Brain Tumors
Conditions
Brief summary
This study involves cancer research and the purpose is to assess the safety and activity of a type of vaccine as immune therapy for cancer. This vaccine will be made from each participant's own immune cells (called dendritic cells) obtained by blood donation. Dendritic cells (DCs) are immune cells whose role is to identify foreign material in the body (such as bacteria, viruses, or tumor cells). When DCs recognize this material, they use it to activate other cells of the immune system to mount an attack against that foreign material. In the Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, each participant's DCs will be loaded with samples of their own tumor cells that were obtained at surgical resection. These tumor cells are killed in the laboratory using a special protocol, and then fed to the DCs. The DCs eat this material, and these fed DCs make up the vaccine.
Detailed description
If you are eligible, and you decide to join this research study, you will get two to three shots of the experimental vaccine, each three weeks apart. You will then have a follow up period where we will monitor you and your medical records for any affects of the experimental treatment.
Interventions
DRUGDC/AAT
Autologous dendritic cells that have been co-cultured with autologous apoptotic tumor (AAT) specimens.
DRUGDC/AAT-Flu
Intradermal injection of Autologous dendritic cell vaccine (DC/AAT-Flu) after co-culture with flu-infected AAT
DRUGDC/KLH
Intradermal injection of Autologous dendritic cell vaccine (DC/KLH) which have been co-cultured with Keyhole pimpit hemocyanin (KLH) as a positive control.
Sponsors
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Rockefeller University
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
Screening to determine eligibility (with the exception of HLA haplotyping) will be completed within 45 days fo study entry. 1. Disease Characteristics Histologically confirmed brain cancers, reviewed at MSKCC. Pathologic examination will be of surgical resection specimens deemed of suitable quality for definitive diagnosis by the histopathologist. Primary Brain Tumors: * Anaplastic astrocytoma * Glioblastoma multiforme * Anaplastic oligodendroglioma * Malignant mixed oligoastrocytoma Secondary (metastatic) brain tumors - newly diagnosed or recurrent disease * All histological grade of disease accepted Surgically accessible tumor for which resection is indicated. Tumors may be from initial resections or re-resections. Recovery of a minimum of 1x10\^7 tumor cells ex vivo is required. Patients with primary brain tumors must have been previously treated with conventional therapy. 2. Prior/Concurrent Therapy 1. Recovered from toxicity of any prior therapy 2. Biologic Therapy * No concurrent other immunotherapy and no prior immunotherapy with any of the components of the current regimen (autologous DCs, cancer cells, or KLH) 3. Chemotherapy: * No concurrent immunomodulatory or chemotherapy therapy * Chemotherapy, including temozolomide and local chemotherapies such as Gliadel Wafers, must be deferred until after last post-vaccine leukapheresis 4. Endocrine evaluation/therapy: * steroid dose no greater than 1mg daily dexamethasone (or equivalent) 5. Radiotherapy: * No concurrent brain radiation 6. Surgery: * Surgical resection must have been completed independently of this study, and suitable samples obtained for vaccine production 3. Patient Characteristics 1. Age: 18 and over, able to give written informed consent. May be obtained through use of legal representation such as a health care proxy 2. Performance status: Karnofsky 60-100% 3. Life expectancy: at least 4-6 months 4. Hematopoietic: * WBC greater than 3,800 * Absolute lymphocytes greater than 500 * Absolute neutrophil counter great than 1,500/mm\^3 * Platelets greater than 100,000/mm\^3 * Hb greater than or equal to 10g/dL 5. Hepatic: bilirubin less than 2mg/dL OR SGOT less than 2x ULN 6. Renal: Creatinine no greater than 2mg/dL 7. Cardiovascular: * No NYHA class III/IV status * No active angina, uncontrolled clinically significant cardiac arrythmia, recent (6 months) myocardial infarction 8. Pulmonary: No symptomatic pulmonary disease or pulse oximetry less than 93% on room air 9. Endocrine: No history of autoimmune thyroid disease 10. Radiographic: baseline contrast-enhanced MRI or CT scan of brain post surgical resection 11. Coagulation: No unexplained INR \>2
Exclusion criteria
* No active infection requiring antibiotics * No history of HIV, hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus infection, no history of high risk behavior for such infection (intravenous drug abuse, men having unprotected sex with men). Laboratory evaluation for HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C to be obtained prior to study entry * No history of hypersensitivity to vaccine components * No history of autoimmune or vasculitic disease (including but not limited to systemic lupus erythematosis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic necrotizing vasculitides (polyarteritis nodosa group), hypersensitivity vasculitis, Wegener's granulomatosis), scleroderma, multiple sclerosis, juvenile-onset insulin-dependent diabetes * No medical or psychiatric illness or social condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, would interfere with adherence to study requirements * No alcohol or drug use or dependence that, in the opinion of the investigator, would interfere with adherence to study requirements
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Toxicity- assessment of safety and tolerability | week 0 to week 9 |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Measurable disease | baseline and after completion of vaccination |
| Activity-monitoring both clinical and immunologic parameters | week 0 to week 9 |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed