Renal Transplant Candidate
Conditions
Keywords
Physical Activity, Renal Transplant Candidate, Physical Function, Body Composition
Brief summary
The physical function of older candidates for renal transplantation and their ability to sustain physical activity programs are currently unknown. The primary goal of this study is to determine the feasibility of a physical activity intervention in older dialysis-dependent patients, assessing its effect on maintaining transplant candidacy and outcome after transplantation. Clinical practice guidelines do not set an absolute age limit for evaluating potential renal transplant candidates. While cardiovascular risk assessment and malignancy screening are emphasized in the older age group, physical performance and the risk for disability are often overlooked. Although healthy older patients experience increased life expectancy after renal transplantation versus remaining on dialysis, outcomes such as the capacity to live independently and function well have not been studied. Given the poorer baseline health status in aging end-stage renal disease patients, rapid changes in health on dialysis, and the national organ shortage, it is increasingly important to identify factors that predict better outcomes and devise strategies that will maximize the benefit of transplantation in older individuals. The investigators hypothesize that muscle is the principal organ system underlying impaired physical function among older transplant candidates, and that decreased muscle mass and physical functioning lead to poorer outcomes in older renal transplant candidates. The investigators propose that a simple bedside performance measurement of lower extremity functional limitations, the Short Physical Performance Battery, will be a strong predictor of outcomes in this patient cohort. The investigators also propose that outcomes can be improved with exercise training, potentially leading to longer durations of active transplant candidacy and greater independence after successful transplantation. The Specific Aims of this research are: 1. Determine the feasibility of an exercise intervention in dialysis-dependent wait-listed patients age 60 years and over who will be randomized to one of two groups: usual care versus a structured physical activity program. 2. Define the natural history of physical function in patients age 60 years and greater who remain on dialysis or undergo renal transplantation attempting to identify a subgroup of older wait listed patients who are at high risk for developing disability.
Interventions
OTHERPhysical Activity
The intervention is an individualized, structured, moderate intensity home-based physical activity program. During the first 12 weeks the program will focus on lower extremity strengthening, and thereafter incorporate cardiovascular activity. The target duration of activity is 150 minutes per week, i.e., 20-30 min on most days of the week. However, the program is adjusted based on each participant's progression, initial level of physical fitness and will be modified in response to illness, injury, or physical symptoms.
Sponsors
The John A. Hartford Foundation
Association of Subspecialty Professors
Wake Forest University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
60 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Age ≥ 60 years * Listed on the renal transplant waiting list (either active or inactive status) * Able to give consent * Able to maintain sitting or standing balance and ambulate without assistance from another person
Exclusion criteria
* MMSE score less than 21 * Unstable coronary artery disease * Less than three months since the patient had a myocardial infarction * Congestive heart failure NY class III or IV * Lower extremity amputation without prosthesis * Severe and active lower extremity musculoskeletal problem which prevents participation in the intervention * Individuals who are more active than the intervention and thus would not be likely to benefit * SPPB score of 12 (the maximum score) at screening
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The Short Physical Performance Battery SPPB) score, a brief and simple bedside performance-based instrument. | One year |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Self-reported disability scores | One year |
| Re-hospitalization | One year |
| Inter-current illness including cardiovascular events or falls | One year |
| Endurance | One year |
| Health-related quality-of-life scores | One year |
| Grip strength | One year |
| Leg strength | One year |
| ADL disability | One year |
| Body composition by both DEXA and thigh CT | One year |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed