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Bevacizumab and Erlotinib or Sorafenib as First-Line Therapy in Treating Patients With Advanced Liver Cancer

A Randomized Open-Label Multi-Institution Phase II Study of the Combination of Bevacizumab and Erlotinib Compared to Sorafenib in the First-Line Treatment of Patients With Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)

Status
Completed
Phases
Phase 2
Study type
Interventional
Source
ClinicalTrials.gov
Registry ID
NCT00881751
Enrollment
95
Registered
2009-04-15
Start date
2009-03-31
Completion date
2017-02-28
Last updated
2017-09-11

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Liver Cancer

Keywords

adult primary hepatocellular carcinoma, advanced adult primary liver cancer, recurrent adult primary liver cancer

Brief summary

RATIONALE: Monoclonal antibodies, such as bevacizumab, can block tumor growth in different ways. Some block the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Others find tumor cells and help kill them or carry tumor-killing substances to them. Erlotinib and sorafenib may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Bevacizumab, erlotinib, and sorafenib may also stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking blood flow to the tumor. It is not yet known whether giving bevacizumab together with erlotinib is more effective than giving sorafenib in treating patients with liver cancer. PURPOSE: This randomized phase II trial is studying how well giving bevacizumab together with erlotinib works compared with sorafenib as first-line therapy in treating patients with advanced liver cancer.

Detailed description

OBJECTIVES: Primary * To estimate the overall survival in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated with bevacizumab and erlotinib hydrochloride vs sorafenib tosylate. Secondary * To estimate the event-free survival and tumor response rate of these patients. * To evaluate the safety and tolerability of these regimens in these patients. OUTLINE: This is a multicenter study. Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms. * Arm I: Patients receive bevacizumab IV over 30-90 minutes on days 1 and 15 and oral erlotinib hydrochloride once daily on days 1-28. * Arm II: Patients receive oral sorafenib tosylate twice daily on days 1-28. In both arms, courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed at 30 days and then every 3 months for 1 year.

Interventions

BIOLOGICALbevacizumab

Given IV

DRUGerlotinib hydrochloride

Given orally

DRUGsorafenib tosylate

Given orally

Sponsors

Medical University of South Carolina
Lead SponsorOTHER

Study design

Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE

Eligibility

Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 116 Years
Healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: * Pathologically confirmed advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) * Childs-Pugh class A * CLIP score ≤ 5 * Not a candidate for curative surgical resection or loco-regional therapy * Measurable disease as per RECIST 1.1 criteria, defined as ≥ 1 previously unirradiated, bidimensionally measurable lesion ≥ 20 mm by CT scan or MRI (triphasic spiral CT scan or MRI employing a liver protocol image capture technique required) * Bone lesions, ascites, and pleural effusions are not considered measurable lesions * No fibrolamellar HCC * No known brain metastases * No prior organ transplantation PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS: * ECOG performance status 0-2 * Absolute neutrophil count ≥ 1,500/mm³ * Platelet count ≥ 75,000/mm³ * Hemoglobin ≥ 9 g/dL * Transaminases ≤ 5 times upper limit of normal (ULN) * Total bilirubin ≤ 2.0 times ULN * PT ≤ 1.8 times ULN * Prolonged INR allowed for patients who require full dose anticoagulation * Creatinine ≤ 2.0 mg/dL OR creatinine clearance ≥ 45 mL/min * Urine protein \< 2+ by urine dipstick OR urine protein ≤ 1 g by 24-hour urine collection * Not pregnant or nursing * Negative pregnancy test * Fertile patients must use effective contraception during and for 12 weeks after completion of study treatment * Able to take and absorb oral medication * No active infection requiring parenteral therapy * No known HIV or AIDS * No uncontrolled blood pressure (BP), defined as systolic BP ≥ 150 mm Hg and/or diastolic BP ≥ 100 mm Hg * No uncontrolled or significant cardiovascular disease, including any of the following: * Myocardial infarction within the past 6 months * Uncontrolled angina within the past 6 months * New York Heart Association class II-IV congestive heart failure * Grade 3 cardiac valve dysfunction * Cardiac arrhythmia not controlled by medication * Stroke or transient ischemic attack within the past 6 months * Arterial thrombotic event of any type within the past 6 months * No significant or symptomatic vascular disease (e.g., aortic aneurysm, aortic dissection, or peripheral vascular disease) within the past 6 months * No decompensated liver disease as evidenced by clinically significant ascites refractory to diuretic therapy, hepatic encephalopathy, or coagulopathy not corrected by conservative measures * No grade 3 bleeding esophageal or gastric varices within the past 2 months * Prior variceal bleeding allowed provided patient has undergone banding or sclerotherapy and there has been no evidence of bleeding for 2 months * No gastric varices ≥ grade 2 * No hemoptysis (i.e., ≥ ½ teaspoon of bright red blood per episode) within the past month * No evidence of bleeding diathesis or coagulopathy * No concurrent uncontrolled illness, including, but not limited to, a history of or current evidence of unexplained nephrotic syndrome or other severe illness/disease that would preclude study participation * No history of hypertensive crisis or hypertensive encephalopathy * No abdominal fistula, gastrointestinal perforation, or intra-abdominal abscess within the past 6 months * No serious, non-healing wound, active ulcer, or untreated bone fracture * No significant traumatic injury within the past 28 days * No history of allergy to bevacizumab, erlotinib hydrochloride, sorafenib tosylate, or related compounds * No other primary malignancy within the past 5 years, except carcinoma in situ of the cervix or urinary bladder or nonmelanoma skin cancer * No mental incapacitation or psychiatric illness that would preclude study participation * Not incarcerated or compulsorily detained (i.e., involuntarily incarcerated) for treatment of either a psychiatric or physical illness (e.g., infectious disease) PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY: * Prior surgery, local ablation, trans-arterial hepatic artery embolization, or trans-arterial chemoembolization are allowed provided the lesion(s) have progressed since treatment OR there are additional measurable, untreated lesions present * No prior systemic therapy for HCC * No prior organ transplantation * More than 7 days since prior minor surgical procedures, fine needle aspirations, or core biopsies (excluding placement of a vascular access device) * More than 28 days since any prior therapy * More than 28 days since prior and no concurrent major surgical procedure or open biopsy * More than 28 days since prior and no concurrent participation in another experimental drug study * No other concurrent anticancer or antitumor therapy, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, or hormonal anticancer therapy * No other concurrent investigational agents * No concurrent warfarin (other types of anticoagulation allowed)

Design outcomes

Primary

MeasureTime frameDescription
Overall Survivalfrom date of day 1 until the date of deathOverall survival is defined as the time from treatment day 1 until death from any cause. Patients still alive at the end of follow up,patients who withdrew consent from the trial and patients who were lost to follow up will have their survival time censored at the last date of contact.

Secondary

MeasureTime frameDescription
Event-free SurvivalFrom the time of randomization until progression, withdrawal due to toxicity or any other clinical event requiring withdrawal from the study.EFS is defined as the time from randomization to any of the following three types of events: 1 - progression; 2 - withdrawal due to excessive toxicity; 3 - any other clinical event requiring withdrawal from the study.
Number of SAEs ExperiencedFrom day 1 of drug administration until 30 days after the last dose of study drug.The study will report the number of SAEs experienced in each arm. All patients who receive any study drug will be evaluable for toxicity.
Response RateFrom day 1 drug administration until 30 days after the last dose of study drug.Secondary outcome measures include response rate as assessed on restaging imaging studies utilizing RECIST 1.1.

Countries

United States

Participant flow

Participants by arm

ArmCount
Arm I
Patients receive bevacizumab IV over 30-90 minutes on days 1 and 15 and oral erlotinib hydrochloride once daily on days 1-28. bevacizumab: Given IV erlotinib hydrochloride: Given orally
47
Arm II
Patients receive oral sorafenib tosylate twice daily on days 1-28. sorafenib tosylate: Given orally
48
Total95

Withdrawals & dropouts

PeriodReasonFG000FG001
Overall StudyAdverse Event02
Overall StudyPhysician Decision01
Overall StudyWithdrawal by Subject02

Baseline characteristics

CharacteristicArm IArm IITotal
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
18 Participants21 Participants39 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
29 Participants27 Participants56 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
9 Participants7 Participants16 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
38 Participants41 Participants79 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants1 Participants1 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
9 Participants4 Participants13 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
7 Participants8 Participants15 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
3 Participants3 Participants6 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
28 Participants32 Participants60 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
9 Participants15 Participants24 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
38 Participants33 Participants71 Participants

Adverse events

Event typeEG000
affected / at risk
EG001
affected / at risk
deaths
Total, all-cause mortality
— / —— / —
other
Total, other adverse events
47 / 4743 / 43
serious
Total, serious adverse events
25 / 4719 / 43

Outcome results

Primary

Overall Survival

Overall survival is defined as the time from treatment day 1 until death from any cause. Patients still alive at the end of follow up,patients who withdrew consent from the trial and patients who were lost to follow up will have their survival time censored at the last date of contact.

Time frame: from date of day 1 until the date of death

Population: Only subjects who received one dose of study drug were considered for this outcome. 5 subjects enrolled to Arm II did not receive any study drug and were not evaluable for this outcome.

ArmMeasureValue (MEDIAN)
Arm IOverall Survival8.55 Months
Arm IIOverall Survival8.55 Months
Secondary

Event-free Survival

EFS is defined as the time from randomization to any of the following three types of events: 1 - progression; 2 - withdrawal due to excessive toxicity; 3 - any other clinical event requiring withdrawal from the study.

Time frame: From the time of randomization until progression, withdrawal due to toxicity or any other clinical event requiring withdrawal from the study.

ArmMeasureValue (MEDIAN)
Arm IEvent-free Survival4.37 Months
Arm IIEvent-free Survival2.76 Months
Secondary

Number of SAEs Experienced

The study will report the number of SAEs experienced in each arm. All patients who receive any study drug will be evaluable for toxicity.

Time frame: From day 1 of drug administration until 30 days after the last dose of study drug.

Population: Patients who received at least one dose of study drug were included in this analysis.

ArmMeasureValue (NUMBER)
Arm INumber of SAEs Experienced48 serious adverse events
Arm IINumber of SAEs Experienced39 serious adverse events
Secondary

Response Rate

Secondary outcome measures include response rate as assessed on restaging imaging studies utilizing RECIST 1.1.

Time frame: From day 1 drug administration until 30 days after the last dose of study drug.

Population: Responders include complete and partial responders defined by RECIST 1.1 criteria.

ArmMeasureValue (NUMBER)
Arm IResponse Rate15 percentage of participants
Arm IIResponse Rate9 percentage of participants

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov · Data processed: Mar 5, 2026