Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Conditions
Keywords
Head and Neck Cancer, Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, HNSCC, Cetuximab, IMC-A12, Tumor, Biomarkers, Phospho-AKT, Surgical resection
Brief summary
The goal of this clinical research study is to give cetuximab and/or IMC-A12 before surgery for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, in order to learn if these study drugs may cause changes in biomarkers. Biomarkers are chemical markers in the blood and/or tissue that may be related to a reaction to study treatment. The safety of the study treatments will also be studied.
Detailed description
The Study Drugs Cetuximab and IMC-A12 are both designed to block proteins that are thought to cause cancer cells to grow. This may help to slow the growth of tumors. Study Groups: If you are found to be eligible to take part in this study, you will be randomly assigned (as in the roll of dice) to 1 of 3 groups. There is an equal chance of being assigned to any group. * Group 1 will receive cetuximab alone. * Group 2 will receive IMC-A12 alone. * Group 3 will receive cetuximab and IMC-A12 in combination. If you are assigned to group 2 or 3 you will have a hearing test within 90 days before starting treatment with the study drug. Study Treatment: Groups 1 and 3: Cetuximab will be given by vein on Days 1 and 8. The first dose will be given over 2 hours. The second dose will be given over 1 hour. To lower the risk of allergic reaction, Groups 1 and 3 will also receive diphenhydramine by mouth or by vein before the first dose of cetuximab. If the study doctor decides it is needed, diphenhydramine may also be given before the second dose of cetuximab (and the third, if applicable). Groups 2 and 3: IMC-A12 will be given by vein over 1 hour on Days 1 and 8. All Groups: You will have surgery on Day 10. If for some reason the surgery is delayed, the study doctor may decide that you will receive a third dose of your assigned study drug(s) on Day 15. In that case, cetuximab will be given over 1 hour and/or IMC-A12 will be given over 1 hour, depending on which group you are in. You will sign a separate consent form that describes the surgery and its risks in more detail. Study Tests: Within 5 days before your second dose of study drug(s), and again within 5 days before your third dose (if applicable), the following tests and procedures will be performed: * Your medical history will be recorded. * You will be asked about any side effects you may be experiencing. * You will have a physical exam, including measurement of vital signs. * Blood (about 3 teaspoons) will be drawn for routine tests. On the day before surgery, you will have a CT scan or MRI of the head and neck. If needed, these tests can instead be done before surgery but sometime after the last dose of the study drug(s). On the day of surgery, blood (about 3 teaspoons) will be drawn for routine tests and your vital signs will be measured. If needed, these tests can instead be done up to 2 days before surgery. Length of Study Drug Dosing: After your last dose of the study drug(s), on Day 8 or Day 15, your participation in the study treatment period will be over. You will be taken off the study drug(s) early if the disease gets worse or intolerable side effects occur. Follow-Up: If you return to the clinic within 30 days after surgery, the following tests and procedures will be performed: * Your medical history will be recorded. * You will have a physical exam, including measurement of your vital signs. * You will be asked about any side effects that may have occurred. Otherwise if you do not have a visit scheduled during that time, the study staff will call you by phone instead. You will be asked how you are doing. If you are experiencing side effects from the study drug(s) at the time of the follow-up visit or call, you may have additional follow-up if the doctor decides it is needed. The follow-up tests, procedures, and schedule will be the doctor's decision depending on the side effects. You will have a repeat hearing test within 90 days after surgery if you received at least 1 dose of IMC-A12. Long-Term Follow-Up: On a long-time basis after surgery, the study staff may review your medical record to collect information about your health. During this time, you or your family members may be contacted and asked to confirm or provide information about your health. The contact may occur during clinic visits or by phone, mail, or e-mail. This is an investigational study. Cetuximab is commercially available and FDA approved to treat squamous cell carcinoma that has spread or come back, in patients who did not respond to platinum-based therapy. Using cetuximab in combination with surgery is investigational. IMC-A12 is not FDA approved or commercially available. At this time, IMC-A12 is only being used in research. Up to 60 patients will take part in this study. All will be enrolled at MD Anderson.
Interventions
DRUGCetuximab
First dose of 400 mg/m\^2 by vein on Days 1 and 8 over 2 hours, second dose of 250 mg/m\^2 on week 2 and 3 (if applicable) given over 1 hour.
DRUGIMC-A12
6 mg/kg/week by vein on Days 1 and 8 over 1 hour on weeks 1 and 2 and 3 (if applicable).
PROCEDURESurgical tumor resection
Surgical tumor resection on Day 10.
Sponsors
Eli Lilly and Company
M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. Histologically or cytologically-confirmed diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (excluding carcinomas of the nasopharynx types II and III according to the World Health Organization criteria), for whom surgical resection of the tumor is planned as part of the treatment. Patients with skin squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck region will also be included in this study. 2. There is availability of a baseline, paraffin-embedded, tumor specimen for biomarker evaluation. No anti-neoplastic treatment is allowed between the time from obtaining the baseline tumor specimen and randomization. If a baseline tumor specimen is not available, a biopsy of the tumor will be performed prior to randomization. 3. Prior treatment with biological agents targeted to the epidermal growth factor receptor is allowed, provided the time from last exposure to this treatment was \>/= 6 months. 4. The patient has a fasting serum glucose \< 130 mg/dL and HbA1C \< 7.0%. Patients with a history of diabetes mellitus are allowed to participate, provided that they are on a stable dietary or therapeutic regimen for this condition. 5. The patient has adequate renal function, defined by serum creatinine \</= 1.5 x the institutional upper limit of normal (ULN), or creatinine clearance \>/=60 mL/min for patients with creatinine levels above the ULN. 6. Because the teratogenicity of cetuximab and IMC-A12 is not known, women of childbearing potential and men must agree to use adequate contraception (hormonal or barrier method of birth control; abstinence) prior to study entry and for the duration of study participation. 7. The patient is age \>/= 18 years. 8. The patient or the patient's legally authorized representative has the ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document. 9. ECOG performance status of 0-2.
