and quadriceps stretching. Exercises were to be done on a daily basis for 12 weeks and recorded on the provided exercise calendar. | 14 |
| Total | 22 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Traditional Exercise Program | Wii Fit (TM) Interactive Video Game | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 14 Participants | 8 Participants | 22 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Age Continuous | 13.5 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.5 | 12.6 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.5 | 13.2 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.5 |
| Region of Enrollment Canada | 14 participants | 8 participants | 22 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 14 Participants | 8 Participants | 22 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | — / — | — / — |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 8 | 0 / 14 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 8 | 0 / 14 |
Outcome results
Primary
Percentage of Exercise Days Completed.
Calculated for the 12 week period as daily exercise completion rate as percentage
Time frame: 3 months
Population: Per Protocol
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Wii Fit (TM) Interactive Video Game | Percentage of Exercise Days Completed. | 48.3 percentage of days completed |
| Traditional Exercise Program | Percentage of Exercise Days Completed. | 62.4 percentage of days completed |
Secondary
Change in Hamstring Flexibility
Time frame: 3 months
Secondary
Change in Quadriceps Flexibility
Time frame: 3 months
Secondary
Change in Vastus Medialis Oblique Muscle Strength
Time frame: 3 months
Secondary
Changes in Patellofemoral Symptoms
Time frame: 3 months