Rheumatoid Arthritis
Conditions
Keywords
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Brief summary
More than half of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients complain of sleep disturbance and this cardinal complaint is associated with fatigue, pain, and depressed mood in patient with chronic inflammatory disorder. Despite the frequency of this complaint, there is limited efforts to evaluate sleep or the abnormal increases in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines play a key role in the progression of RA, we hypothesize that the cytokine network is one physiological system that is associated with sleep disturbances in RA patients. Pro-inflammatory cytokines signal the central nervous system and are associated with increased symptoms of pain, fatigue, and depressed mood in rheumatic patients. The specific aims of the study are to examine the contribution of cytokines on sleep by administering a TNF antagonist vs. placebo to probe the action of pro-inflammatory cytokines on sleep in RA Patients. Examination of sleep and its consequences for pro-inflammatory cytokine activity within the framework of an observational and experimental research design will have implications for understanding the psycho-biological mechanisms that link sleep and the clinical manifestations of RA. Results from this study will guide the developments of interventions that target disordered sleep with potential effects on disability in RA.
Detailed description
Abnormal sleep is reported by more than half of rheumatoid arthritis patients, in addition to the traditional symptoms associated with the disease, such as morning stiffness, pain, and functional debility. When recording brain activity during sleep using electroencephalography or EEG. Sleep abnormalities have been found independent of pain and thus the mechanisms to account for disordered sleep in this population are unknown. The immune system, via pro-inflammatory cytokines, plays a major role in the development of rheumatoid arthritis. Pro-inflammatory cytokines are molecules that act as signals to stimulate activity of different arms of the immune system. New medications such as remicade (infliximab) have been developed which slow disease activity by blocking the activity of these pro-inflammatory cytokines. This is done by binding to the cytokine TNF and rendering it biologically inactive. Pro-inflammatory cytokines also appear to play a role in sleep. A number of basic and human studies have found that cytokines and sleep exhibit a bi-directional relationship. However, no study to date has explored this relationship in a rheumatoid arthritis population. Thus, this research study has the potential to test whether cytokines influence sleep in rheumatoid arthritis. We will determine if a single dose of a pro-inflammatory cytokine blocking medication (remicade) affects sleep in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Interested participants will undergo an eligibility interview to review in-depth subject participation, RA diagnosis, written Consent. Following eligibility, patients will undergo a single overnight sleep assessment lasting four nights at the General Clinical Research Center. After the adaption and baseline nights, on day 3, patients will be randomized to receive either 10 mg/kg of remicade or placebo and their sleep will be subsequently monitored for two additional nights ( post-infusion 1 and post-infusion 2).
Interventions
DRUGRemicade
Remicade/ Infliximab Study Material 10mg/kg Total Volume=250cc in saline I.V. route.
Sponsors
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
University of California, Los Angeles
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 85 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. Rheumatoid arthritis patients will meet American College of Rheumatology revised criteria (Arnett, Edworthy et al. 1988). This requires at least four of the following seven criteria: 1) morning joint stiffness; 2) arthritis in 3 or more joint areas; 3) arthritis of hand joints; 4) symmetric arthritis; 5) rheumatoid nodules; 6) presence of serum rheumatoid factor and 7) changes on posteroanterior hand and wrist radiographs. In addition, criteria 1-4 must be present for at least four weeks. Subjects must be between 18 and 85 years of age. 2. If rheumatoid arthritis patients are receiving treatment with traditional disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD), such as methotrexate, sulfasalazine or hydroxychloroquine, they must be on a stable regime for one month before study and stable throughout study. 3. If rheumatoid arthritis patients have received treatment with a TNF antagonist or other biologic medication, they must be drug free for greater than 3 months.
Exclusion criteria
1. Steroids - Individuals currently taking greater than an equivalent of 10 mg of prednisone will be excluded given the potent anti-inflammatory effects of such medications. 2. Opioids - Individuals using multiple daily dosage schedule of opioid agents such as oxycodone (Percocet), hydrocodone (Vicodin), morphine, Dilaudid will be excluded. 3. Co-morbid medical disorders - the presence of active unstable and uncontrolled co-morbid medical conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer will be exclusionary criteria. In particular, individuals with co-morbid inflammatory disorders such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis and other autoimmune disorders will be excluded. Any uncontrolled medical condition that is deemed by the investigators to interfere with the proposed study procedures, or put the study participant at undue risk will also be considered exclusionary criteria. 4. Chronic infections - individuals with chronic infections will also be excluded because of effects on immune markers measured in study. 5. Co-morbid pain disorders - individuals with co-morbid pain disorders such as fibromyalgia will also be excluded. Individuals with fibromyalgia have been found to have sleep abnormalities as well as daytime fatigue and pain and thus could confound findings. 6. Psychiatric disorders - current conditions such as major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and risk for suicide will also be considered exclusionary criteria. 7. Gender-based criteria - pregnant or breast-feeding women will also be excluded because of their effects on neuroendocrine systems and sleep
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Slow Wave Sleep | Post-infusion day 2 | Slow wave sleep in minutes at post-infusion day 2 in placebo vs. remicade |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Cellular Inflammation | Post-infusion day 2 | Percentage of monocytes producing interleukin-6 at post-infusion day 2 in placebo vs. remicade |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Placebo Placebo-participant will receive placebo saline solution via IV route.
Remicade: Remicade/ Infliximab Study Material 10mg/kg Total Volume=250cc in saline I.V. route. | 10 |
| Remicade Remicade-Participant will be given 10 mg/kg of drug via IV route.
Remicade: Remicade/ Infliximab Study Material 10mg/kg Total Volume=250cc in saline I.V. route. | 10 |
| Total | 20 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Placebo | Remicade | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 48.8 Years STANDARD_DEVIATION 14 | 54.1 Years STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.3 | 51.5 Years STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.8 |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 10 participants | 10 participants | 20 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 10 Participants | 10 Participants | 20 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 10 | 0 / 10 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 10 | 0 / 10 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 10 | 0 / 10 |
Outcome results
Primary
Slow Wave Sleep
Slow wave sleep in minutes at post-infusion day 2 in placebo vs. remicade
Time frame: Post-infusion day 2
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Slow Wave Sleep | 82.6 Minutes | Standard Deviation 39.5 |
| Remicade | Slow Wave Sleep | 67.3 Minutes | Standard Deviation 38.7 |
Secondary
Cellular Inflammation
Percentage of monocytes producing interleukin-6 at post-infusion day 2 in placebo vs. remicade
Time frame: Post-infusion day 2
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Cellular Inflammation | 3.6 percentage of monocytes | Standard Deviation 0.6 |
| Remicade | Cellular Inflammation | 4.0 percentage of monocytes | Standard Deviation 0.6 |