Exclusion criteria
1. Patients receiving any other agent (investigational or not) with potential anti-neoplastic activity within 3 weeks prior to obtaining the baseline tumor specimen for biomarker evaluation. 2. Patients receiving concomitant radiation. 3. Prior treatment with an agent targeted at the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor. 4. History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of chemical and biological composition similar to those of cetuximab or IMC-A12. 5. Pregnant patients, or patients who are breast feeding (patients who have a positive pregnancy test within the first 30 days before the first dose of treatment are excluded). 6. Patients with uncontrolled illnesses which, in the opinion of the investigator, could be aggravated by the administration of the study drug(s).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| AKT Modulation | Biopsy at baseline and surgery (surgery should be within 10 days of last treatment) | An IHC scoring system used to quantify phospho-Akt levels based on staining intensity x extension. Staining intensity graded as undetectable (0), weak (1), medium (2), or strong (3). Staining extension graded as percentage of positive cells per high power field at x20 magnification. Final score will therefore range from 0 to 300. Modulation of phospho-Akt (difference in IHC score between the surgical specimen and the baseline biopsy) and other biomarkers compared between any two of the three treatment arms with the use of the Wilcoxon rank sum test. Type I error of alpha=0.05 (two-sided test) used. Correlation between biomarkers and molecular response or toxicity performed in an exploratory fashion. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Number of Participants With Objective Response | up to 4 months post treatment start | Objective response to treatment per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.0) for target lesions and assessed by MRI: Complete Response (CR), Disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR), \>=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions; Overall Response (OR) = CR + PR. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Pre-assignment details
A total of 16 patients were enrolled in the study; however only 15 patients were started on the trial since 1 subject withdrew consent for the study.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Cetuximab Subjects received Cetuximab at 400 mg/m2 loading dose and 250 mg/m2 subsequently for 1-2 doses. | 4 |
| IMC-A12 Subjects received IMC-A12 at 6 mg/kg | 6 |
| Cetuximab + IMC-A12 Subjects received Cetuximab at 400 mg/m2 loading dose and 250 mg/m2 subsequently for 1-2 doses. Subjects received IMC-A12 at 6 mg/kg | 5 |
| Total | 15 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 | FG002 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Withdrawal by Subject | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Cetuximab | IMC-A12 | Cetuximab + IMC-A12 | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 2 Participants | 4 Participants | 2 Participants | 8 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 2 Participants | 2 Participants | 3 Participants | 7 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 0 Participants | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 4 Participants | 5 Participants | 5 Participants | 14 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 4 Participants | 5 Participants | 5 Participants | 14 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 4 participants | 6 participants | 5 participants | 15 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 1 Participants | 2 Participants | 0 Participants | 3 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 3 Participants | 4 Participants | 5 Participants | 12 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk | EG002 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 4 | 0 / 6 | 0 / 5 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 2 / 4 | 2 / 6 | 4 / 5 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 4 | 0 / 6 | 0 / 5 |
Outcome results
Primary
AKT Modulation
An IHC scoring system used to quantify phospho-Akt levels based on staining intensity x extension. Staining intensity graded as undetectable (0), weak (1), medium (2), or strong (3). Staining extension graded as percentage of positive cells per high power field at x20 magnification. Final score will therefore range from 0 to 300. Modulation of phospho-Akt (difference in IHC score between the surgical specimen and the baseline biopsy) and other biomarkers compared between any two of the three treatment arms with the use of the Wilcoxon rank sum test. Type I error of alpha=0.05 (two-sided test) used. Correlation between biomarkers and molecular response or toxicity performed in an exploratory fashion.
Time frame: Biopsy at baseline and surgery (surgery should be within 10 days of last treatment)
Population: Due to early termination of the study, data could not be collected for this outcome.
Secondary
Number of Participants With Objective Response
Objective response to treatment per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.0) for target lesions and assessed by MRI: Complete Response (CR), Disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR), \>=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions; Overall Response (OR) = CR + PR.
Time frame: up to 4 months post treatment start
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cetuximab | Number of Participants With Objective Response | Progressive Disease | 0 Participants |
| Cetuximab | Number of Participants With Objective Response | Stable Disease/No Change | 3 Participants |
| Cetuximab | Number of Participants With Objective Response | Inevaluable | 1 Participants |
| IMC-A12 | Number of Participants With Objective Response | Progressive Disease | 2 Participants |
| IMC-A12 | Number of Participants With Objective Response | Stable Disease/No Change | 4 Participants |
| IMC-A12 | Number of Participants With Objective Response | Inevaluable | 0 Participants |
| Cetuximab + IMC-A12 | Number of Participants With Objective Response | Stable Disease/No Change | 5 Participants |
| Cetuximab + IMC-A12 | Number of Participants With Objective Response | Inevaluable | 0 Participants |
| Cetuximab + IMC-A12 | Number of Participants With Objective Response | Progressive Disease | 0 Participants |